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Review
. 2008 May 7;14(17):2650-61.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.14.2650.

Meta-analysis of probiotics for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome

Lynne V McFarland  1 , Sascha Dublin
Affiliations
Review

Meta-analysis of probiotics for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome

Lynne V McFarland et al. World J Gastroenterol. .

Abstract

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic condition affecting 3%-25% of the general population. As no curative treatment is available, therapy is aimed at reducing symptoms, often with little success. Because alteration of the normal intestinal microflora has been observed in IBS, probiotics (beneficial microbes taken to improve health) may be useful in reducing symptoms. This paper systematically reviews randomized, controlled, blinded trials of probiotics for the treatment of IBS and synthesizes data on efficacy across trials of adequate quality. PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, NIH registry of clinical trials, metaRegister, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from 1982-2007. We also conducted secondary searches of reference lists, reviews, commentaries, relevant articles on associated diseases, books and meeting abstracts. Twenty trials with 23 probiotic treatment arms and a total of 1404 subjects met inclusion criteria. Probiotic use was associated with improvement in global IBS symptoms compared to placebo [pooled relative risk (RR pooled) 0.77, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.62-0.94]. Probiotics were also associated with less abdominal pain compared to placebo [RR pooled = 0.78 (0.69-0.88)]. Too few studies reported data on other IBS symptoms or on specific probiotic strains to allow estimation of a pooled RR. While our analyses suggest that probiotic use may be associated with improvement in IBS symptoms compared to placebo, these results should be interpreted with caution, given the methodological limitations of contributing studies. Probiotics warrant further study as a potential therapy for IBS.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
QUOROM flow diagram of included and excluded studies of probiotics for the treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Number of randomized patients in 20 randomized, controlled clinical trials of probiotics for the treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Forest Plot of randomized controlled trials of 14 treatment arms from 12 studies measuring relative risk of IBS symptoms after probiotic treatment compared to placebo. X-axis is relative risk, with black dot indicating the relative risk, line indicating 95% confidence interval and the size of the grey box proportional to sample size.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Funnel plots of randomized controlled trials for examining presence of IBS symptoms with probiotic or placebo treatments. RR: Relative risk of global IBS symptoms; s.e. of RR: Standard error of relative risk, an indicator of sample size.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Forest plot of randomized controlled trials of 12 treatment arms from 10 studies measuring relative risk of abdominal pain after treatment with a probiotic compared to placebo. The X-axis depicts relative risk, with black dot indicating the relative risk, line indicating 95% CI and the size of the grey box proportional to sample size.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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