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. 2020 May 7;5(19):10696-10703.
doi: 10.1021/acsomega.9b04199. eCollection 2020 May 19.

Dual-Surfactant-Capped Ag Nanoparticles as a Highly Selective and Sensitive Colorimetric Sensor for Citrate Detection

Samy M Shaban  1   2 , Jun Young Lee  1 , Dong-Hwan Kim  1   2
Affiliations

Dual-Surfactant-Capped Ag Nanoparticles as a Highly Selective and Sensitive Colorimetric Sensor for Citrate Detection

Samy M Shaban et al. ACS Omega. .

Erratum in

Abstract

A colorimetric sensor for the detection of citrate ions is reported here using dual-surfactant-capped Ag nanoparticles (dual-AgNP sensor). A mixture of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and a newly prepared gemini nonionic (GFEO) surfactant was used as a capping agent to synthesize dual-surfactant-capped Ag NPs for selective and sensitive citrate detection. The GFEO surfactant was designed with a specific chemical structure to provide strong binding with citrate for selective and sensitive detection. The developed dual-AgNP sensor showed extremely high selectivity toward citrate even in the presence of interfering species. Quantitative detection of citrate was carried out based on the changes in UV-vis absorbance and naked-eye readout. After optimization, the dual-AgNP sensor exhibited a visual detection limit of 25 μM and a low limit of detection of 4.05 nM with a UV-vis spectrometer. The developed citrate sensor performed well with a urine sample, with a high recovery of 99.6%. The prepared solution sensor was constructed on a paper-based analytical device.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing financial interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
SEM image (top), particle size distribution (middle), and UV–vis spectrum (bottom) of the as-prepared (a) CTAB-AgNPs, (b) GFEO-AgNPs, and (c) dual-AgNP sensor.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(a) UV–vis spectra of the dual AgNP sensor probe for varying amounts of citrate anions in distilled water, (b) the corresponding standard calibration, and (c) photos demonstrating the visual detection of citrate.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Schematic representation of the citrate-induced AgNP aggregation of the prepared dual AgNP sensor.
Figure 4
Figure 4
UV–vis response of the dual-AgNP sensor with (a) various metal cations (the inset figure refers to color selectivity) and (b) various anions (the inset figure refers to color selectivity). (c) UV–vis response of the dual-AgNP sensor with different concentrations of citrate in tap water (the inset figure refers to the color change with citrate in the copresence of different cations and anions present in tap water) and (d) the corresponding linear calibration curve between Δλ530 and the citrate concentration (n = 3) in tap water.
Figure 5
Figure 5
(a) UV–vis spectra of the paper-based dual-AgNP sensor with different concentrations of citrate (10–1000 μM), (b) linear calibration between Δλ585 and the citrate concentration, and (c) photo demonstrating the visual detection of citrate using paper-based dual-AgNPs.
Figure 6
Figure 6
(a) UV–vis spectra of the dual-AgNP sensor with different amounts of spiked citrate in urine (concentration of the zero-spiked sample: 11.4 μM), (b) the linear standard calibration change at Δλ530 of the dual-AgNP sensor, and (c) photo of the visual detection of citrate in urine.
Scheme 1
Scheme 1. Reaction Pathway of the Gemini Nonionic Surfactant (GFEO)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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