Malajci

Malajci (malajski: Orang Melayu; Jawi: أورڠ ملايو) jesu austronezijska etnoreligijska grupa porijeklom iz istočne Sumatre, Malajsko poluostrvo i obalnog Bornea, kao i manjih ostrva koja se nalaze između ovih lokacija. Ove lokacije su danas dio zemalja Malezije, Indonezije (istočna i južna Sumatra, ostrva Bangka Belitung, Zapadni Kalimantan i Riau ostrva), južnog dijela Tajlanda (Pattani, Satun, Songkhla, Yala i Narathiwat), Singapura i Bruneja.

Malajci
Orang Melayu
Ukupna populacija
oko 30.000.000
Značajno stanovništvo u
Malezija (2023 popis)	17.600.000
Indonezija (2010 popis)	8.753.791
Tajland	2.150.950
Singapur (2020 popis)	545.498
Brunej	314.560
Šablon:Podaci o zastavi Arapski svijet	oko 50.000
Australija	33.183
Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo	oko 33.000
SAD	29.431
Mjanmar	oko 27.000
Kanada	16.920
Japan	11.287
Jezik
Malajski jezik
Vjera
Islam
Vezane etničke grupe
Ostali austronezijski narodi

Postoji značajna jezička, kulturna, umjetnička i društvena raznolikost među mnogim malajskim podgrupama, uglavnom zbog stotina godina imigracije i asimilacije različitih regionalnih etničkih grupa i plemena unutar pomorske jugoistočne Azije. Istorijski gledano, malajska populacija potiče prvenstveno od ranijih Austronezijanaca i austroazijskih plemena koji su govorili malajski koji su osnovali nekoliko drevnih pomorskih trgovačkih država i kraljevstava, posebno Brunej, Kedah, Langkasuka, Gangga Negara, Chi Tu, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Pahang, Melayu i Srivijaya.

Pojava Malaka sultanata u 15. vijeku pokrenula je veliku revoluciju u malajskoj historiji, čiji značaj leži u njegovom dalekosežnom političkom i kulturnom naslijeđu. Smatra se da su uobičajeni definitivne karakteristike malajstva – religija islama, malajski jezik i tradicija – proglašeni tokom ove ere, što je rezultiralo etnogenezom Malajaca kao glavne etnoreligijske grupe u regiji. U književnosti, arhitekturi, kuhinji, tradicionalnoj nošnji, izvođačkim umjetnostima, borilačkim vještinama i kraljevskim dvorskim tradicijama, Malaka je postavila standard koji su kasnije malajski sultanati oponašali. Zlatno doba malajskih sultanata na Malajskom poluostrvu, Sumatri i Borneu je rezultiralo time što su mnogi njihovi stanovnici, posebno iz različitih plemenskih zajednica kao što su Batak, Dayak, Orang Asli i Orang Laut, postali islamizirani i malajizirani. Tokom historije, termin "malajski" je proširen na druge etničke grupe unutar "malajskog svijeta"; ova upotreba je danas uglavnom ograničena na Maleziju i Singapur, gdje se potomci imigranata iz ove etničke grupe nazivaju anak dagang ("trgovci") i koji su pretežno s indonezijskog arhipelaga kao što su Ačehci, Banjarese, Bugis, Mandailing , Minangkabau i Javanci.

Tokom svoje historije, Malajci su bili poznati kao obalna trgovačka zajednica sa fluidnim kulturnim karakteristikama. Oni su apsorbirali, dijelili i prenijeli brojne kulturne karakteristike drugih lokalnih etničkih grupa, poput onih Minanga i Ačehaca.

Izvori

• Abd. Rahman Ismail (2008), Seni Silat Melayu: Sejarah, Perkembangan dan Budaya, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, ISBN 978-983-62-9934-5
• Abdulla, M. A.; et al. (HUGO Pan-Asian SNP Consortium) (decembar 2009). "Mapping Human Genetic Diversity in Asia". Science. 326 (5959): 1541–1545. Bibcode:2009Sci...326.1541.. doi:10.1126/science.1177074. PMID 20007900. S2CID 34341816.
• Abu Talib Ahmad; Tan, Liok Ee (2003), New terrains in Southeast Asian history, Singapore: Ohio University press, ISBN 978-9971-69-269-8
• Ahir, Diwan Chand (1995), A Panorama of Indian Buddhism: Selections from the Maha Bodhi journal, 1892–1992, Sri Satguru Publications, ISBN 978-81-7030-462-3
• Ahmad Salehuddin (2009), Serampang dua belas, Tari Tradisional Kesultanan Serdang, arhivirano s originala, 15. 6. 2012, pristupljeno 15. 6. 2012
• Alexander, James (2006), Malaysia Brunei & Singapore, New Holland Publishers, ISBN 978-1-86011-309-3
• Ali, Tongkat (1. 2. 2010). "Negeri Rahman, hilangnya sebutir permata" [State of Rahman, the loss of a gem] (jezik: malajski). Arhivirano s originala, 19. 8. 2011. Pristupljeno 2. 4. 2011.
• Amin, Tarek Abd El-Hamid Ahmed (1995). Anglo-German Rivalry in the Malay Peninsula and Siam, 1870–1909 (MSc). Universiti Malaya. Arhivirano s originala, 25. 9. 2022. Pristupljeno 25. 8. 2020.
• Anderbeck, Karl (2002). Suku Batin – A Proto-Malay People? Evidence from Historical Linguistics. The Sixth International Symposium on Malay/Indonesian Linguistics, 3 – 5 August 2002, Nirwana Resort Hotel, Bintan Island, Riau, Indonesia. Arhivirano s originala, 4. 3. 2016. Pristupljeno 29. 7. 2018.
• Anuar Nik Mahmud, Nik (1999), Sejarah Perjuangan Melayu Pattani, Bangi: Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, ISBN 9789679424430
• Andaya, Barbara Watson; Andaya, Leonard Yuzon (1984), A History of Malaysia, London: Palgrave Macmillan, ISBN 978-0-333-27672-3
• Angahsunan (16. 7. 2017). "Pusaka, Rahsia Dan Dzat Keris". The Patriots. Arhivirano s originala, 23. 9. 2017. Pristupljeno 20. 11. 2017.
• Azmi Arifin (2015), Traditional Malay Pottery of Kuala Kangsar: Its History and Development, School of Humanities and Sciencesm, Universiti Sains Malaysia
• Baer, A. S. (Fall 1999). "Eden in the East, Stephen Oppenheimer. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1998". Book Reviews. Asian Perspectives. 38 (2): 256–258. Arhivirano s originala, 25. 9. 2022. Pristupljeno 24. 8. 2020.
• Barnard, Timothy P. (2004), Contesting Malayness: Malay identity across boundaries, Singapore: Singapore University press, ISBN 978-9971-69-279-7
• Barrington, Lowell (2006), After Independence: Making and Protecting the Nation in Postcolonial and Postcommunist States, University of Michigan Press, ISBN 978-0-472-06898-2
• Bolton, Kingsley; Hutton, Christopher (2000), Triad societies: western accounts of the history, sociology and linguistics of Chinese secret societies, 5, London: Routledge, ISBN 978-0-415-24397-1
• Boyd, Kelly (1999), Encyclopedia of historians and historical writing, 2, London: Fitzroy Darborn Publishers, ISBN 978-1-884964-33-6
• Brown, Keith; Ogilvie, Sarah (2009), Concise encyclopedia of languages of the world, Elsevier Science, ISBN 978-0-08-087774-7
• Burgat, François (2003), Face to face with political Islam (L'islamisme en face), New York: I.B Tauris & Co. Ltd, ISBN 978-1-86064-212-8
• Joseph Norbert Frans Marie à Campo (2002). Engines of Empire: Steamshipping and State Formation in Colonial Indonesia. Hilversum: Verloren. ISBN 978-9-06550738-9.
• Chew, Melanie (1999), The Presidential Notes: A biography of President Yusof bin Ishak, Singapore: SNP Publications, ISBN 978-981-4032-48-3
• Chihara, Daigorō (1996), Hindu-Buddhist architecture in Southeast Asia, BRILL, ISBN 978-90-04-10512-6
• Cikgu Paklong (2017), Tembikar, Scribd, arhivirano s originala, 3. 8. 2020, pristupljeno 22. 11. 2017
• Clyne, Michael G. (1992), Pluricentric languages: differing norms in different nations, De Gruyter Mouton, ISBN 978-3-11-012855-0
• Cœdès, George (1968). The Indianized states of Southeast Asia. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-0368-1. Arhivirano s originala, 23. 1. 2023. Pristupljeno 20. 6. 2020.
• Colling, Patricia, ured. (1973), Dissertation Abstracts International, A-The Humanities and Social Sciences, 33, New York: Xerox University Microfilms, #8, ISSN 0419-4209 (Abstracts of Dissertations Available on Microfilm or as Xerographic Reproductions February 1973)
• Cordier, Henri (2009), Ser Marco Polo; notes and addenda to Sir Henry Yule's edition, containing the results of recent research and discovery, Bibliolife, ISBN 978-1-110-77685-6
• Crawfurd, John (1856). A Descriptive Dictionary of the Indian Islands and Adjacent Countries. London: Bradbury and Evans.
• Deka, Phani (2007), The great Indian corridor in the east, Mittal Publications, ISBN 978-81-8324-179-3
• Devan, Subhadra (2010), New interest in an older Lembah Bujang, NST, arhivirano s originala, 1. 12. 2012, pristupljeno 21. 6. 2012
• Draeger, Donn F. (1992), Weapons and fighting arts of Indonesia, Tuttle Publishing, ISBN 978-0-8048-1716-5
• Economic Planning Unit (Malaysia) (2010), Population by sex, ethnic group and age, Malaysia,2010 (PDF), arhivirano s originala (PDF), 22. 7. 2011, pristupljeno 27. 11. 2010
• Esposito, John L. (1999), The Oxford History of Islam, New York: Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-510799-9
• Europa Publications Staff (2002), Far East and Australasia (34th edition), Routledge, ISBN 978-1-85743-133-9
• Farrer, D. S. (2009), Shadows of the Prophet: Martial Arts and Sufi Mysticism, Springer, ISBN 978-1-4020-9355-5
• Ford, R. Clyde (1899), "Malay Literature", Popular Science Monthly, 55
• Ganguly, Šumit (1997), Government Policies and Ethnic Relations in Asia and the Pacific, MIT press, ISBN 978-0-262-52245-8
• Gerini, Gerolamo Emilio (1974), Researches on Ptolemy's geography of eastern Asia (further India and Indo-Malay archipelago), New Delhi: Oriental Books Reprint Corporation, OCLC 1068575751
• Ghulam Sarwar Yousof (1997), The Malay Shadow Play: An Introduction, The Asian Centre, ISBN 978-983-9499-02-5
• Gibson-Hill, C. A. (juli 1953). "Notes on the old Cannon found in Malaya, and known to be of Dutch origin". Journal of the Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. 26 (1): 145–174. JSTOR 41502911.
• Gopal, Lallanji (2000), The economic life of northern India: c. A.D. 700–1200, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-81-208-0302-2
• Green, Thomas A. (2001), Martial arts of the world: An Encyclopedia., Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO Inc, ISBN 978-1-57607-150-2
• Gulrose Karim, Information Malaysia 1990–91 Yearbook (1990), Muslim identity and Islam: misinterpreted in the contemporary world, Kuala Lumpur: Berita Publishing Sdn. Bhd, ISBN 978-81-7827-165-1
• Halimi, Ahmad Jelani & Pitchai, Mohd Yusoff Mydin (2016). "Setoi (Setul) Mambang Segara Dalam Lintasan Sejarah Negeri-Negeri Melayu Utara". Jurnal Perspektif. 8 (2): 123–134. ISSN 1985-496X. Arhivirano s originala, 16. 9. 2017. Pristupljeno 17. 9. 2017.
• Hall, Daniel George Edward (1981), History of South East Asia, Macmillan, ISBN 978-0-333-24163-9
• Hall, Thomas D. (2017), Comparing Globalizations Historical and World-Systems Approaches, Springer, ISBN 9783319682198, arhivirano s originala, 31. 3. 2023, pristupljeno 27. 10. 2020
• Harper, Timothy Norman (2001), The End of Empire and the Making of Malaya, London: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-00465-7
• Hassan, Hanisa (2016). "A Study on the Development of Baju Kurung Design in the Context of Cultural Changes in Modern Malaysia" (PDF). Wacana Seni Journal of Arts Discourse. Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia. 15: 63–94. doi:10.21315/ws2016.15.3. Arhivirano (PDF) s originala, 22. 12. 2018. Pristupljeno 22. 11. 2018.
• He, Baogang; Galligan, Brian; Inoguchi, Takashi (2007), Federalism in Asia, London: Edward Elgar Publications, ISBN 978-1-84720-140-9
• Henket, Hubert-Jan; Heynen, Hilde (2002), Back from utopia: the challenge of the modern movement, Rotterdam: 010 Publishers, ISBN 978-90-6450-483-9
• Herwig, Holger H. (1980). "Luxury' Fleet": The Imperial German Navy 1888-1918 (1st izd.). London; Boston: Allen & Unwin. ISBN 978-0-04943023-5.
• Hunter, William Wilson; Roberts, Paul Ernest (2010), A History of British India: To the Overthrow of the English in the Spice Archipelago, Nabu Press, ISBN 978-1-145-70716-0
• Husain, M. G. (2007), Muslim identity and Islam: misinterpreted in the contemporary world, New Delhi: Manak Publications, ISBN 978-81-7827-165-1
• Hussin Mutalib (2008), Islam in Southeast Asia, Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, ISBN 978-981-230-758-3
• I Ching (2005), Takakusu, Junjiro (ured.), A Record of the Buddhist Religion As Practised in India and the Malay Archipelago (A.D. 671–695), Asian Educational Services, ISBN 978-81-206-1622-6
• IBP (2007), Brunei Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah Handbook, Washington DC: International Business Publications, ISBN 978-1-4330-0444-5
• Irma Musliana (2016), Kenapa Bilah Keris Bengkok? Sejarah Keris Melayu Yang Kita Tidak Pernah Dengar., arhivirano s originala, 1. 12. 2017, pristupljeno 20. 11. 2017
• Jaaffar, Johan; Hussain, Safian; Ahmad, Mohd Thani (1992), History of Modern Malay Literature, 2, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka & Ministry of Education (Malaysia), ISBN 978-983-62-2745-4
• James, Michael (1994), "Black Belt", Black Belt. Buyer's Guide, Rainbow Publications, ISSN 0277-3066
• Jamil Abu Bakar (2002), A design guide of public parks in Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur: Penerbit UTM, ISBN 978-983-52-0274-2
• Jermsawatdi, Promsak (1989), Thai art with Indian influences, Abhinav Publications, ISBN 978-81-7017-090-7
• Johns, Anthony Hearle; Lahoud, Nelly (2005), Islam in world politics, New York: Routledge, ISBN 978-0-415-32411-3
• Joseph, Suad; Najmabadi, Afsaneh (2006), Economics, Education, Mobility And Space (Encyclopedia of women & Islamic cultures), Brill Academic Publishers, ISBN 978-90-04-12820-0=
• Leyden, John (1821), Malay Annals: Translated from the Malay Language, London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown
• Littrup, Lisbeth (1996), Identity in Asian literature, Richmond: Nordic Institute of Asian Studies, ISBN 978-0-7007-0367-8
• Lockard, Craig A. (2009), Southeast Asia in world history, New York: Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-533811-9
• Lumholtz, Carl Sofus (2004), Through Central Borneo, Kessinger publishing, ISBN 978-1-4191-8996-8
• Majlis Kebudayaan Negeri Kedah (1986), Intisari kebudayaan Melayu Kedah: Kumpulan rencana mengenai kebudayaan Negeri Kedah, Majlis Kebudayaan Negeri Kedah
• Marshall Cavendish (2007), World and Its Peoples: Eastern and Southern Asia, New York: Marshall Cavendish, ISBN 978-0-7614-7631-3
• Marzuki bin Haji Mohd Seruddin (2009), Program Kerjasama Brunei-Malaysia tingkatkan seni Budaya, Pelita Brunei, arhivirano s originala, 5. 8. 2012, pristupljeno 15. 6. 2012
• Matusky, Patricia Ann (1993), Malaysian shadow play and music: continuity of an oral tradition, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-967-65-3048-6
• Maznah Mohammad (1996), The Malay handloom weavers: a study of the rise and decline of traditional manufacture, Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, ISBN 978-981-3016-99-6
• McNair, Sylvia (2002), Malaysia (Enchantment of the World. Second Series), Children's Press, ISBN 978-0-516-21009-4
• Melayu Online (2005), Melayu Online.com's Theoretical Framework, arhivirano s originala, 21. 10. 2012, pristupljeno 4. 2. 2012
• Melebek, Abdul Rashid; Moain, Amat Juhari (2006), Sejarah Bahasa Melayu ("History of the Malay Language"), Utusan Publications & Distributors, ISBN 978-967-61-1809-7
• Miksic, John N.; Goh, Geok Yian (2017), Ancient Southeast Asia, London: Routledge
• Milner, Anthony (2010), The Malays (The Peoples of South-East Asia and the Pacific), Wiley-Blackwell, ISBN 978-1-4443-3903-1
• Ministry of Culture, Singapore (1973), "Singapore: facts and pictures", Singapore Facts and Figures, ISSN 0217-7773
• Mohamad Tajuddin Haji Mohamad Rasdi (2005), The architectural heritage of the Malay world: the traditional houses, Skudai, Johor Darul Ta'zim: Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, ISBN 978-983-52-0357-2
• Mohamed Anwar Omar Din (2011), Asal Usul Orang Melayu: Menulis Semula Sejarahnya (The Malay Origin: Rewrite Its History), Jurnal Melayu, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, arhivirano s originala, 9. 12. 2019, pristupljeno 4. 6. 2012
• Mohd Fauzi Yaacob (2009), Malaysia: Transformasi dan perubahan sosial, Kuala Lumpur: Arah Pendidikan Sdn Bhd, ISBN 978-967-323-132-4
• Mohd. Zamberi A. Malek. (1994), Patani dalam tamadun Melayu, Pendeta Discovery Universiti Malaya, ISBN 9789836241214
• Mok, Opalyn (9. 6. 2017). "Archaeologists search for a king in Sungai Batu". Malay Mail. Arhivirano s originala, 1. 12. 2017. Pristupljeno 28. 11. 2017.
• Moore, Wendy (1998), West Malaysia and Singapore, Singapore: Periplus Editions (HK) Ltd, ISBN 978-962-593-179-1
• Mukerjee, Radhakamal (1984), The culture and art of India, Coronet Books Inc, ISBN 978-81-215-0114-9
• Muljana, Slamet (1981), Kuntala, Sriwijaya Dan Suwarnabhumi (jezik: indonezijski), Jakarta: Yayasan Idayu, OCLC 565235680
• Muljana, Slamet (2006), Stapel, Frederik Willem (ured.), Sriwijaya (jezik: indonezijski), Yogyakarta: LKiS Pelangi Aksara, ISBN 978-979-8451-62-1
• Munoz, Paul Michel (2006), Early Kingdoms of the Indonesian Archipelago and the Malay Peninsula, Singapore: Editions Didier Millet, ISBN 978-981-4155-67-0
• Murdock, George Peter (1969), Studies in the science of society, Singapore: Books for Libraries Press, ISBN 978-0-8369-1157-2
• Na'im, Akhsan; Syaputra, Hendry (2010), Sumarwanto; Iriantono, Tono (ured.), Kewarganegaraan, Suku Bangsa, Agama, dan Bahasa Sehari-hari Penduduk Indonesia – Hasil Sensus Penduduk 2010 [Indonesian Citizens' Nationality, Ethnicity, Religion, and Everyday Language – Results of the 2010 Population Census] (PDF) (jezik: indonezijski), Jakarta, Indonesia: Badan Pusat Statistik [Central Bureau of Statistics], ISBN 978-979-064-417-5, arhivirano s originala (PDF), 12. 7. 2017, pristupljeno 19. 7. 2017
• Niza, Syefiri Moniz Mohd. (10. 6. 2016). "Keris masih simbol paling penting". Utusan online. Arhivirano s originala, 1. 12. 2017. Pristupljeno 20. 11. 2017.
• Noor, Farish Ahmad; Khoo, Eddin (2003), Spirit of wood: the art of Malay woodcarving : works by master carvers from Kelantan, Terengganu, and Pattani, Singapore: Periplus Editions, ISBN 978-0-7946-0103-4
• O'Reilly, Dougald J. W. (2007), Early civilizations of Southeast Asia, Rowman Altamira Press, ISBN 978-0-7591-0278-1
• Ooi, Keat Gin (2004), Southeast Asia: a historical encyclopedia, from Angkor Wat to East Timor, ABC-CLIO, ISBN 978-1-57607-770-2, arhivirano s originala, 16. 1. 2023, pristupljeno 27. 10. 2020
• Oppenheimer, Stephen (2006). "The 'Austronesian' Story and Farming-language Dispersals: Caveats on the Timing and Independence in Proxy Lines of Evidence from the Indo-European Model". u Bacas, Elizabeth A.; Glover, Ian C.; Pigott, Vincent C. (ured.). Uncovering Southeast Asia's Past. Singapore: NUS Press. str. 65–73. ISBN 978-9971-69-351-0.
• Othman, Mohd. Aris Hj. (1983), The dynamics of Malay identity, Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, ISBN 978-967-942-009-8
• Pande, Govind Chandra (2006). India's Interaction with Southeast Asia: History of Science, Philosophy and Culture in Indian Civilization, Vol. 1, Part 3. Munshiram Manoharlal. ISBN 978-81-87586-24-1.
• Pearson, Michael (2015), Trade, Circulation, and Flow in the Indian Ocean World, Palgrave Series in Indian Ocean World Studies, Palgrave Macmillan, ISBN 9781137566249, arhivirano s originala, 31. 3. 2023, pristupljeno 27. 10. 2020
• Ramli, Rashahar (1999). "Bab Dua: Selatan Thailand, Changwat Narathiwat dan Kawasan Kajian" [Chapter Two: South Thailand, Changwat Narathiwat and Study Area] (PDF). Masyarakat Melayu dan penanaman padi di Selatan Thailand : kajian kes di sebuah mubaan dalam Wilayah / Narathiwat [The Malay community and rice cultivation in southern Thailand: a case study in a regency in the Regions / Narathiwat] (Thesis) (jezik: malajski). Arhivirano s originala, 4. 12. 2020. Pristupljeno 25. 8. 2020 – preko Universiti Utara Malaysia Library.
• Razak, Aidila (24 Jan 2012). "Geneticist clarifies role of Proto-Malays in human origin". Malaysia Kini. Arhivirano s originala, 27. 7. 2018. Pristupljeno 24. 8. 2020.
• Richmond, Simon (2007), Malaysia, Singapore & Brunei, Lonely Planet publications, ISBN 978-1-74059-708-1
• Ricklefs, M.C. (1991). A Modern History of Indonesia, 2nd edition. MacMillan. ISBN 0-333-57690-X.
• Ryan, Neil Joseph (1976), A History of Malaysia and Singapore, London: Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-580302-0
• Said, Ismail (2002). "Visual Composition of Malay Woodcarvings in Vernacular House of Peninsular Malaysia" (PDF). Jurnal Teknologi. University Teknologi Malaysia. 37 (B): 43–52. Arhivirano s originala (PDF), 22. 7. 2011. Pristupljeno 15. 1. 2011.
• Sanib Said (oktobar 2012). "Sejarah Awal Kepulauan Melayu:Lima Buah Negeri Warisan Sarawak yang Hilang". CREAM - Current Research in Malaysia. University Malaysia Sarawak. 1 (1): 35–44.
• Said, Ismail (maj 2005). "Criteria for Selecting Timber Species in Malay Woodcarving". Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering. 4 (1): 17–23. doi:10.3130/jaabe.4.17. S2CID 108510191.
• Sarkar, Himansu Bhusan (1970), Some contributions of India to the ancient civilisation of Indonesia and Malaysia, Calcutta: Punthi Pustak, ISBN 978-0-19-580302-0
• Sheikh Shamsuddin (2005), The Malay art of self-defense: Silat Seni Gayung, Berkeley: North Atlantic Books, ISBN 978-1-55643-562-1
• Sneddon, James N. (2003), The Indonesian language: its history and role in modern society, University of New South Wales Press, ISBN 978-0-86840-598-8
• Soares, Pedro; et al. (juni 2008). "Climate Change and Postglacial Human Dispersals in Southeast Asia". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 25 (6): 1209–18. doi:10.1093/molbev/msn068. PMID 18359946.
• Srinivasa, Kodaganallur Ramaswami (2003), Asian variations in Ramayana, Singapore: Sahitya Academy, ISBN 978-81-260-1809-3
• Stearns, Peter N. (2001), The Encyclopedia of World History, 1, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, ISBN 978-0-395-65237-4
• Suryadinata, Leo (2000), Nationalism & Globalization: East & West, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, ISBN 978-981-230-078-2
• Sweeney, Amin (1987), A full hearing:orality and literacy in the Malay world, Berkeley: University of California Press, ISBN 978-0-520-05910-8
• Syed Husin Ali (2008), The Malays, their problems and future, Kuala Lumpur: The Other Press Sdn Bhd, ISBN 978-983-9541-62-5
• Tan, Liok Ee (1988), The Rhetoric of Bangsa and Minzu, Monash Asia Institute, ISBN 978-0-86746-909-7
• TED (1999), Taman Negara Rain Forest Park and Tourism, arhivirano s originala, 9. 6. 2010
• Teeuw, Andries (1959), The history of the Malay language. A preliminary survey, Royal Netherlands Institute of Southeast Asian and Caribbean Studies, arhivirano s originala, 5. 3. 2016, pristupljeno 17. 10. 2012
• Terrell, John Edward (August–October 1999). "Think Globally, Act Locally". Current Anthropology. 40 (4): 559–560. doi:10.1086/200054. S2CID 224792124.
• Tirtosudarmo, Riwanto (mart 2005). The Orang Melayu and Orang Jawa in the 'Lands Below the Winds' (PDF) (Working paper). CRISE: Centre for Research on Inequality, Human Security and Ethnicity. CRISE Working Paper 14. Arhivirano (PDF) s originala, 26. 11. 2020. Pristupljeno 25. 8. 2020.
• Umaiyah Haji Omar (2007). Language and writing system of Bangkok Melayu (PDF). International Conference on Minority Languages and Writing Systems held on 23–26 November 2007 in Beijing, China. Arhivirano (PDF) s originala, 24. 2. 2021. Pristupljeno 15. 6. 2012.
• Umaiyah Haji Omar (2003), The Assimilation of the Bangkok-Melayu Communities, Asian Scholarship Foundation, arhivirano s originala, 18. 9. 2012, pristupljeno 15. 6. 2012
• Van Beek, Steve; Invernizzi, Luca (1999), The arts of Thailand, New York: Tuttle Publishing, ISBN 978-962-593-262-0
• Van der Putten, Jan; Cody, Mary Kilcline (2009), Lost Times and Untold Tales from the Malay World, Singapore: National University of Singapore press, ISBN 978-9971-69-454-8
• Winarno, Bondan (21. 6. 2010). "Gulai Ketam, Asam-Asam Pedas". Detik Food. Arhivirano s originala, 23. 6. 2010.
• Winstedt, Richard Olaf (1925), Shaman Saiva and Sufi (2008 edition), London: BiblioLife, ISBN 978-1-4346-8633-6
• Wolters, Oliver William (1999), History, culture, and region in Southeast Asian perspectives, Singapore: Cornell University Southeast Asia Program Publications, ISBN 978-0-87727-725-5
• Wong, Hoy Kee (1973), Comparative studies in Southeast Asian education, Heinemann Educational Books (Asia), ISBN 978-0-686-60339-9
• Wright, John (2007), The New York Times Almanac 2001, New York: The New York Times Company, ISBN 978-1-57958-348-4
• Wright, Thomas (2004), The travels of Marco Polo, the Venetian: the translation of Marsden revised, with a selection of his notes, Kessinger Publishing, LLC, ISBN 978-1-4191-8573-1
• Yunos, Rozan; Begawan, Bandar Seri (24. 10. 2011). "In search of Brunei Malays outside Brunei". Brunei Times. Arhivirano s originala, 14. 5. 2016.
• Zakaria, Faizal Izzani (3. 9. 2016). "Keris jiwa Melayu dan Nusantara". Utusan online. Arhivirano s originala, 1. 12. 2017. Pristupljeno 20. 11. 2017.
• Zaki Ragman (2003), Gateway to Malay culture, Singapore: Asiapac Books Pte Ltd, ISBN 978-981-229-326-8
• Ziegler, Oswald Leopol (1972), The world and south east Asia, Oswald Ziegler Enterprises, ISBN 978-0-909586-03-4

Dodatna literatura

• "Genetic 'map' of Asia's diversity". BBC News. 11. 12. 2009.
• "Pakaian Tradisi" [Traditional Clothing] (jezik: malajski). Kementerian Kebudayaan, Belia dan Sukan [Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sports]. Arhivirano s originala, 4. 4. 2010. Pristupljeno 20. 7. 2010.
• "Royal and Palace Customs: Dresses For Ceremonies And Functions". Yang di-Pertuan Agong. Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia. Arhivirano s originala, 10. 5. 2011. Pristupljeno 20. 7. 2010.
• Ananta, Aris; Arifin, Evi Nurvidya; Hasbullah, M. Sairi; Handayani, Nur Budi; Pramono, Agus (2013). "Changing Ethnic Composition:Indonesia, 2000–2010" (PDF). XXVII IUSSP International Population Conference. Busan, Korea: International Union for the Scientific Study of Population. Pristupljeno 10. 1. 2016.
• Collins, Alan (2003), Security and Southeast Asia: domestic, regional, and global issues, Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, ISBN 978-981-230-230-4
• Dewaele, Jean-Marc; Beardsmore, Hugo Baetens; Housen, Alex; Li, Wei (2003), Bilingualism: beyond basic principles, Clevedon: Multilingual Matters, ISBN 978-1-85359-625-4
• Hatin WI, Nur-Shafawati AR, Zahri M, Xu S, Jin L, et al. (The HUGO Pan-Asian SNP Consortium) (2011). "Population Genetic Structure of Peninsular Malaysia Malay Sub-Ethnic Groups". PLOS ONE. 6 (4): e18312. Bibcode:2011PLoSO...618312H. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0018312. PMC 3071720. PMID 21483678.
• Loh, Arnold (21. 5. 2016). "Experts disagree on religion practised at ruins older than Borobodur and Angkor Wat". The Star.
• Pogadaev, V.A. (2012), Dunia Melayu (Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapura): Kamus Lingua-Budaya [Malay World (Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore). Lingua-Cultural Dictionary], Moscow: Vostochnaya Kniga, ISBN 978-5-7873-0658-3
• "Sejarah Orang Melayu Sarawak" [The History of Sarawakian Malay] (jezik: malajski). Amanah Khairat Yayasan Melayu Sarawak. Pristupljeno 22. 6. 2022.