UROD
Uroporpfirinogen III dekarboksilaza (uroporfirinogen dekarboksilaza ili UROD) jest enzim (EC 4.1.1.37) koji je kod ljudi kodiran genom UROD sa hromosoma 1.[5]
Aminokiselinska sekvenca
urediDužina polipeptidnog lanca je 367 aminokiselina, a molekulska težina 40.787 Da.[6]
| 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MEANGLGPQG | FPELKNDTFL | RAAWGEETDY | TPVWCMRQAG | RYLPEFRETR | ||||
| AAQDFFSTCR | SPEACCELTL | QPLRRFPLDA | AIIFSDILVV | PQALGMEVTM | ||||
| VPGKGPSFPE | PLREEQDLER | LRDPEVVASE | LGYVFQAITL | TRQRLAGRVP | ||||
| LIGFAGAPWT | LMTYMVEGGG | SSTMAQAKRW | LYQRPQASHQ | LLRILTDALV | ||||
| PYLVGQVVAG | AQALQLFESH | AGHLGPQLFN | KFALPYIRDV | AKQVKARLRE | ||||
| AGLAPVPMII | FAKDGHFALE | ELAQAGYEVV | GLDWTVAPKK | ARECVGKTVT | ||||
| LQGNLDPCAL | YASEEEIGQL | VKQMLDDFGP | HRYIANLGHG | LYPDMDPEHV | ||||
| GAFVDAVHKH | SRLLRQN |
Funkcija
urediUroporfirinogen III dekarboksilaza je homodimerni enzim (PDB 1URO) koji katalizuje peti korak u heme biosintezi, što odgovara eliminaciji karboksil grupa sa četiri acetatne strane lanci uroporfirinogen III daju koproporfirinogen III:
Mehanizam
urediPri niskim koncentracijama supstrata, vjeruje se da reakcija slijedi uređeni put, sa sekvencnim uklanjanjem CO2 iz D, A, B i C prstenova, dok se pri višim razinama supstrata/enzima izgleda da je operativna nasumična ruta. Enzim u rastvoru funkcionira kao dimer, a i enzimi čovjeka i duhana su kristalizirani i riješeni u dobrim rezolucijama.
UROD se smatra neobičnom dekarboksilazom, jer vrši dekarboksilaciju bez intervencije bilo kakvih kofaktora, za razliku od velike većine dekarboksilaza. Nedavno je predloženo da se njegov mehanizam odvija kroz protonaciju supstrata pomoću argininskih ostatka.
Klinički značaj
urediPoznato je da mutacije i nedostatak ovog enzima uzrokuju porodičnu porphyria cutanea tarda i hepatoeritropoetsku porfiriju.[5]
Izvještaj iz 2008. pokazao je da je nekatalizirana brzina UroD-ove reakcije 10−19 s−1, tako da je pri pH 10 ubrzanje UroD u odnosu na nekataliziranu brzinu, tj. stručnost, veća negop za bilo koji poznati enzim, 6 x 1024 M−1.[7]
Reference
uredi- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000126088 - Ensembl, maj 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000028684 - Ensembl, maj 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ a b "Entrez Gene: UROD uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase".
- ^ "UniProt, P06132" (jezik: eng.). Pristupljeno 1. 12. 2021.CS1 održavanje: nepoznati jezik (link)
- ^ Lewis CA, Wolfenden R (novembar 2008). "Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylation as a benchmark for the catalytic proficiency of enzymes". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105 (45): 17328–33. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10517328L. doi:10.1073/pnas.0809838105. PMC 2582308. PMID 18988736.
Dopunska literatura
uredi- Elder GH, Lee GB, Tovey JA (1978). "Decreased activity of hepatic uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase in sporadic porphyria cutanea tarda". N. Engl. J. Med. 299 (6): 274–8. doi:10.1056/NEJM197808102990603. PMID 661926.
- de Verneuil H, Bourgeois F, de Rooij F, et al. (1992). "Characterization of a new mutation (R292G) and a deletion at the human uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase locus in two patients with hepatoerythropoietic porphyria". Hum. Genet. 89 (5): 548–52. doi:10.1007/bf00219182. hdl:1765/58484. PMID 1634232. S2CID 31811381.
- Romana M, Grandchamp B, Dubart A, et al. (1991). "Identification of a new mutation responsible for hepatoerythropoietic porphyria". Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 21 (2): 225–9. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1991.tb01814.x. PMID 1905636. S2CID 22358220.
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- Dubart A, Mattei MG, Raich N, et al. (1986). "Assignment of human uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase (URO-D) to the p34 band of chromosome 1". Hum. Genet. 73 (3): 277–9. doi:10.1007/BF00401245. PMID 3460962. S2CID 34478515.
- Romana M, Dubart A, Beaupain D, et al. (1987). "Structure of the gene for human uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase". Nucleic Acids Res. 15 (18): 7343–56. doi:10.1093/nar/15.18.7343. PMC 306252. PMID 3658695.
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- Roberts AG, Elder GH, De Salamanca RE, et al. (1995). "A mutation (G281E) of the human uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase gene causes both hepatoerythropoietic porphyria and overt familial porphyria cutanea tarda: biochemical and genetic studies on Spanish patients". J. Invest. Dermatol. 104 (4): 500–2. doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12605953. PMID 7706766.
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- Mendez M, Sorkin L, Rossetti MV, et al. (1998). "Familial porphyria cutanea tarda: characterization of seven novel uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase mutations and frequency of common hemochromatosis alleles". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 63 (5): 1363–75. doi:10.1086/302119. PMC 1377546. PMID 9792863.
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