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- Firearms in Canada are federally regulated through the Firearms Act and related provisions of the Criminal Code. Regulation is largely about licensing and registration of firearms, including air guns with a muzzle velocity of more than 500 ft/s or 150 m/s and muzzle energy greater than 4.2 ft⋅lb or 5.7 J. Handgun registration became law in 1934, and automatic firearms registration was added in 1951. In 1969, laws classified firearms as "non-restricted," "restricted," and "prohibited." Starting in 1979, people who wished to acquire firearms were required to obtain a firearms acquisition certificate (FAC) from their local police agency. From 1995 to 2012, all firearms owners were required to possess a firearms licence—either a possession and acquisition licence (PAL), a possession-only licence (POL), a FAC, or a minor's licence—and all firearms were required to be registered. In April 2012, the Parliament of Canada enacted the Ending the Long-gun Registry Act to eliminate the requirement to register non-restricted firearms. The requirement for all firearms owners to possess a valid firearms licence remained law. A 1996 study showed that Canada was in the mid-range of firearm ownership when compared with eight other western nations. Nearly 22% of Canadian households had at least one firearm, including 2.3% of households possessing a handgun. In 2005, almost 3% of households in Canada possessed handguns, compared to 18% of U.S. households that possessed handguns. Also in 2005, almost 16% of households in Canada possessed firearms of some kind. As of September 2010, the Canadian Firearms Program recorded a total of 1,831,327 valid firearm licences, which is roughly 5.4% of the Canadian population. The four most licensed provinces are Ontario, Quebec, Alberta, and British Columbia. On May 1, 2020, in the wake of a mass killing in Nova Scotia, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau announced that the Government of Canada would immediately ban around 1,500 models of "military-grade assault-style weapons", mostly rifles, via an order in council under the authority of the Criminal Code. In May 2022, Trudeau announced new legislation that would ban the ownership of "military-style assault weapons" in a mandatory buyback program, and impose restrictions banning the sale, purchase, importation or transfer of handguns. The legislation would also limit magazine capacity and ban toys – such as airsoft guns – that look like guns. On October 21, 2022, the Government of Canada implemented a freeze on handgun sales and proposed a gun buyback program. (en)
- Le contrôle des armes à feu au Canada est régi principalement par l'application provinciale de la Loi sur les armes à feu et du Code criminel. S'ajoutent à ces lois différents règlements fédéraux, des lois et règlements provinciaux ainsi que, lorsque les lois provinciales le permettent, des règlements municipaux. La possession d'armes à feu par des civils se limite aux personnes ayant les permis et certifications appropriés. Légalement, l'acquisition d'armes à feu par ces personnes ne peut se faire que pour des motifs de collection ou pour la pratique de la chasse ou du tir sportif. (fr)
- 加拿大槍支政策分為截然不同的兩個派別。一派為反對對個人槍械進行登記，支持擁槍權，另一派則提出需要嚴格的控槍政策。 自從1930年代槍械需要強制性登記起，槍械政策就成為加拿大的一個議題。在過去的幾十年裡，政府立法對持槍者越來越嚴格。1995年至2012年間，所有的槍械都需要登記。 2012年4月6日起，除了魁北克省仍待訴訟結果，非限制槍械在全國其他各省和地區開始無需登記。對槍械的管理在加拿大根據省份的不同，規管的措施也不盡相同。在加拿大中部大部分地區對持槍者和槍械運動進行系統性審查，而在加拿大西部則相對寬鬆一些。一些省份，例如：魁北克，有9號法案來強制性地限制槍械。 加拿大《刑事法典》（Criminal Code）認可使用槍械自我防衛。《槍械法》提供了一個法律框架，當警方的保護被視為不足時，一個人可以獲得，擁有和攜帶限制（特定種類）或禁止類型的槍械來保護其他人。這種情況非常罕見，一個公開的實例如：皇家加拿大騎警為了保障生命安全，例如：從事涉及處理貴重貨物或有危險性的野生動物職位的警員，在受僱期間被授權攜槍。 2020年5月1日，在新斯科細亞大屠殺發生後，總理賈斯汀·特魯多宣布加拿大政府將立即禁止大約1500種的“軍事級攻擊武器”，其中多數是步槍。 2022年10月21日，加拿大总理特鲁多宣布加拿大全国手枪冻结令生效，當天起加拿大全國境内禁止销售、购买和转让手枪。 (zh)
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