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Judith Jarvis Thomson (October 4, 1929 – November 20, 2020) was an American philosopher who studied and worked on ethics and metaphysics. Her work ranges across a variety of fields, but she is most known for her work regarding the thought experiment titled the trolley problem and her writings on abortion. She is credited with naming, developing, and initiating the extensive literature on the trolley problem first posed by Philippa Foot which has found a wide range use since. Thomson also published a paper titled "A Defense of Abortion", which makes the argument that the procedure is morally permissible even if it is assumed that a fetus is a person with a right to life. She was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2019.

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  • جوديث جارفيس طومسون (بالإنجليزية: Judith Jarvis Thomson)‏ هي فيلسوفة أمريكية، ولدت في 4 أكتوبر 1929 في نيويورك في الولايات المتحدة. (ar)
  • Judith Jarvis Thomson (* 4. Oktober 1929 in New York City; † 20. November 2020 in Cambridge, Massachusetts) war eine US-amerikanische Philosophin und Professorin für Philosophie am Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), die sich vor allem als Moralphilosophin und Metaphysikerin einen Namen gemacht hat. (de)
  • Judith Jarvis Thomson (Nueva York, 4 de octubre de 1929-20 de noviembre de 2020)​ fue una filósofa moral estadounidense. (es)
  • Judith Jarvis Thomson (October 4, 1929 – November 20, 2020) was an American philosopher who studied and worked on ethics and metaphysics. Her work ranges across a variety of fields, but she is most known for her work regarding the thought experiment titled the trolley problem and her writings on abortion. She is credited with naming, developing, and initiating the extensive literature on the trolley problem first posed by Philippa Foot which has found a wide range use since. Thomson also published a paper titled "A Defense of Abortion", which makes the argument that the procedure is morally permissible even if it is assumed that a fetus is a person with a right to life. She was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2019. (en)
  • Judith Jarvis Thomson, née le 4 octobre 1929 à New York et morte le 20 novembre 2020 à Cambridge dans le Massachusetts, est une philosophe libérale américaine spécialisée en morale et métaphysique qui a enseigné au Massachusetts Institute of Technology, où elle fut professeur émérite. (fr)
  • Judith Jarvis Thomson (New York, 4 ottobre 1929 – 20 novembre 2020) è stata una filosofa e scrittrice statunitense. Era conosciuta per i suoi studi in campo etico, per la difesa dell'oggettività morale e dei diritti degli individui, per le sue opinioni sull'incompletezza della parola "buono" e per l'uso di esperimenti mentali legati a ragionamenti filosofici. Era molto conosciuta anche in campo bioetico per il saggio "Una difesa dell'aborto", scritto nel 1971, in cui sostiene il diritto di abortire basandosi sul diritto della donna incinta ad avere controllo sul proprio corpo e sulle proprie funzioni vitali, piuttosto che sulla negazione della personalità del feto. (it)
  • 주디스 자비스 톰슨 (Judith Jarvis Thomson, 1929년 10월 4일 – 2020년 11월 20일)는 윤리학과 형이상학을 연구하고 연구한 미국의 철학자이다. 그녀의 작업은 다양한 분야에 걸쳐 있지만 그녀는 트롤리 문제 라는 사고 실험과 낙태에 관한 저술에 관한 작업으로 가장 유명하다. 그녀는 필리파 풋이 처음 제기한 트롤리 문제에 대한 광범위한 문헌을 명명, 개발 및 개시한 것으로 알려져 있으며, 이후 광범위한 사용을 발견했다. 톰슨은 또한 " A Defence of Abortion "이라는 제목의 논문을 발표했는데, 이는 태아가 생명권을 가진 사람이라고 가정하더라도 그 절차가 도덕적으로 허용된다는 주장을 하고 있다. 그녀는 2019년에 미국 철학 학회의 회원으로 선출되었다. "A Defence of Abortion"(1971)은 톰슨이 특히 잘 알려진 하나의 사고 실험을 소개했다. 1971년에 출판된, 낙태에 관한 톰슨의 작업은 역사적으로 Roe v Wade 의 법원 사건과 관련이 있고 그 직전에 위치한다. 이 논문은 독자에게 그녀의 순환계가 그녀의 동의 없이 9개월 동안 생명을 유지해야 하는 유명한 바이올리니스트의 순환계와 연결되어 있다고 상상해 보라고 요청한다. 톰슨이 제기한 가설은 특히 철학적 관심을 태아의 권리에서 임산부의 권리로 전환한다. 특히, 그녀의 주장은 태아가 사람이라는 것을 받아들이고 그 주제를 중심으로 하는 모든 토론을 지나친다. 대신, 톰슨은 여성의 신체적 자율성이 태아의 모든 권리를 대체한다고 주장한다. 이 주장은 그 이후로 널리 논의되어 일부 낙태 반대 단체에서는 낙태가 논의되는 방식을 변화시킨 것으로 받아들여졌다. (ko)
  • Judith Jarvis Thomson (ur. 4 października 1929 w Nowym Jorku, zm. 20 listopada 2020) – amerykańska filozofka moralności. W 2019 roku została wybrana na członkinię Amerykańskiego Towarzystwa Filozoficznego. Zajmowała się tematami etyki i metafizyki. Głównymi obszarami badań Thomson były filozofia moralna i metafizyka. Autorka eksperymentu myślowego , w którym sugeruje, że prawo człowieka do tego, by nie zostać zabitym, może zostać podważone przez prawo innej osoby do kontrolowania własnego ciała, gdy te dwa prawa wchodzą w konflikt. (pl)
  • Джудит Джарвис Томсон (англ. Judith Jarvis Thomson, 4 октября 1929 — 20 ноября 2020) — американский философ-моралист. В 2019 году она была избрана членом Американского философского общества. (ru)
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  • Judith Jarvis (en)
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  • New York City, U.S. (en)
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  • Judith Jarvis Thomson in 2005 (en)
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  • Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S. (en)
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  • Judith Jarvis Thomson (en)
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  • The trolley problem, ethics concerning abortion (en)
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  • جوديث جارفيس طومسون (بالإنجليزية: Judith Jarvis Thomson)‏ هي فيلسوفة أمريكية، ولدت في 4 أكتوبر 1929 في نيويورك في الولايات المتحدة. (ar)
  • Judith Jarvis Thomson (* 4. Oktober 1929 in New York City; † 20. November 2020 in Cambridge, Massachusetts) war eine US-amerikanische Philosophin und Professorin für Philosophie am Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), die sich vor allem als Moralphilosophin und Metaphysikerin einen Namen gemacht hat. (de)
  • Judith Jarvis Thomson (Nueva York, 4 de octubre de 1929-20 de noviembre de 2020)​ fue una filósofa moral estadounidense. (es)
  • Judith Jarvis Thomson (October 4, 1929 – November 20, 2020) was an American philosopher who studied and worked on ethics and metaphysics. Her work ranges across a variety of fields, but she is most known for her work regarding the thought experiment titled the trolley problem and her writings on abortion. She is credited with naming, developing, and initiating the extensive literature on the trolley problem first posed by Philippa Foot which has found a wide range use since. Thomson also published a paper titled "A Defense of Abortion", which makes the argument that the procedure is morally permissible even if it is assumed that a fetus is a person with a right to life. She was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 2019. (en)
  • Judith Jarvis Thomson, née le 4 octobre 1929 à New York et morte le 20 novembre 2020 à Cambridge dans le Massachusetts, est une philosophe libérale américaine spécialisée en morale et métaphysique qui a enseigné au Massachusetts Institute of Technology, où elle fut professeur émérite. (fr)
  • Judith Jarvis Thomson (New York, 4 ottobre 1929 – 20 novembre 2020) è stata una filosofa e scrittrice statunitense. Era conosciuta per i suoi studi in campo etico, per la difesa dell'oggettività morale e dei diritti degli individui, per le sue opinioni sull'incompletezza della parola "buono" e per l'uso di esperimenti mentali legati a ragionamenti filosofici. Era molto conosciuta anche in campo bioetico per il saggio "Una difesa dell'aborto", scritto nel 1971, in cui sostiene il diritto di abortire basandosi sul diritto della donna incinta ad avere controllo sul proprio corpo e sulle proprie funzioni vitali, piuttosto che sulla negazione della personalità del feto. (it)
  • Judith Jarvis Thomson (ur. 4 października 1929 w Nowym Jorku, zm. 20 listopada 2020) – amerykańska filozofka moralności. W 2019 roku została wybrana na członkinię Amerykańskiego Towarzystwa Filozoficznego. Zajmowała się tematami etyki i metafizyki. Głównymi obszarami badań Thomson były filozofia moralna i metafizyka. Autorka eksperymentu myślowego , w którym sugeruje, że prawo człowieka do tego, by nie zostać zabitym, może zostać podważone przez prawo innej osoby do kontrolowania własnego ciała, gdy te dwa prawa wchodzą w konflikt. (pl)
  • Джудит Джарвис Томсон (англ. Judith Jarvis Thomson, 4 октября 1929 — 20 ноября 2020) — американский философ-моралист. В 2019 году она была избрана членом Американского философского общества. (ru)
rdfs:label
  • جوديث جارفيس طومسون (ar)
  • Judith Jarvis Thomson (de)
  • Judith Jarvis Thomson (es)
  • Judith Jarvis Thomson (fr)
  • Judith Jarvis Thomson (en)
  • Judith Jarvis Thomson (it)
  • 주디스 자비스 톰슨 (ko)
  • Judith Jarvis Thomson (pl)
  • Джарвис Томсон, Джудит (ru)
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