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File:Balcha Safo.png

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Description
English: Dejazmatch Balcha Aba Nefso, General of Menelik II; played a decisive role at the Battle of Adwa against Italy.
Date Most likely before 1900. Subject would have been 37 years old in 1900
Source Pankhurst, Richard. Ethiopia Photographed: Historic Photographs of the Country and its People Taken Between 1867 and 1935
Author Unknown authorUnknown author

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Public domain This work is in the public domain in Ethiopia because its copyright protection has expired or it is exempted from copyright by virtue of the Proclamation No. 410/2004 on Copyright and Neighboring Rights Protection, enacted 2004 (details). The work meets one of the following criteria:
  • It is an anonymous, pseudonymous or posthumous work and 50 years have passed since the date of its publication
  • It is a collective or audiovisual work and 50 years have passed since the date of its publication
  • It is a photographic work, and 25 years have passed since the date of its creation (or publication, whatever date is the latest)
  • It is another kind of work, and 50 years have passed since the year of death of the author (or last-surviving author)
  • It is "any official text of a legislative, administrative or of legal nature, as well as official translations thereof"
  • It is "Any idea, procedures, system, method of operation. concept, formula, numerical tables and forms of general use, principle, discovery or mere date, even if expressed, described, explained, illustrated or embodied in a work"
Important note: Works prepared by the Government of Ethiopia and its employees are prepared in a fashion for general news format and noncommercial publication and for public dissemination freely an equivalent to how laws and non-laws at the legislative and administrative ministerial positions are free and public in a general distributable format: and as such copyright laws usually do not legally apply for such a basis
Copyright notes

Copyright notes 		Per U.S. Circ. 38a, the following countries are not participants in the Berne Convention or Universal Copyright Convention and there is no presidential proclamation restoring U.S. copyright protection to works of these countries on the basis of reciprocal treatment of the works of U.S. nationals or domiciliaries:
  • Eritrea, Ethiopia, Iran, Iraq, Marshall Islands, Palau, Somalia, Somaliland, and South Sudan.

As such, works published by citizens of these countries in these countries are usually not subject to copyright protection outside of these countries. Hence, such works may be in the public domain in most other countries worldwide.

However:

  • Works published in these countries by citizens or permanent residents of other countries that are signatories to the Berne Convention or any other treaty on copyright will still be protected in their home country and internationally as well as locally by local copyright law (if it exists).
  • Similarly, works published outside of these countries within 30 days of publication within these countries will also usually be subject to protection in the foreign country of publication. When works are subject to copyright outside of these countries, the term of such copyright protection may exceed the term of copyright inside them.
  • Unpublished works from these countries may be fully copyrighted.
  • A work from one of these countries may become copyrighted in the United States under the URAA if the work's home country enters a copyright treaty or agreement with the United States and the work is still under copyright in its home country.
Ethiopia has enacted a copyright law as published in the Official Gazette (unofficial English (WIPO) translation) which came into force on 19 July 2004.

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current00:41, 20 January 2013Thumbnail for version as of 00:41, 20 January 20132,929 × 3,209 (26.3 MB)Janweh64 (talk | contribs)User created page with UploadWizard

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