About: Dark earth

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Dark earth in geology is a substratum, up to 1 meter (3.1 feet) thick, that indicates settlement over long periods of time. The material is high in organic matter, including charcoal, which gives it its characteristic dark colour; it may also contain fragments of pottery, tile, animal bone and other artefacts. It is interpreted as soil enriched with the sooty remains of thatched roofs from houses without chimneys, with other waste materials. In some areas it appears to give the soil added fertility.

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  • Dark earth in geology is a substratum, up to 1 meter (3.1 feet) thick, that indicates settlement over long periods of time. The material is high in organic matter, including charcoal, which gives it its characteristic dark colour; it may also contain fragments of pottery, tile, animal bone and other artefacts. It is interpreted as soil enriched with the sooty remains of thatched roofs from houses without chimneys, with other waste materials. In some areas it appears to give the soil added fertility. London's dark earth was originally called 'black earth' by archaeologists. It was renamed 'dark earth' because of confusion with the chernozem (black earth soils in Russia), whose dark colour is traditionally (not universally) thought to come from humus, rather than soot. (en)
  • Les terres noires, terme d'archéologie usité depuis les années 1980, désignent d’épaisses couches sombres (généralement d'une épaisseur variant de 0,6 m à 2 m), d’apparence homogène, qui constituent l’essentiel de la documentation archéologique des villes du haut Moyen Âge. Elles s’intercalent entre les stratifications antiques (avant le IVe siècle) et médiévales (après le XIe siècle). Caractéristiques géoarchéologiques de nombreuses zones urbanisées dans l'Europe nord-occidentale de la fin de l'époque tardo-antique, les terres noires ont une origine complexe. Longtemps interprétées comme le témoignage d'une remise en culture des sols et de l'abandon des villes correspondant à image d'un Moyen Âge sombre toujours prépondérante dans l'imaginaire collectif, la recherche actuelle montre la grande diversité de leurs modes de formations liées à la sédimentation urbaine. (fr)
  • Dark earth in archeologia è un orizzonte archeologico, che può raggiungere fino ad un metro di spessore, che indica un insediamento prolungato. Il materiale è ricco di sostanze organiche, incluso il carbone, che gli conferisce il caratteristico colore scuro; può contenere anche frammenti di ceramica, piastrelle, ossa di animali e altri manufatti. Il terreno è quindi arricchito con i resti fuligginosi dei tetti di paglia delle case senza camini e con altri materiali di scarto. In alcune zone sembra conferire al terreno una maggiore fertilità. La dark earth di Londra era originariamente chiamata “terra nera“dagli archeologi. È stata ribattezzata "terra oscura" a causa della confusione con il chernozem (terreni di terra nera in Russia), il cui colore tradizionalmente scuro si pensa derivi dall’humus, invece che dalla fuliggine, benché l'opinione non sia universalmente condivisa. (it)
  • Svart jord kallas de spår som långvarig bebyggelse lämnar i marken. Inom arkeologin är områden med svart jord en god fingervisning om under hur lång tid ett område varit tätbebyggt. Materialet innehåller stor mängd organiskt material, bland annat kol, vilket ger den karakteristiska mörka färgen, och många arkeologiska fynd. I England, särskilt London, förekommer svart jord vid romarrikets bebyggelse. (sv)
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  • Svart jord kallas de spår som långvarig bebyggelse lämnar i marken. Inom arkeologin är områden med svart jord en god fingervisning om under hur lång tid ett område varit tätbebyggt. Materialet innehåller stor mängd organiskt material, bland annat kol, vilket ger den karakteristiska mörka färgen, och många arkeologiska fynd. I England, särskilt London, förekommer svart jord vid romarrikets bebyggelse. (sv)
  • Dark earth in geology is a substratum, up to 1 meter (3.1 feet) thick, that indicates settlement over long periods of time. The material is high in organic matter, including charcoal, which gives it its characteristic dark colour; it may also contain fragments of pottery, tile, animal bone and other artefacts. It is interpreted as soil enriched with the sooty remains of thatched roofs from houses without chimneys, with other waste materials. In some areas it appears to give the soil added fertility. (en)
  • Les terres noires, terme d'archéologie usité depuis les années 1980, désignent d’épaisses couches sombres (généralement d'une épaisseur variant de 0,6 m à 2 m), d’apparence homogène, qui constituent l’essentiel de la documentation archéologique des villes du haut Moyen Âge. Elles s’intercalent entre les stratifications antiques (avant le IVe siècle) et médiévales (après le XIe siècle). Caractéristiques géoarchéologiques de nombreuses zones urbanisées dans l'Europe nord-occidentale de la fin de l'époque tardo-antique, les terres noires ont une origine complexe. Longtemps interprétées comme le témoignage d'une remise en culture des sols et de l'abandon des villes correspondant à image d'un Moyen Âge sombre toujours prépondérante dans l'imaginaire collectif, la recherche actuelle montre la gr (fr)
  • Dark earth in archeologia è un orizzonte archeologico, che può raggiungere fino ad un metro di spessore, che indica un insediamento prolungato. Il materiale è ricco di sostanze organiche, incluso il carbone, che gli conferisce il caratteristico colore scuro; può contenere anche frammenti di ceramica, piastrelle, ossa di animali e altri manufatti. Il terreno è quindi arricchito con i resti fuligginosi dei tetti di paglia delle case senza camini e con altri materiali di scarto. In alcune zone sembra conferire al terreno una maggiore fertilità. (it)
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  • Dark earth (en)
  • Terres noires (fr)
  • Dark earth (it)
  • Svart jord (sv)
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