{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,7]],"date-time":"2024-06-07T07:48:45Z","timestamp":1717746525909},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,27]],"date-time":"2023-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018YFE0106500","2022YFF0801804"],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"CHINA WATERSENSE","award":["8087-00002B"]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Soil moisture is a key parameter in hydrological research and drought management. The inversion of soil moisture based on land surface temperature (LST) and NDVI triangular feature spaces has been widely used in various studies. Remote sensing provides regional LST data with coarse spatial resolutions which are insufficient for field scale (tens of meters). In this study, we bridged the data gap by adopting a Data Mining Sharpener algorithm to downscale MODIS thermal data with Vis-NIR imagery from Sentinel-2. To evaluate the downscaling algorithm, an unmanned aerial system (UAS) equipped with a thermal sensor was used to capture the ultra-fine resolution LST at three sites in the Tang River Basin in China. The obtained fine-resolution LST data were then used to calculate the Temperature Vegetation Dryness Index (TVDI) for soil moisture monitoring. Results indicated that downscaled LST data from satellites showed spatial patterns similar to UAS-measured LST, although discrepancies still existed. Based on the fine-resolution LST data, a 10-m resolution TVDI map was generated. Significant negative correlations were observed between the TVDI and in-situ soil moisture measurements (Pearson\u2019s r of \u22120.67 and \u22120.71). Overall, the fine-resolution TVDI derived from the downscaled LST has a high potential for capturing spatial soil moisture variation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs15030744","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]],"date-time":"2023-01-30T15:19:28Z","timestamp":1675091968000},"page":"744","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Assessing the Potential of 10-m Resolution TVDI Based on Downscaled LST to Monitor Soil Moisture in Tang River Basin, China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7278-7274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lin","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"},{"name":"Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4546-4960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suxia","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"},{"name":"Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"},{"name":"College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3830-6083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xingguo","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"},{"name":"Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"},{"name":"College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"}]},{"given":"Shi","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"}]},{"given":"Haowei","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"}]},{"given":"Chaoshuai","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"},{"name":"Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}]},{"given":"Sune","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Drone Systems, 8210 Aarhus, Denmark"}]},{"given":"Henrik","family":"Grosen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Drone Systems, 8210 Aarhus, Denmark"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9861-4240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Bauer-Gottwein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earscirev.2010.02.004","article-title":"Investigating soil moisture\u2013climate interactions in a changing climate: A review","volume":"99","author":"Seneviratne","year":"2010","journal-title":"Earth-Sci. 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