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The Medicine Lodge Treaty is the overall name for three treaties signed near Medicine Lodge, Kansas, between the Federal government of the United States and southern Plains Indian tribes in October 1867, intended to bring peace to the area by relocating the Native Americans to reservations in Indian Territory and away from European-American settlement. The treaty was negotiated after investigation by the Indian Peace Commission, which in its final report in 1868 concluded that the wars had been preventable. They determined that the United States government and its representatives, including the United States Congress, had contributed to the warfare on the Great Plains by failing to fulfill their legal obligations and to treat the Native Americans with honesty.

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  • Der Vertrag von Medicine Lodge ist ein im Jahre 1867 verhandelter Vertrag zwischen den Vereinigten Staaten und den Indianerstämmen der Crow, Blackfoot, Piegan, Gros Ventres, Sioux, Ponca, Cheyenne, Arapaho, Apachen, Kiowa und Comanche. Obgleich von dem Vertrag meistens im Singular gesprochen wird, bestand er eigentlich aus drei separaten Verträgen, die alle drei im Oktober 1867 unterzeichnet wurden. Der Vertrag teilte den Stämmen bestimmte Reservate zur landwirtschaftlichen Nutzung zu und gestattete ihnen auch, diese zur Jagd zu verlassen. Letztere Klausel wurde bereits 1868 von der US-Regierung außer Kraft gesetzt. Der Vertrag wurde am Ufer am namensgebenden Medicine Lodge River in der Nähe der heutigen Stadt Medicine Lodge im US-Bundesstaat Kansas unterzeichnet. (de)
  • Le traité de Medicine Lodge regroupe sous son appellation trois traités signés en octobre 1867 entre les États-Unis et plusieurs peuples amérindiens du Sud des Grandes Plaines. Le but de ces traités était d'assurer la paix dans la région en déplaçant les tribus concernées dans des réserves en Territoire indien (actuel Oklahoma). Le premier traité fut signé le 21 octobre 1867 avec les Kiowas et les Comanches. Le second, avec les Kiowa-Apaches, fut signé le même jour et le troisième, avec les Cheyennes et les Arapahos fut signé une semaine plus tard. (fr)
  • The Medicine Lodge Treaty is the overall name for three treaties signed near Medicine Lodge, Kansas, between the Federal government of the United States and southern Plains Indian tribes in October 1867, intended to bring peace to the area by relocating the Native Americans to reservations in Indian Territory and away from European-American settlement. The treaty was negotiated after investigation by the Indian Peace Commission, which in its final report in 1868 concluded that the wars had been preventable. They determined that the United States government and its representatives, including the United States Congress, had contributed to the warfare on the Great Plains by failing to fulfill their legal obligations and to treat the Native Americans with honesty. The U.S. government and tribal chiefs met at a place traditional for Native American ceremonies, at their request. The first treaty was signed October 21, 1867, with the Kiowa and Comanche tribes. The second, with the Kiowa-Apache, was signed the same day. The third treaty was signed with the Southern Cheyenne and Arapaho on October 28. Under the Medicine Lodge Treaty, the tribes were assigned reservations of diminished size compared to territories defined in an 1865 treaty. The treaty tribes never ratified the treaty by vote of adult males, as it required. In addition, by changing allotment policy under the Dawes Act and authorizing sales under the and the signed with the Cherokee Commission, the Congress effectively further reduced their reservation territory. The Kiowa chief Lone Wolf filed suit against the government for fraud on behalf of the tribes in Lone Wolf v. Hitchcock. In 1903 the U.S. Supreme Court ruled against the tribes, determining that the Congress had "plenary power" and the political right to make such decisions. In the aftermath of that case, Congress acted unilaterally on land decisions related to other reservations as well. Because of the outstanding issues with the treaty and subsequent government actions, in the mid-20th century, the Kiowa, Arapaho and Comanche filed several suits for claims against the U.S. government. Over decades, they won substantial settlements of monetary compensation in the amount of tens of millions of dollars, although it took years for the cases to be resolved. (en)
  • Trattato di Medicine Lodge (in inglese Medicine Lodge Treaty) è il nome globale dato a tre trattati firmati vicino a Medicine Lodge, in Kansas, tra il governo federale degli Stati Uniti e le tribù indiane delle pianure meridionali, nell'ottobre 1867, intesi a portare la pace nell'area trasferendo i nativi americani nelle riserve del Territorio indiano e lontano dagli insediamenti europei-americani. Il trattato fu negoziato dopo un'indagine da parte della Commissione per la pace indiana, che nel suo rapporto finale, nel 1868, concluse che le guerre erano state prevenibili. Venne stabilito che il governo degli Stati Uniti e i suoi rappresentanti, incluso il Congresso degli Stati Uniti, avevano contribuito alla guerra nelle Grandi Pianure non adempiendo ai loro obblighi legali e non trattando i nativi americani con onestà. Il governo degli Stati Uniti e i capi tribù si incontrarono in un luogo tradizionale per le cerimonie dei nativi americani, su loro richiesta. Il primo trattato fu firmato il 21 ottobre 1867 con le tribù Kiowa e Comanche. Il secondo, con i Kiowa-Apache, venne firmato lo stesso giorno. Il terzo con i Cheyenne meridionali e gli Arapaho il 28 ottobre. In base al Trattato d Medicine Lodge, alle tribù furono assegnate riserve di dimensioni ridotte rispetto ai territori definiti nel Trattato del Little Arkansas del 1865 che le tribù non avevano mai ratificato con il voto dei maschi adulti, come richiesto. Inoltre, veniva modificata la politica di assegnazione ai sensi del Dawes Act e autorizzate le vendite ai sensi dell'Accordo con Cheyenne e Arapaho (1890) e con Comanche, Kiowa e Apache (1892) firmato con la Commissione Cherokee. Il Congresso ridusse ulteriormente il loro territorio di riserva. Il capo Kiowa, Lupo Solitario, intentò una causa contro il governo per frode a nome delle tribù in Lone Wolf v. Hitchcock. Nel 1903 la Corte Suprema degli Stati Uniti si pronunciò contro le tribù, stabilendo che il Congresso aveva "potere plenario" e il diritto politico di prendere tali decisioni. All'indomani di quel caso, il Congresso agì unilateralmente anche sulle decisioni sulla terra relative ad altre riserve. A causa delle questioni in sospeso con il trattato e le successive azioni del governo, a metà del XX secolo, Kiowa, Arapaho e Comanche intentarono diverse cause contro il governo degli Stati Uniti. Nel corso dei decenni, ottennero sostanziali risarcimenti monetari per un importo di decine di milioni di dollari, sebbene ci siano voluti anni prima che i casi venissero risolti. (it)
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  • Council at Medicine Lodge Creek, drawing from Harper's Weekly (en)
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  • 1867-10-21 (xsd:date)
  • 1867-10-28 (xsd:date)
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  • 0001-06-06 (xsd:gMonthDay)
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  • * * Kiowa * Comanche * * Kiowa-Apache * * Southern Cheyenne * Arapaho (en)
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  • Der Vertrag von Medicine Lodge ist ein im Jahre 1867 verhandelter Vertrag zwischen den Vereinigten Staaten und den Indianerstämmen der Crow, Blackfoot, Piegan, Gros Ventres, Sioux, Ponca, Cheyenne, Arapaho, Apachen, Kiowa und Comanche. Obgleich von dem Vertrag meistens im Singular gesprochen wird, bestand er eigentlich aus drei separaten Verträgen, die alle drei im Oktober 1867 unterzeichnet wurden. Der Vertrag teilte den Stämmen bestimmte Reservate zur landwirtschaftlichen Nutzung zu und gestattete ihnen auch, diese zur Jagd zu verlassen. Letztere Klausel wurde bereits 1868 von der US-Regierung außer Kraft gesetzt. Der Vertrag wurde am Ufer am namensgebenden Medicine Lodge River in der Nähe der heutigen Stadt Medicine Lodge im US-Bundesstaat Kansas unterzeichnet. (de)
  • Le traité de Medicine Lodge regroupe sous son appellation trois traités signés en octobre 1867 entre les États-Unis et plusieurs peuples amérindiens du Sud des Grandes Plaines. Le but de ces traités était d'assurer la paix dans la région en déplaçant les tribus concernées dans des réserves en Territoire indien (actuel Oklahoma). Le premier traité fut signé le 21 octobre 1867 avec les Kiowas et les Comanches. Le second, avec les Kiowa-Apaches, fut signé le même jour et le troisième, avec les Cheyennes et les Arapahos fut signé une semaine plus tard. (fr)
  • The Medicine Lodge Treaty is the overall name for three treaties signed near Medicine Lodge, Kansas, between the Federal government of the United States and southern Plains Indian tribes in October 1867, intended to bring peace to the area by relocating the Native Americans to reservations in Indian Territory and away from European-American settlement. The treaty was negotiated after investigation by the Indian Peace Commission, which in its final report in 1868 concluded that the wars had been preventable. They determined that the United States government and its representatives, including the United States Congress, had contributed to the warfare on the Great Plains by failing to fulfill their legal obligations and to treat the Native Americans with honesty. (en)
  • Trattato di Medicine Lodge (in inglese Medicine Lodge Treaty) è il nome globale dato a tre trattati firmati vicino a Medicine Lodge, in Kansas, tra il governo federale degli Stati Uniti e le tribù indiane delle pianure meridionali, nell'ottobre 1867, intesi a portare la pace nell'area trasferendo i nativi americani nelle riserve del Territorio indiano e lontano dagli insediamenti europei-americani. Il trattato fu negoziato dopo un'indagine da parte della Commissione per la pace indiana, che nel suo rapporto finale, nel 1868, concluse che le guerre erano state prevenibili. Venne stabilito che il governo degli Stati Uniti e i suoi rappresentanti, incluso il Congresso degli Stati Uniti, avevano contribuito alla guerra nelle Grandi Pianure non adempiendo ai loro obblighi legali e non trattando (it)
rdfs:label
  • Vertrag von Medicine Lodge (de)
  • Trattato di Medicine Lodge (it)
  • Traité de Medicine Lodge (fr)
  • Medicine Lodge Treaty (en)
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