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- The Battle of the Philippine Sea was fought 19–20 June 1944 in the waters west of the Mariana Islands by elements of the Imperial Japanese Navy's Combined Fleet and of the United States Navy's Pacific Fleet. The battle resulted from the Japanese reaction to the American invasion of the island of Saipan. Instead of attacking the troop transports off Saipan, Admiral Toyoda chose to engage the American carrier forces in what he intended to be the long-awaited “decisive battle” that would crush U.S. naval power. The outcome was a disaster for the Japanese Navy. The battle exacted a terrible toll from the Japanese naval air arm, costing them most of their few remaining experienced pilots. The Combined Fleet was no longer capable of serious offensive operations after this engagement. Historian Samuel Eliot Morison characterized it this way: This was the greatest carrier battle of the war. The forces engaged were three to four times those in preceding actions like Midway, and victory was so complete that the Japanese could never again engage on such a scale. ... above all the skill, initiative, and intrepid courage of the young aviators made this day one of the high points in the history of the American spirit. Since the Japanese assumed the tactical offensive, their forces are listed first. (en)
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- Adm. Chester W. Nimitz (en)
- Vice Adm. Raymond A. Spruance (en)
- After World War II (en)
- Before World War II (en)
- Vice Adm. Marc A. Mitscher (en)
- Adm. Soemu Toyoda (en)
- Curtiss SB2C Helldiver dive bombers (en)
- Grumman F6F Hellcat fighters (en)
- Grumman TBF Avenger torpedo bomber (en)
- Iowa at anchor in Algeria (en)
- North Carolina underway (en)
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- IJ Combined Fleet and US Pacific Fleet Commanders (en)
- Fast battleships (en)
- Destroyer Bagley (en)
- Fleet and Fast Carrier commanders (en)
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- Adm_Chester_Nimitz-1942.jpg (en)
- Ray_Spruance.jpg (en)
- Vice Admiral Marc A. Mitscher during World War II .jpg (en)
- BagleyDD386.jpg (en)
- Toyoda_Soemu.JPG (en)
- Hellcat-1.jpg (en)
- SB2C_Helldiver_1943.jpg (en)
- TBF dropping torpedo NAN2-2-44.jpg (en)
- USS Bagley before World War II.jpg (en)
- USS North Carolina BB-55.jpg (en)
- USS_Iowa_1943.jpg (en)
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- The Battle of the Philippine Sea was fought 19–20 June 1944 in the waters west of the Mariana Islands by elements of the Imperial Japanese Navy's Combined Fleet and of the United States Navy's Pacific Fleet. The battle resulted from the Japanese reaction to the American invasion of the island of Saipan. Instead of attacking the troop transports off Saipan, Admiral Toyoda chose to engage the American carrier forces in what he intended to be the long-awaited “decisive battle” that would crush U.S. naval power. Since the Japanese assumed the tactical offensive, their forces are listed first. (en)
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- Philippine Sea order of battle (en)
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