{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]],"date-time":"2024-08-13T20:09:58Z","timestamp":1723579798434},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,23]],"date-time":"2017-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1492905600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key Basic Research Special Fund of China","award":["2015CB057205"]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["51675210"],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018621","name":"Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IRT13017"],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018621","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Surface characterization plays a significant role in evaluating surface functional performance. In this paper, we introduce wavelet packet transform for surface roughness characterization and surface texture extraction. Surface topography is acquired by a confocal laser scanning microscope. Smooth border padding and de-noise process are implemented to generate a roughness surface precisely. By analyzing the high frequency components of a simulated profile, surface textures are separated by using wavelet packet transform, and the reconstructed roughness and waviness coincide well with the original ones. Wavelet packet transform is then used as a smooth filter for texture extraction. A roughness specimen and three real engineering surfaces are also analyzed in detail. Profile and areal roughness parameters are calculated to quantify the characterization results and compared with those measured by a profile meter. Most obtained roughness parameters agree well with the measurement results, and the largest deviation occurs in the skewness. The relations between the roughness parameters and noise are analyzed by simulation for explaining the relatively large deviations. The extracted textures reflect the surface structure and indicate the manufacturing conditions well, which is helpful for further feature recognition and matching. By using wavelet packet transform, engineering surfaces are comprehensively characterized including evaluating surface roughness and extracting surface texture.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s17040933","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,24]],"date-time":"2017-04-24T17:10:11Z","timestamp":1493053811000},"page":"933","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Using Wavelet Packet Transform for Surface Roughness Evaluation and Texture Extraction"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9675-8147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiao","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China"}]},{"given":"Tielin","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China"}]},{"given":"Guanglan","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China"}]},{"ORCID":"http:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1525-9157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yichun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China"}]},{"given":"Kepeng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2006). 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