. . . . . . . "La Tradizione Microlitica Artica, conosciuta anche come Arctic Small Tool tradition, \u00E8 il nome dato in archeologia a un movimento culturale che ha interessato l'area dell'Artico nel tardo periodo arcaico della preistoria del Nord America, intorno al 2500 a.C. Le aree interessate sono l'Alaska, il Canada artico e la Groenlandia. L'elemento pi\u00F9 caratterizzante di queste culture \u00E8 l'utilizzo di una sofisticata tecnologia microlitica che consente la produzione di una serie di manufatti quali: microlame, piccoli nuclei a forma di cuneo, piccoli bifacciali, microbulini, raschiatoi di vario tipo ed altri microliti. Il nome \"Arctic Small Tool tradition\" (indicato spesso con l'acronimo ASTt) venne proposto nel 1957 dall'archeologo americano per indicare la affinit\u00E0 fra diverse culture identificate in Alaska (Denbigh Flint Complex), Canada, e Groenlandia (Independence I e Saqqaq). Studi effettuati negli anni '60 e inizio 70' hanno inoltre dimostrato lo stretto legame di discendenza che esiste fra la cultura Pre-Dorset e la cultura Dorset che emerge nel Canada dopo il 1000 a.C. Per questo la cultura Dorset \u00E8 anche indicata come appartenente al Tardo ASTT, per contro le culture Pre-Dorset, Independence I e Saqqaq sono complessivamente identificate come Primo ASTT. Nel 1994 alcuni studiosi hanno proposto l'utilizzo dei termini \"Primo Paleoeskimo\" e \"Tardo Paleoeskimo\" per indicare le culture dell'Artico orientale indicate come Primo ASTt e Tardo ASTt rispettivamente."@it . . . "The Arctic Small Tool tradition (ASTt) was a broad cultural entity that developed along the Alaska Peninsula, around Bristol Bay, and on the eastern shores of the Bering Strait around 2500 BC. ASTt groups were the first human occupants of Arctic Canada and Greenland. This was a terrestrial entity that had a highly distinctive toolkit based on microblade technology. Typically tool types include scrapers, burins and side and end blades used in composite arrows or spears made of other materials, such as bone or antler. Many researchers also assume that it was Arctic Small Tool populations who first introduced the bow and arrow to the Arctic, that eventually became the Eskimo archery material culture. ASTt camps are often found along coasts and streams, to take advantage of seal or salmon popu"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . "Arctic small tool tradition"@en . . "6421"^^ . . . "\u5317\u6975\u5C0F\u5DE5\u5177\u6587\u5316\uFF0C\u6216\u662F\u5317\u6975\u5C0F\u5DE5\u5177\u50B3\u7D71\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1AArctic Small Tool tradition\uFF0C\u7C21\u7A31ASTt\uFF09\u662F\u524D25\u4E16\u7D00\u5728\u963F\u62C9\u65AF\u52A0\u534A\u5CF6\u3001\u5E03\u91CC\u65AF\u6258\u723E\u7063\uFF0C\u548C\u767D\u4EE4\u6D77\u5CFD\u6771\u5CB8\u767C\u5C55\u51FA\u7684\u6587\u5316\u3002\u5317\u6975\u5C0F\u5DE5\u5177\u6587\u5316\u4EBA\u662F\u7B2C\u4E00\u6279\u5C45\u4F4F\u5728\u52A0\u62FF\u5927\u5317\u6975\u5730\u5340\u548C\u683C\u9675\u862D\u7684\u65CF\u7FA4\u3002\u4ED6\u5011\u4EE5\u5229\u7528\u7368\u7ACB\u767C\u5C55\u51FA\u7684\u5DE5\u5177\u70BA\u540D\u3002\u5178\u578B\u4F7F\u7528\u7684\u5DE5\u5177\u6709\u3001\uFF0C\u6216\u662F\u7531\u9AA8\u982D\u6216\u9E7F\u89D2\u7D44\u6210\u542B\u6709\u5074\u5203\u548C\u7AEF\u5203\u7684\u7BAD\u6216\u77DB\u3002\u8A31\u591A\u7814\u7A76\u8005\u8A8D\u70BA\u662F\u5317\u6975\u5C0F\u5DE5\u5177\u4EBA\u628A\u5F13\u7BAD\u5F15\u5165\u5317\u6975\u5730\u5340\uFF0C\u6700\u5F8C\u767C\u5C55\u6210\u7269\u8CEA\u6587\u5316\u3002\u5317\u6975\u5C0F\u5DE5\u5177\u4EBA\u5E38\u5728\u5CB8\u908A\u6216\u6EAA\u908A\u7BC9\u8D77\u71DF\u5730\uFF0C\u4EE5\u4FBF\u76F4\u63A5\u7375\u6355\u6D77\u8C79\u548C\u9BAD\u9B5A\u3002\u96D6\u7136\u6587\u5316\u88E1\u90E8\u5206\u7684\u7FA4\u9AD4\u7FD2\u6163\u6E38\u7267\u751F\u6D3B\uFF0C\u4F46\u4E5F\u6709\u907A\u8DE1\u767C\u73FE\u4ED6\u5011\u642D\u5EFA\u5B9A\u5C45\u6027\u8349\u76AE\u5C4B\u9802\u623F\u5C4B\u7684\u75D5\u8DE1\u3002 \u5317\u6975\u5C0F\u5DE5\u5177\u6587\u5316\u53EF\u4EE5\u5206\u6210\u5E7E\u500B\u4E0D\u540C\u7684\u6587\u5316\u7FA4\u9AD4\uFF1A\u963F\u62C9\u65AF\u52A0\u7684\u3001\u52A0\u62FF\u5927\u5317\u6975\u5730\u5340\u7684\u3001\u5317\u6975\u5708\u9802\u90E8\u7684\uFF0C\u548C\u5357\u683C\u9675\u862D\u7684\u85A9\u5361\u514B\u6587\u5316\u3002\u5728\u963F\u62C9\u65AF\u52A0\u548C\u52A0\u62FF\u5927\u5317\u6975\u5730\u5340\u5317\u6975\u5C0F\u5DE5\u5177\u6587\u5316\u5206\u5225\u88AB\u548C\u591A\u723E\u585E\u7279\u6587\u5316\u7E7C\u627F\u3002"@zh . "La Tradizione Microlitica Artica, conosciuta anche come Arctic Small Tool tradition, \u00E8 il nome dato in archeologia a un movimento culturale che ha interessato l'area dell'Artico nel tardo periodo arcaico della preistoria del Nord America, intorno al 2500 a.C. Le aree interessate sono l'Alaska, il Canada artico e la Groenlandia."@it . . "1099238585"^^ . "Arctische kleine werktuigtraditie"@nl . . . . . . . . . "The Arctic Small Tool tradition (ASTt) was a broad cultural entity that developed along the Alaska Peninsula, around Bristol Bay, and on the eastern shores of the Bering Strait around 2500 BC. ASTt groups were the first human occupants of Arctic Canada and Greenland. This was a terrestrial entity that had a highly distinctive toolkit based on microblade technology. Typically tool types include scrapers, burins and side and end blades used in composite arrows or spears made of other materials, such as bone or antler. Many researchers also assume that it was Arctic Small Tool populations who first introduced the bow and arrow to the Arctic, that eventually became the Eskimo archery material culture. ASTt camps are often found along coasts and streams, to take advantage of seal or salmon populations. While some of the groups were fairly nomadic, more permanent, sod-roofed homes have also been identified from Arctic Small Tool tradition sites. The Arctic Small Tool tradition includes a number of cultural groups, including the Denbigh Flint Complex in Alaska, the Pre-Dorset culture in Arctic Canada, Independence I culture in the High Arctic and Saqqaq culture in southern Greenland. The ASTt was followed by the Norton tradition in Alaska and the Dorset culture in Arctic Canada."@en . . . "2621171"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . "Tradizione Microlitica Artica"@it . "\u5317\u6975\u5C0F\u5DE5\u5177\u6587\u5316\uFF0C\u6216\u662F\u5317\u6975\u5C0F\u5DE5\u5177\u50B3\u7D71\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1AArctic Small Tool tradition\uFF0C\u7C21\u7A31ASTt\uFF09\u662F\u524D25\u4E16\u7D00\u5728\u963F\u62C9\u65AF\u52A0\u534A\u5CF6\u3001\u5E03\u91CC\u65AF\u6258\u723E\u7063\uFF0C\u548C\u767D\u4EE4\u6D77\u5CFD\u6771\u5CB8\u767C\u5C55\u51FA\u7684\u6587\u5316\u3002\u5317\u6975\u5C0F\u5DE5\u5177\u6587\u5316\u4EBA\u662F\u7B2C\u4E00\u6279\u5C45\u4F4F\u5728\u52A0\u62FF\u5927\u5317\u6975\u5730\u5340\u548C\u683C\u9675\u862D\u7684\u65CF\u7FA4\u3002\u4ED6\u5011\u4EE5\u5229\u7528\u7368\u7ACB\u767C\u5C55\u51FA\u7684\u5DE5\u5177\u70BA\u540D\u3002\u5178\u578B\u4F7F\u7528\u7684\u5DE5\u5177\u6709\u3001\uFF0C\u6216\u662F\u7531\u9AA8\u982D\u6216\u9E7F\u89D2\u7D44\u6210\u542B\u6709\u5074\u5203\u548C\u7AEF\u5203\u7684\u7BAD\u6216\u77DB\u3002\u8A31\u591A\u7814\u7A76\u8005\u8A8D\u70BA\u662F\u5317\u6975\u5C0F\u5DE5\u5177\u4EBA\u628A\u5F13\u7BAD\u5F15\u5165\u5317\u6975\u5730\u5340\uFF0C\u6700\u5F8C\u767C\u5C55\u6210\u7269\u8CEA\u6587\u5316\u3002\u5317\u6975\u5C0F\u5DE5\u5177\u4EBA\u5E38\u5728\u5CB8\u908A\u6216\u6EAA\u908A\u7BC9\u8D77\u71DF\u5730\uFF0C\u4EE5\u4FBF\u76F4\u63A5\u7375\u6355\u6D77\u8C79\u548C\u9BAD\u9B5A\u3002\u96D6\u7136\u6587\u5316\u88E1\u90E8\u5206\u7684\u7FA4\u9AD4\u7FD2\u6163\u6E38\u7267\u751F\u6D3B\uFF0C\u4F46\u4E5F\u6709\u907A\u8DE1\u767C\u73FE\u4ED6\u5011\u642D\u5EFA\u5B9A\u5C45\u6027\u8349\u76AE\u5C4B\u9802\u623F\u5C4B\u7684\u75D5\u8DE1\u3002 \u5317\u6975\u5C0F\u5DE5\u5177\u6587\u5316\u53EF\u4EE5\u5206\u6210\u5E7E\u500B\u4E0D\u540C\u7684\u6587\u5316\u7FA4\u9AD4\uFF1A\u963F\u62C9\u65AF\u52A0\u7684\u3001\u52A0\u62FF\u5927\u5317\u6975\u5730\u5340\u7684\u3001\u5317\u6975\u5708\u9802\u90E8\u7684\uFF0C\u548C\u5357\u683C\u9675\u862D\u7684\u85A9\u5361\u514B\u6587\u5316\u3002\u5728\u963F\u62C9\u65AF\u52A0\u548C\u52A0\u62FF\u5927\u5317\u6975\u5730\u5340\u5317\u6975\u5C0F\u5DE5\u5177\u6587\u5316\u5206\u5225\u88AB\u548C\u591A\u723E\u585E\u7279\u6587\u5316\u7E7C\u627F\u3002"@zh . . "\u5317\u6975\u5C0F\u5DE5\u5177\u6587\u5316"@zh . . "De Arctische kleine werktuigtraditie (Engels: Arctic small tool tradition, ASTt) was een brede culturele traditie die zich rond 2500 v.Chr. ontwikkelde langs het Alaska-schiereiland, rond de Bristolbaai en aan de oostkust van de Beringstraat. De dragers van de Arctische kleine werktuigtraditie, Paleo-Eskimo's genoemd, waren de eerste menselijke bewoners van de Canadese poolgebieden en Groenland. In Alaska werd ze voorafgegaan door de Paleo-Arctische culturen."@nl . . . "De Arctische kleine werktuigtraditie (Engels: Arctic small tool tradition, ASTt) was een brede culturele traditie die zich rond 2500 v.Chr. ontwikkelde langs het Alaska-schiereiland, rond de Bristolbaai en aan de oostkust van de Beringstraat. De dragers van de Arctische kleine werktuigtraditie, Paleo-Eskimo's genoemd, waren de eerste menselijke bewoners van de Canadese poolgebieden en Groenland. In Alaska werd ze voorafgegaan door de Paleo-Arctische culturen. De cultuur bezat een karakteristieke werktuigset op basis van microlieten. Tot de typische gereedschappen behoren , stekers en zij- en topsnijdende klingen die werden gebruikt in samengestelde pijlen of speren gemaakt van bot of gewei. Veel onderzoekers gaan ervan uit dat de ASTt-populaties de pijl en boog in het Noordpoolgebied introduceerden. ASTt-kampen worden vaak gevonden langs kusten en waterlopen, waar de zeehonden- of zalmpopulaties voor voedsel zorgden. Hoewel sommige groepen een nomadische leefwijze hadden, zijn ook meer permanente, met plaggen bedekte huizen gevonden. De Arctische kleine werktuigtraditie omvat een aantal cultuurgroepen, waaronder het in Alaska, de Pre-Dorsetcultuur in arctisch Canada, de Independence I-cultuur in het hoge poolgebied en de Saqqaqcultuur in het zuiden van Groenland. De ASTt werd in Alaska opgevolgd door de Nortoncultuur en in Noord-Canada door de Dorsetcultuur."@nl . . . . . . . .

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