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Syftet var att hejda att engelsm\u00E4nnens kontroll \u00F6ver delar av Irland f\u00F6rsvagades. I stadgan fanns bland annat str\u00E4ngt f\u00F6rbud mot \n* gifterm\u00E5l mellan engelsm\u00E4n och kelter \n* f\u00F6rs\u00E4ljning av h\u00E4star eller vapen till den keltiska befolkningen \n* anv\u00E4ndning av annat spr\u00E5k \u00E4n det engelska Stadgan f\u00F6rnyades flera g\u00E5nger, vilket p\u00E5visar sv\u00E5righeterna att f\u00E5 den till\u00E4mpad. Den innebar inte ett f\u00F6rs\u00F6k att p\u00E5tvinga kelterna engelska seder, utan ist\u00E4llet en str\u00E4van att f\u00F6rhindra n\u00E4ra f\u00F6rbindelser med den keltiska befolkningen." , "lang" : "sv" } , { "type" : "literal", "value" : "V\u00FDnosy z Kilkenny byly s\u00E9ri\u00ED t\u0159iceti p\u011Bti na\u0159\u00EDzen\u00ED schv\u00E1len\u00FDch v Kilkenny v roce 1366. M\u011Bly v\u00E9st k anglizov\u00E1n\u00ED Irska, p\u0159esn\u011Bji zabr\u00E1nit poir\u0161t\u011Bn\u00ED Norman\u016F v Irsku. Hlavn\u00EDm autorem byl Lionel z Antverp. V roce 1361 byl anglick\u00FDm kr\u00E1lem Edwardem III. vysl\u00E1n jako m\u00EDstokr\u00E1l do Irska. Zpo\u010D\u00E1tku nem\u011Bly v\u00FDnosy p\u0159\u00EDli\u0161 velk\u00FD vliv a irsk\u00E1 kulturn\u00ED identita se \u0161\u00ED\u0159ila, av\u0161ak na po\u010D\u00E1tku 17. stolet\u00ED za\u010Daly b\u00FDt re\u00E1ln\u011B vym\u00E1h\u00E1ny a pomohly vytvo\u0159it \u00FApln\u00E9 odcizen\u00ED dvou \u201Eras\u201C v Irsku na t\u00E9m\u011B\u0159 t\u0159i stolet\u00ED." , "lang" : "cs" } , { "type" : "literal", "value" : "B'\u00E9 a bh\u00ED i Reachtanna Chill Chainnigh n\u00E1 sraith de ch\u00FAig reachta tr\u00EDochad, rite i gCill Chainnigh sa bhliain 1366, agus ba \u00ED an aidhm taobh thiar d\u00EDobh n\u00E1 srian a chur ar mheath na i dTiarnas na h\u00C9ireann. Bh\u00ED Gall-Ghaeil na h\u00C9ireann deighilte ina dh\u00E1 ndream, 'tiarna\u00ED na dteorann', n\u00F3 na Sasanaigh mheata', agus an dream d\u00EDlis a bh\u00ED f\u00F3s sna bailte agus sna 'Contaetha Umhla'. Den dream d\u00EDlis sin rinne Fear Ionad an R\u00ED, Lionel, (an dara mac an R\u00ED \u00C9adbhard III) taca. B'\u00E9 a sprid si\u00FAd, sprid ainGhaelach, a th\u00E1inig in uachtair i bparlaimint Chill Chainnigh ar an 18 Feabhra 1366." , "lang" : "ga" } , { "type" : "literal", "value" : "Mit den Kilkenny-Statuten (Statute[s] of Kilkenny) von 1366 bezweckte die englische Krone eine Trennung der englischen Oberschicht von der Bev\u00F6lkerung des eroberten bzw. noch zu erobernden Irland. Die 35 Statuten wurden auf einer Versammlung des irischen Parlaments in Kilkenny unter Vorsitz des Sohns von K\u00F6nig Eduard III. von England, Lionel, Duke of Clarence, erlassen. Im Wesentlichen wurde damit bezweckt, die englische Lebensart von der angeblich barbarischen der irischen Bev\u00F6lkerung zu separieren. Vor allem wollte man der famili\u00E4ren Vermischung des behaupteten Herren- mit dem (ausdr\u00FCcklich so genannten) Feindvolk vorbeugen. Durch die Schaffung m\u00F6glichst unverbundener gesellschaftlicher Sph\u00E4ren sollte der Gegensatz zwischen der g\u00E4lisch-irokeltischen Urbev\u00F6lkerung auf der einen und der Ge" , "lang" : "de" } , { "type" : "literal", "value" : "\u041A\u0438\u043B\u043A\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0442 \u2014 \u0440\u044F\u0434 \u0437\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u0432, \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043D\u044F\u0442\u044B\u0445 \u0432 1367 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0443 \u043F\u0430\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u043E\u043C \u043C\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0440\u0430 \u0418\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0438 \u2014 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0418\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0438, \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0430\u044F \u0443\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043B\u044F\u043B\u0430\u0441\u044C \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u0435\u043C \u0410\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0438 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\u0438\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0435 \u043A\u043B\u0430\u043D\u044B \u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u0443\u043F\u043B\u0430\u0442\u044B \u00AB\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u043D\u0442\u044B\u00BB \u2014 \u0434\u0430\u043D\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u043C\u0438\u0440\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435. \u041A\u0438\u043B\u043A\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0438" , "lang" : "ru" } , { "type" : "literal", "value" : "Lo Statuto di Kilkenny fu una serie di trentacinque articoli emanati a Kilkenny nel 1367, con l'intento di frenare l'allarmante declino della dominazione Hiberno-Normanna sull'Irlanda." , "lang" : "it" } , { "type" : "literal", "value" : "Les statuts de Kilkenny \u00E9taient une s\u00E9rie de trente-cinq actes pass\u00E9s \u00E0 Kilkenny en 1366 et 1367, dont le but \u00E9tait d'enrayer le d\u00E9clin de la Seigneurie d'Irlande hiberno-normande." , "lang" : "fr" } , { "type" : "literal", "value" : "The Statutes of Kilkenny were a series of thirty-five acts enacted by the Parliament of Ireland at Kilkenny in 1366, aiming to curb the decline of the Hiberno-Norman Lordship of Ireland." , "lang" : "en" } , { "type" : "literal", "value" : "Los Estatutos de Kilkenny consist\u00EDan en una serie de treinta y cinco actas judiciales que fueron aprobadas en el a\u00F1o 1366 por el parlamento ingl\u00E9s en la ciudad de Kilkenny, en la isla de Irlanda.\u200B Estaban destinadas a gestionar el declive del Se\u00F1or\u00EDo irland\u00E9s Hiberno-normando mediante la prohibici\u00F3n de la exogamia entre nativos con colonos ingleses, as\u00ED como la adopci\u00F3n de costumbres y vestimentas propias de los nativos de la isla de Irlanda entre otras cosas." , "lang" : "es" } , { "type" : "literal", "value" : "\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0442 \u041A\u0456\u043B\u043A\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0456 \u2014 \u043D\u0438\u0437\u043A\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043A\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0456\u043D\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043D\u0456\u0432, \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0439\u043D\u044F\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0443 1367 \u0440\u043E\u0446\u0456 \u043F\u0430\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u043E\u043C \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0406\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0456\u044F \u2014 \u043C\u0430\u0440\u0456\u043E\u043D\u0435\u0442\u043A\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u0435\u043C \u044F\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u044C \u0410\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0457. \u041D\u0430 \u0442\u043E\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u0435\u043C \u0410\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0457 \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u0415\u0434\u0443\u0430\u0440\u0434 \u0406\u0406\u0406. \u041D\u0430 \u0442\u043E\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456 \u0432\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0434\u0456\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0432 \u0406\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0456\u0457 \u0441\u0438\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E \u0437\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0448\u0438\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044C \u2014 \u0456\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456 \u043A\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0432\u043E\u0439\u043E\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u0456\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456 \u0437\u0435\u043C\u043B\u0456 \u0432 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u043E-\u043D\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0444\u0435\u043E\u0434\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u043B\u043E\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0456\u0432. \u041D\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0434\u043A\u0438 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u043E-\u043D\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0444\u0435\u043E\u0434\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0432, \u0449\u043E \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043E\u044E\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u0406\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0456\u044E \u0432 1169 \u0440\u043E\u0446\u0456 \u043F\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044F \u0437 \u0456\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0446\u044F\u043C\u0438, \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0439\u043D\u044F\u043B\u0438 \u0456\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0443 \u043C\u043E\u0432\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0457 \u0456 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u043F\u043E \u0441\u0443\u0442\u0456 \u043D\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043B\u0435\u0436\u043D\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u044F \u0410\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0457 \u0431\u0430\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0430\u043C\u0438. \u0412\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u044F \u0410\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0457 \u043E\u0431\u043C\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u044C \u041F\u0435\u0439\u043B\u043E\u043C \u2014 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u044E \u043A\u043E\u043B\u043E\u043D\u0456\u0454\u044E \u0432 \u0406\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0456\u0457 \u2014 \u043D\u0435\u0432\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043A\u043E\u044E \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0456\u0454\u044E \u043D\u0430\u0432\u043A\u043E\u043B\u043E \u0414\u0443\u0431\u043B\u0456\u043D\u0430 \u043D\u0430 \u044F\u043A\u0443 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456\u0439\u043D\u043E \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u043D\u0435\u043F\u043E\u043A\u0456\u0440\u043D\u0456 \u0456\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456 \u043A\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0438 \u0456 \u0432\u0438\u043C\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u0441\u043F\u043B\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u00AB\u0447\u043E\u0440\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0440\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0438\u00BB \u2014 \u0434\u0430\u043D\u0438\u043D\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u043C\u0438\u0440\u043D\u0435 \u0456\u0441\u043D\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F. \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0442 \u041A\u0456\u043B" , "lang" : "uk" } ] , "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/depiction" : [ { "type" : "uri", "value" : "http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LionelDukeOfClarenceAtWestminster.jpg" } ] , "http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject" : [ { "type" : "uri", "value" : "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Language_legislation" } , { "type" : "uri", "value" : "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Anti-Irish_sentiment" } , { "type" : "uri", "value" : "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:1366_in_Ireland" } , { "type" : "uri", "value" : "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Legal_history_of_Ireland" } , { "type" : "uri", "value" : "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:1360s_in_law" } ] , "http://dbpedia.org/ontology/abstract" : [ { "type" : "literal", "value" : "Les statuts de Kilkenny \u00E9taient une s\u00E9rie de trente-cinq actes pass\u00E9s \u00E0 Kilkenny en 1366 et 1367, dont le but \u00E9tait d'enrayer le d\u00E9clin de la Seigneurie d'Irlande hiberno-normande." , "lang" : "fr" } , { "type" : "literal", "value" : "Lo Statuto di Kilkenny fu una serie di trentacinque articoli emanati a Kilkenny nel 1367, con l'intento di frenare l'allarmante declino della dominazione Hiberno-Normanna sull'Irlanda." , "lang" : "it" } , { "type" : "literal", "value" : "V\u00FDnosy z Kilkenny byly s\u00E9ri\u00ED t\u0159iceti p\u011Bti na\u0159\u00EDzen\u00ED schv\u00E1len\u00FDch v Kilkenny v roce 1366. M\u011Bly v\u00E9st k anglizov\u00E1n\u00ED Irska, p\u0159esn\u011Bji zabr\u00E1nit poir\u0161t\u011Bn\u00ED Norman\u016F v Irsku. Hlavn\u00EDm autorem byl Lionel z Antverp. V roce 1361 byl anglick\u00FDm kr\u00E1lem Edwardem III. vysl\u00E1n jako m\u00EDstokr\u00E1l do Irska. V polovin\u011B 14. stolet\u00ED za\u010Dala b\u00FDt normansk\u00E1 (anglick\u00E1) identita v Irsku vn\u00EDm\u00E1na jako ohro\u017Een\u00E1. Angli\u010Dt\u00ED osadn\u00EDci byli popisov\u00E1ni jako \u201Ev\u00EDce ir\u0161t\u00ED ne\u017E sami Irov\u00E9\u201C, osvojili si m\u00EDstn\u00ED zvyky, od\u011Bvy i jazyk. V\u00FDnosy se v\u00FDslovn\u011B sna\u017Eily zabr\u00E1nit vzniku \u201Est\u0159edn\u00EDho n\u00E1roda\u201C (ani anglick\u00E9ho, ani irsk\u00E9ho), t\u00EDm, \u017Ee mezi anglick\u00E9 osadn\u00EDky znovu prosad\u00ED anglickou kulturu. V\u00FDnosy byly schv\u00E1leny parlamentem, kter\u00FD Lionel svolal v roce 1366. N\u00E1sleduj\u00EDc\u00ED rok opustil Lionel Irsko. V\u00FDnosy zak\u00E1zaly sm\u00ED\u0161en\u00E9 s\u0148atky mezi rodil\u00FDmi Iry a rodil\u00FDmi Angli\u010Dany, anglick\u00E9 p\u011Bstounstv\u00ED irsk\u00FDch d\u011Bt\u00ED, anglickou adopci irsk\u00FDch d\u011Bt\u00ED a pou\u017E\u00EDv\u00E1n\u00ED irsk\u00FDch jmen a irsk\u00E9ho stylu obl\u00E9k\u00E1n\u00ED. Ti angli\u010Dt\u00ED kolonist\u00E9, kte\u0159\u00ED neum\u011Bli anglicky, se museli jazyk nau\u010Dit (pod hrozbou ztr\u00E1ty p\u016Fdy a majetku) spolu s mnoha dal\u0161\u00EDmi anglick\u00FDmi zvyky. Irsk\u00E9 z\u00E1bavy typu hurling byly Norman\u016Fm zapov\u011Bzeny a m\u011Bly b\u00FDt nahrazeny aktivitami jako lukost\u0159elba. V\u00FDnosy zakazovaly rovn\u011B\u017E Ir\u016Fm vstup do anglick\u00E9 c\u00EDrkve. Irsk\u00FDm p\u011Bvc\u016Fm nebo vyprav\u011B\u010D\u016Fm bylo zak\u00E1z\u00E1no p\u0159ich\u00E1zet do anglick\u00FDch oblast\u00ED. Pr\u00FD proto, \u017Ee se st\u00E1vali agenty a vyzv\u011Bda\u010Di, kte\u0159\u00ED se sna\u017Eili vyzv\u011Bd\u011Bt pl\u00E1ny a politiku Angli\u010Dan\u016F. Zpo\u010D\u00E1tku nem\u011Bly v\u00FDnosy p\u0159\u00EDli\u0161 velk\u00FD vliv a irsk\u00E1 kulturn\u00ED identita se \u0161\u00ED\u0159ila, av\u0161ak na po\u010D\u00E1tku 17. stolet\u00ED za\u010Daly b\u00FDt re\u00E1ln\u011B vym\u00E1h\u00E1ny a pomohly vytvo\u0159it \u00FApln\u00E9 odcizen\u00ED dvou \u201Eras\u201C v Irsku na t\u00E9m\u011B\u0159 t\u0159i stolet\u00ED." , "lang" : "cs" } , { "type" : "literal", "value" : "Kilkenny-stadgan inneh\u00F6ll 35 paragrafer och fastst\u00E4lldes i Kilkenny 1367. Syftet var att hejda att engelsm\u00E4nnens kontroll \u00F6ver delar av Irland f\u00F6rsvagades. I stadgan fanns bland annat str\u00E4ngt f\u00F6rbud mot \n* gifterm\u00E5l mellan engelsm\u00E4n och kelter \n* f\u00F6rs\u00E4ljning av h\u00E4star eller vapen till den keltiska befolkningen \n* anv\u00E4ndning av annat spr\u00E5k \u00E4n det engelska Stadgan f\u00F6rnyades flera g\u00E5nger, vilket p\u00E5visar sv\u00E5righeterna att f\u00E5 den till\u00E4mpad. Den innebar inte ett f\u00F6rs\u00F6k att p\u00E5tvinga kelterna engelska seder, utan ist\u00E4llet en str\u00E4van att f\u00F6rhindra n\u00E4ra f\u00F6rbindelser med den keltiska befolkningen." , "lang" : "sv" } , { "type" : "literal", "value" : "Los Estatutos de Kilkenny consist\u00EDan en una serie de treinta y cinco actas judiciales que fueron aprobadas en el a\u00F1o 1366 por el parlamento ingl\u00E9s en la ciudad de Kilkenny, en la isla de Irlanda.\u200B Estaban destinadas a gestionar el declive del Se\u00F1or\u00EDo irland\u00E9s Hiberno-normando mediante la prohibici\u00F3n de la exogamia entre nativos con colonos ingleses, as\u00ED como la adopci\u00F3n de costumbres y vestimentas propias de los nativos de la isla de Irlanda entre otras cosas." , "lang" : "es" } , { "type" : "literal", "value" : "\u041A\u0438\u043B\u043A\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0442 \u2014 \u0440\u044F\u0434 \u0437\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u0432, \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043D\u044F\u0442\u044B\u0445 \u0432 1367 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0443 \u043F\u0430\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u043E\u043C \u043C\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0440\u0430 \u0418\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0438 \u2014 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0418\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0438, \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0430\u044F \u0443\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043B\u044F\u043B\u0430\u0441\u044C \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u0435\u043C \u0410\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0438 (\u041B\u043E\u0440\u0434\u043E\u043C \u0418\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0438). \u0412 \u0442\u043E \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043C\u044F \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u0435\u043C \u0410\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0438 \u0431\u044B\u043B \u042D\u0434\u0443\u0430\u0440\u0434 III. \u0412 \u0442\u043E \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043C\u044F \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0432 \u0418\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E \u0443\u043C\u0435\u043D\u044C\u0448\u0438\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044C: \u0438\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0435 \u043A\u043B\u0430\u043D\u044B \u043E\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0435\u0432\u044B\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u0438\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0435\u043C\u043B\u0438 \u0443 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u043E-\u043D\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0444\u0435\u043E\u0434\u0430\u043B\u043E\u0432 \u0438 \u043A\u043E\u043B\u043E\u043D\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0432. \u041F\u043E\u0442\u043E\u043C\u043A\u0438 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u043E-\u043D\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0444\u0435\u043E\u0434\u0430\u043B\u043E\u0432, \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043E\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0418\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0438\u044E \u0432 1169 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0443 \u0440\u043E\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0432 \u0441 \u0438\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0446\u0430\u043C\u0438, \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043D\u044F\u043B\u0438 \u0438\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u044F\u0437\u044B\u043A \u0438 \u043E\u0431\u044B\u0447\u0430\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u043F\u043E \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443 \u043D\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043C\u044B\u043C\u0438 \u043E\u0442 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u044F \u0410\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0438 \u0431\u0430\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0430\u043C\u0438. \u0412\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044C \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u044F \u0410\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0438 \u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043B\u0430\u0441\u044C \u041F\u0435\u0439\u043B\u043E\u043C \u2014 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u043A\u043E\u043B\u043E\u043D\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0432 \u0418\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0438 \u2014 \u043D\u0435\u0431\u043E\u043B\u044C\u0448\u043E\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u043E\u043A\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u0414\u0443\u0431\u043B\u0438\u043D\u0430, \u043D\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0443\u044E \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E\u044F\u043D\u043D\u043E \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u043D\u0435\u043F\u043E\u043A\u043E\u0440\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u0438\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0435 \u043A\u043B\u0430\u043D\u044B \u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u0443\u043F\u043B\u0430\u0442\u044B \u00AB\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u043D\u0442\u044B\u00BB \u2014 \u0434\u0430\u043D\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u043C\u0438\u0440\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435. \u041A\u0438\u043B\u043A\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043B \u043F\u043E\u043F\u044B\u0442\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043D\u044B \u0410\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0438 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0441\u0432\u043E\u044E \u0432\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044C \u0432 \u0418\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0438. \u0417\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043F\u0430\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0430 \u0418\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0438\u043B\u043E \u0432 \u0433\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0435 \u041A\u0438\u043B\u043A\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0438 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. \u2014 Kilkenny, \u0438\u0440\u043B. Cill Choinnigh). \u0421\u043E\u0433\u043B\u0430\u0441\u043D\u043E \u044D\u0442\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0442\u0443 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043D\u044B \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043F\u0440\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043D\u044F\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044C \u043D\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0418\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0438. \u041F\u043E\u0434 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043E\u043C \u0442\u044E\u0440\u0435\u043C\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0437\u0430\u043A\u043B\u044E\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0437\u0430\u043F\u0440\u0435\u0449\u0430\u043B\u043E\u0441\u044C : \n* \u0433\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044C \u043D\u0430 \u0438\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043C \u044F\u0437\u044B\u043A\u0435; \n* \u0441\u043E\u0431\u043B\u044E\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044C \u0438\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0435 \u043E\u0431\u044B\u0447\u0430\u0438; \n* \u043D\u043E\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0438\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0441\u043A\u0443\u044E \u043E\u0434\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443; \n* \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044C \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u0438\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0435 \u0438\u043C\u044F \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u043C\u0438\u043B\u0438\u044E: \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0434\u043E\u043B\u0436\u043D\u044B \u0432\u0437\u044F\u0442\u044C \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u043C\u0438\u043B\u0438\u044E \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0443\u044E \u2014 \u0441\u043B\u043E\u0432\u043E \u0444\u0430\u043C\u0438\u043B\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043E\u043B\u0436\u043D\u043E \u043E\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044C \u043B\u0438\u0431\u043E \u0446\u0432\u0435\u0442 (\u0411\u043B\u044D\u043A, \u0413\u0440\u044D\u0439, \u0413\u0440\u0438\u043D, \u0411\u0440\u0430\u0443\u043D) \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044E (\u0421\u043C\u0438\u0442, \u041A\u0430\u0440\u043F\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0435\u0440) \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u043C\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043E \u0440\u043E\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F (\u041A\u043E\u0440\u043A, \u0423\u043E\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u043E\u0440\u0434); \n* \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u043C \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0435\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0446\u0430\u043C \u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u043D\u0430 \u0438\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0446\u0430\u0445; \n* \u0438\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0446\u0430\u043C \u0437\u0430\u043D\u0438\u043C\u0430\u0442\u044C \u0433\u043E\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u0438 \u0446\u0435\u0440\u043A\u043E\u0432\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u0434\u043E\u043B\u0436\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438; \n* \u0441\u043B\u0443\u0448\u0430\u0442\u044C \u043F\u0435\u0441\u043D\u0438 \u0438\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0431\u0430\u0440\u0434\u043E\u0432, \u043C\u0443\u0437\u044B\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0442\u043E\u0432, \u0441\u043A\u0430\u0437\u043E\u0447\u043D\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0432; \n* \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0441\u0443\u0434 \u0441\u043E\u0433\u043B\u0430\u0441\u043D\u043E \u0437\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043C \u0411\u0440\u0435\u043E\u043D\u0430 (\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u043D\u044B\u043C \u0437\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043C \u0418\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0438). \u0423 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u043D\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u044D\u0442\u043E\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043D \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0444\u0438\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0432\u044B\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044C \u0437\u0435\u043C\u043B\u0438, \u0438\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0438 \u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u043B\u044B. \u041D\u043E \u0410\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u044F \u043D\u0435 \u0441\u043C\u043E\u0433\u043B\u0430 \u0434\u043E\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0432\u044B\u043F\u043E\u043B\u043D\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u044D\u0442\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0437\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043D\u0430 \u2014 \u0434\u043B\u044F \u044D\u0442\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u043E\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0430\u0441\u044C \u043E\u0433\u0440\u043E\u043C\u043D\u0430\u044F \u0430\u0440\u043C\u0438\u044F \u0432 \u0418\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0438, \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0439 \u043E\u043D\u0430 \u043D\u0435 \u0438\u043C\u0435\u043B\u0430. \u041A\u0440\u043E\u043C\u0435 \u0442\u043E\u0433\u043E, \u0438\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0446\u044B \u043D\u0435 \u043F\u043E\u043D\u0438\u043C\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u044F\u0437\u044B\u043A\u0430 \u0438 \u043D\u0435 \u0438\u043C\u0435\u043B\u0438 \u043D\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0436\u0435\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0435\u0433\u043E \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044C. \u0417\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043D \u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043B\u0441\u044F \u043D\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u043C\u0430\u0433\u0435. \u0415\u0433\u043E \u043E\u0442\u043A\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E \u0438\u0433\u043D\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u0438 \u0432\u043E\u0437\u0431\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u043A\u0430\u043A \u0438\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0446\u044B, \u0442\u0430\u043A \u0438 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0435 \u043A\u043E\u043B\u043E\u043D\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044B. \u041F\u0440\u043E\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u00AB\u0438\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438\u00BB \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u043A\u043E\u043B\u043E\u043D\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0432 \u0438 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u043E-\u043D\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0444\u0435\u043E\u0434\u0430\u043B\u043E\u0432 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0434\u043E\u043B\u0436\u0430\u043B\u0441\u044F \u0438 \u0441\u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E \u043E\u043D\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u00AB\u0431\u043E\u043B\u044C\u0448\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0438\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0446\u0430\u043C\u0438, \u0447\u0435\u043C \u0441\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0438\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0446\u044B\u00BB." , "lang" : "ru" } , { "type" : "literal", "value" : "B'\u00E9 a bh\u00ED i Reachtanna Chill Chainnigh n\u00E1 sraith de ch\u00FAig reachta tr\u00EDochad, rite i gCill Chainnigh sa bhliain 1366, agus ba \u00ED an aidhm taobh thiar d\u00EDobh n\u00E1 srian a chur ar mheath na i dTiarnas na h\u00C9ireann. Bh\u00ED Gall-Ghaeil na h\u00C9ireann deighilte ina dh\u00E1 ndream, 'tiarna\u00ED na dteorann', n\u00F3 na Sasanaigh mheata', agus an dream d\u00EDlis a bh\u00ED f\u00F3s sna bailte agus sna 'Contaetha Umhla'. Den dream d\u00EDlis sin rinne Fear Ionad an R\u00ED, Lionel, (an dara mac an R\u00ED \u00C9adbhard III) taca. B'\u00E9 a sprid si\u00FAd, sprid ainGhaelach, a th\u00E1inig in uachtair i bparlaimint Chill Chainnigh ar an 18 Feabhra 1366. Bh\u00ED an m\u00F3ramh ag lucht na P\u00E1ile agus b'e an dream sin af\u00E9 ndear spiorad ghallda na reachtanna. Seo mar a bh\u00ED an r\u00E9amhraiteas a bh\u00ED leis na c\u00FAig reachtanna tr\u00EDochad;" , "lang" : "ga" } , { "type" : "literal", "value" : "Mit den Kilkenny-Statuten (Statute[s] of Kilkenny) von 1366 bezweckte die englische Krone eine Trennung der englischen Oberschicht von der Bev\u00F6lkerung des eroberten bzw. noch zu erobernden Irland. Die 35 Statuten wurden auf einer Versammlung des irischen Parlaments in Kilkenny unter Vorsitz des Sohns von K\u00F6nig Eduard III. von England, Lionel, Duke of Clarence, erlassen. Im Wesentlichen wurde damit bezweckt, die englische Lebensart von der angeblich barbarischen der irischen Bev\u00F6lkerung zu separieren. Vor allem wollte man der famili\u00E4ren Vermischung des behaupteten Herren- mit dem (ausdr\u00FCcklich so genannten) Feindvolk vorbeugen. Durch die Schaffung m\u00F6glichst unverbundener gesellschaftlicher Sph\u00E4ren sollte der Gegensatz zwischen der g\u00E4lisch-irokeltischen Urbev\u00F6lkerung auf der einen und der Gesellschaft der urspr\u00FCnglich anglonormannischen Eroberer auf der anderen zementiert werden. Auf diese Weise meinte die englische Krone, ihre Herrschaft strukturell abzusichern. Im Verbot allerlei missliebiger Verhaltensformen \u2013 kurios ist u. a. das Verbot des f\u00FCr verderblich gehaltenen g\u00E4lischen Volkssports Hurling (Art. 6) \u2013 zeigt sich hingegen, dass das Ideal der Trennung von Unterwerfern und Unterworfenen in der sozialen Realit\u00E4t l\u00E4ngst von einer gegenl\u00E4ufigen Praxis untergraben worden war. Die Statuten reflektieren somit weniger die soziale und kulturelle Wirklichkeit im sp\u00E4tmittelalterlichen Irland als die Norm." , "lang" : "de" } , { "type" : "literal", "value" : "The Statutes of Kilkenny were a series of thirty-five acts enacted by the Parliament of Ireland at Kilkenny in 1366, aiming to curb the decline of the Hiberno-Norman Lordship of Ireland." , "lang" : "en" } , { "type" : "literal", "value" : "\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0442 \u041A\u0456\u043B\u043A\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0456 \u2014 \u043D\u0438\u0437\u043A\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043A\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0456\u043D\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043D\u0456\u0432, \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0439\u043D\u044F\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0443 1367 \u0440\u043E\u0446\u0456 \u043F\u0430\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u043E\u043C \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0406\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0456\u044F \u2014 \u043C\u0430\u0440\u0456\u043E\u043D\u0435\u0442\u043A\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u0435\u043C \u044F\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u044C \u0410\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0457. \u041D\u0430 \u0442\u043E\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u0435\u043C \u0410\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0457 \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u0415\u0434\u0443\u0430\u0440\u0434 \u0406\u0406\u0406. \u041D\u0430 \u0442\u043E\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456 \u0432\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0434\u0456\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0432 \u0406\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0456\u0457 \u0441\u0438\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E \u0437\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0448\u0438\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044C \u2014 \u0456\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456 \u043A\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0432\u043E\u0439\u043E\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u0456\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456 \u0437\u0435\u043C\u043B\u0456 \u0432 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u043E-\u043D\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0444\u0435\u043E\u0434\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u043B\u043E\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0456\u0432. \u041D\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0434\u043A\u0438 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u043E-\u043D\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0444\u0435\u043E\u0434\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0432, \u0449\u043E \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043E\u044E\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u0406\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0456\u044E \u0432 1169 \u0440\u043E\u0446\u0456 \u043F\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044F \u0437 \u0456\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0446\u044F\u043C\u0438, \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0439\u043D\u044F\u043B\u0438 \u0456\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0443 \u043C\u043E\u0432\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0457 \u0456 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u043F\u043E \u0441\u0443\u0442\u0456 \u043D\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043B\u0435\u0436\u043D\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u044F \u0410\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0457 \u0431\u0430\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0430\u043C\u0438. \u0412\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u044F \u0410\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0457 \u043E\u0431\u043C\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u044C \u041F\u0435\u0439\u043B\u043E\u043C \u2014 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u044E \u043A\u043E\u043B\u043E\u043D\u0456\u0454\u044E \u0432 \u0406\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0456\u0457 \u2014 \u043D\u0435\u0432\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043A\u043E\u044E \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0456\u0454\u044E \u043D\u0430\u0432\u043A\u043E\u043B\u043E \u0414\u0443\u0431\u043B\u0456\u043D\u0430 \u043D\u0430 \u044F\u043A\u0443 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456\u0439\u043D\u043E \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u043D\u0435\u043F\u043E\u043A\u0456\u0440\u043D\u0456 \u0456\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456 \u043A\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0438 \u0456 \u0432\u0438\u043C\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u0441\u043F\u043B\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u00AB\u0447\u043E\u0440\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0440\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0438\u00BB \u2014 \u0434\u0430\u043D\u0438\u043D\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u043C\u0438\u0440\u043D\u0435 \u0456\u0441\u043D\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F. \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0442 \u041A\u0456\u043B\u043A\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0456 \u2014 \u0446\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u043B\u0430 \u0441\u043F\u0440\u043E\u0431\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0438 \u0410\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0457 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043E\u044E \u0432\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0443 \u0432 \u0406\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0456\u0457. \u0417\u0430\u0441\u0456\u0434\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u043F\u0430\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0443 \u0406\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0456\u0457 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0431\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043B\u043E\u0441\u044C \u0432 \u043C\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u041A\u0456\u043B\u043A\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0456 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. \u2014 Kilkenny, \u0456\u0440\u043B. Cill Choinnigh). \u0417\u0433\u0434\u043D\u043E \u0446\u044C\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0442\u0443 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456 \u0437\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043D\u0438 \u043F\u043E\u0448\u0438\u0440\u044E\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044C \u043D\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0456 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0406\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0456\u0457. \u041F\u0456\u0434 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043E\u043C \u0442\u044E\u0440\u0435\u043C\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0443\u0432'\u044F\u0437\u043D\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0441\u0443\u0432\u043E\u0440\u043E \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043D\u044F\u043B\u043E\u0441\u044F: \n* \u0440\u043E\u0437\u043C\u043E\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0442\u0438 \u0456\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u044E \u043C\u043E\u0432\u043E\u044E; \n* \u0434\u043E\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044C \u0456\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0457\u0432; \n* \u043D\u043E\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0456\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043E\u0434\u044F\u0433; \n* \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043E\u0431\u0456 \u0456\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0435 \u0456\u043C'\u044F \u0447\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u0456\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0449\u0435: \u0432\u0441\u0456 \u043C\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u0432\u0437\u044F\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043E\u0431\u0456 \u043F\u0440\u0456\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0449\u0435 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0435 \u2014 \u0441\u043B\u043E\u0432\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0456\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0449\u0430 \u043C\u0430\u043B\u043E \u043E\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0430\u0431\u043E \u043A\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0440 (\u0411\u043B\u0435\u043A, \u0413\u0440\u0435\u0439, \u0413\u0440\u0456\u043D, \u0411\u0440\u0430\u0443\u043D) \u0430\u0431\u043E \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0456\u044E (\u0421\u043C\u0456\u0442, \u041A\u0430\u0440\u043F\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0435\u0440) \u0430\u0431\u043E \u043C\u0456\u0441\u0446\u0435 \u043D\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F (\u041A\u043E\u0440\u043A, \u0412\u043E\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u043E\u0440\u0434); \n* \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u043C \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0435\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0446\u044F\u043C \u043E\u0434\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044C \u0437 \u0456\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0446\u044F\u043C\u0438; \n* \u0456\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0446\u044F\u043C \u0437\u0430\u0439\u043C\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u043D\u0456 \u0442\u0430 \u0446\u0435\u0440\u043A\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0456 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0430\u0434\u0438; \n* \u0441\u043B\u0443\u0445\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043F\u0456\u0441\u043D\u0456 \u0456\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0431\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0456\u0432, \u043C\u0443\u0437\u0438\u043A, \u043A\u0430\u0437\u043A\u0430\u0440\u0456\u0432; \n* \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0434 \u0437\u0433\u0456\u0434\u043D\u043E \u0437\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043D\u0456\u0432 \u0411\u0440\u0435\u043E\u043D\u0430 (\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043D\u0456\u0432 \u0406\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0456\u0457). \u0423 \u0432\u0441\u0456\u0445 \u0445\u0442\u043E \u043F\u043E\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0432 \u0446\u0435\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043D \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0444\u0456\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044F \u0437\u0435\u043C\u043B\u0456, \u043C\u0430\u0454\u0442\u043A\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u043B\u0438. \u0410\u043B\u0435 \u0410\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u044F \u043D\u0435 \u0437\u043C\u043E\u0433\u043B\u0430 \u0434\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0433\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044F \u0432\u0438\u043A\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0446\u044C\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0437\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043D\u0443 \u2014 \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0446\u044C\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u043E\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0431\u043D\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u043B\u0430 \u0431 \u0432\u0435\u043B\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0437\u043D\u0430 \u0430\u0440\u043C\u0456\u044F \u0432 \u0406\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0456\u0457, \u044F\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0432\u043E\u043D\u0430 \u043D\u0435 \u043C\u0430\u043B\u0430. \u041A\u0440\u0456\u043C \u0442\u043E\u0433\u043E, \u0456\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0446\u0456 \u043D\u0435 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0443\u043C\u0456\u043B\u0438 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u043C\u043E\u0432\u0438 \u0456 \u043D\u0435 \u043C\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u043D\u0456\u044F\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0431\u0430\u0436\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0457\u0457 \u0432\u0438\u0432\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0438. \u0417\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043D \u043B\u0438\u0448\u0438\u0432\u0441\u044F \u043D\u0430 \u043F\u0430\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0456. \u0419\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043E \u0456\u0433\u043D\u043E\u0440\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u0456 \u043F\u043E\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u044F\u043A \u0456\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0446\u0456, \u0442\u0430\u043A \u0456 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456 \u043A\u043E\u043B\u043E\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u041F\u0440\u043E\u0446\u0435\u0441 \u00AB\u0456\u0440\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457\u00BB \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u043A\u043E\u043B\u043E\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u0430 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u043E-\u043D\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0444\u0435\u043E\u0434\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0432 \u0434\u0430\u043B\u0456 \u0456 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idea 1