فاشيه

فاشيه
فاشيه
ايدلوجيا سياسيه ، وحركه سياسيه
قوميه ، والانظمه الشموليه
بيتكون من	المانيا النازيه
جنب من	اقصى اليمين
	تعديل

الفاشيه (طاليانى: Fascismo), بتضم ايديولوجيه سياسيه قوميه متطرفه و متسلّطه^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4] و ايديولوجيه كورپوراتيه اقتصاديه طلعت فى ايطاليا.^[5] الفاشيين بيؤمنو ان الاُمم و/او الاعراق هما فى صراع دايم و القوى بس هو اللى يقدر يتَنّهُ عايش بانه يبقى صحى, و حيوى, و يحط نفسيه فى صراع ضد الضعاف.^[6]

الفاشيه كانت بتعارض الشيوعيه، و بتقوم على نظام حكومة القله، و سيادة سلطة الدوله المطلقه للطبقه الفاشيه الحاكمه، و الاعتماد على التنظيمات الشبابيه، و تمثيل الطبقات مش الاحزاب. اشتق اسمها من كلمة فاسيس (fasces) اللاتينى، و معناها "عصاية الحاكم" فى عصر الرومان، و كانت رمز للسيطره و الحكم. اتكون الحزب الفاشيستى فى ايطاليا سنة 1919 بزعامة بينيتو موسولينى، و فضل يحكم ايطاليا من سنة 1922 لغاية سنة 1943. فى سنة 1936 اتكونت احزاب فاشيستيه فى المانيا و النمسا و المجر و بولاندا و بلغاريا و اليونان و اليابان، و اتأثرت النازى فى المانيا و الفالانج فى اسبانيا بالفاشيه. فى انجلترا اتمثلت الفاشيه بالسير اوزوالد موزلى.

شوف كمان

بينيتو موسولينى

ملاحظات

↑ Girvin, Brian. The Right in the Twentieth Century. Pinter, 1994. Pp. 83. Describes fascism as an "anti-liberal radical authoritarian nationalist movement".
↑ Turner, Henry Ashby. Reappraisals of Fascism. New Viewpoints, 1975. Pp. 162. States fascism's "goals of radical and authoritarian nationalism".
↑ Payne, Stanley. Fascism in Spain, 1923-1977. Univ of Wisconsin Press, 1992. Pp. 43. Payne describes Spanish fascist José Antonio Primo de Rivera's objectives, saying "Young José Antonio's primary political passion was and would long remain the vindication of his father's work, which he was now trying to conceptualize in a radical, authoritarian nationalist form."
↑ Larsen, Stein Ugelvik; Hagtvet, Bernt; Myklebust, Jan Petter. Who were the Fascists: social roots of European Fascism. Pp. 424. This reference calls fascism an "organized form of integrative radical nationalist authoritarianism".
↑ E.g. Noel O'Sullivan's five major themes of fascism are: corporatism, revolution, the leader principle, messianic faith, and autarky. The Fascism Reader by Aristotle A. Kallis says, "1. Corporatism. The most important claim made by fascism was that it alone could offer the creative prospect of a 'third way' between capitalism and socialism. Hitler, in Mein Kampf, spoke enthusiastically about the 'National Socialist corporative idea' as one which would eventually 'take the place of ruinous class warfare'; whilst Mussolini, in typically extravagant fashion, declared that 'the Corporative System is destined to become the civilization of the twentieth century.'"
↑ Hawkins, Mike. Social Darwinism in European and American Thought, 1860-1945: Nature as Model and Nature as Threat. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997. p. 285. "Conflict is in fact the basic law of life in all social organisms, as it is of all biological ones; societies are formed, gain strength, and move forwards through conflict; the healthiest and most vital of them assert themselves against the weakest and less well adapted through conflict; the natural evolution of nations and races takes place through conflict." Alfredo Rocco, Italian Fascist theorist and government minister.

[1] Girvin, Brian. The Right in the Twentieth Century. Pinter, 1994. Pp. 83. Describes fascism as an "anti-liberal radical authoritarian nationalist movement".

[2] Turner, Henry Ashby. Reappraisals of Fascism. New Viewpoints, 1975. Pp. 162. States fascism's "goals of radical and authoritarian nationalism".

[3] Payne, Stanley. Fascism in Spain, 1923-1977. Univ of Wisconsin Press, 1992. Pp. 43. Payne describes Spanish fascist José Antonio Primo de Rivera's objectives, saying "Young José Antonio's primary political passion was and would long remain the vindication of his father's work, which he was now trying to conceptualize in a radical, authoritarian nationalist form."

[4] Larsen, Stein Ugelvik; Hagtvet, Bernt; Myklebust, Jan Petter. Who were the Fascists: social roots of European Fascism. Pp. 424. This reference calls fascism an "organized form of integrative radical nationalist authoritarianism".

[5] E.g. Noel O'Sullivan's five major themes of fascism are: corporatism, revolution, the leader principle, messianic faith, and autarky. The Fascism Reader by Aristotle A. Kallis says, "1. Corporatism. The most important claim made by fascism was that it alone could offer the creative prospect of a 'third way' between capitalism and socialism. Hitler, in Mein Kampf, spoke enthusiastically about the 'National Socialist corporative idea' as one which would eventually 'take the place of ruinous class warfare'; whilst Mussolini, in typically extravagant fashion, declared that 'the Corporative System is destined to become the civilization of the twentieth century.'"

[6] Hawkins, Mike. Social Darwinism in European and American Thought, 1860-1945: Nature as Model and Nature as Threat. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997. p. 285. "Conflict is in fact the basic law of life in all social organisms, as it is of all biological ones; societies are formed, gain strength, and move forwards through conflict; the healthiest and most vital of them assert themselves against the weakest and less well adapted through conflict; the natural evolution of nations and races takes place through conflict." Alfredo Rocco, Italian Fascist theorist and government minister.

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