%PDF-1.4
%
1 0 obj
<<
/PageLabels 2 0 R
/OpenAction 3 0 R
/Type /Catalog
/Metadata 4 0 R
/PageMode /UseThumbs
/Pages 5 0 R
>>
endobj
6 0 obj
<<
/Creator (PScript5.dll Version 5.2.2)
/Producer (Acrobat Distiller 9.0.0 \(Windows\); modified using iText 2.1.7 by 1T3XT)
/Title (Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity: The New Frontier of Gluten Related Disorders)
/Keywords (gluten sensitivity; celiac disease; wheat allergy; gluten-related disorders; gluten-free diet)
/ModDate (D:20150219144854-05'00')
/Subject <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>
/Author <4361726C6F204361746173736920312C204A756C696F20432E2042616920322C204272756E6F20426F6E617A20332C204765726420426F756D6120342C20416E746F6E696F2043616C616272F220352C20416E746F6E696F20436172726F6363696F20362C2047656D6D612043617374696C6C656A6F20372C204361726F6C696E612043696163636920382C204665726E616E64612043726973746F666F726920392C204A65726E656A20446F6C696E73656B2031302C20527567676965726F204672616E636176696C6C6120392C204C75636120456C6C692031312C20506574657220477265656E2031322C20576F6C6667616E6720486F6C746D656965722031332C205065746572204B6F65686C65722031342C20536962796C6C65204B6F6C65747A6B6F2031352C204368726973746F66204D65696E686F6C642031362C2044617669642053616E646572732031372C204D69636861656C20536368756D616E6E2031382C204465746C656620536368757070616E2031392C32302C205265696E657220556C6C726963682031382C20416E64726561732056E9637365692032312C20556D626572746F20566F6C74612032322C20566963746F72205A6576616C6C6F732031392C20416E6E61205361706F6E6520323320616E6420416C657373696F20466173616E6F2032342C2A>
/CreationDate (D:20130926100611+08'00')
>>
endobj
2 0 obj
<<
/Nums [0 7 0 R]
>>
endobj
3 0 obj
<<
/D [8 0 R /FitH -32768]
/S /GoTo
>>
endobj
4 0 obj
<<
/Length 6109
/Type /Metadata
/Subtype /XML
>>
stream
Acrobat Distiller 9.0.0 (Windows); modified using iText 2.1.7 by 1T3XT
gluten sensitivity; celiac disease; wheat allergy; gluten-related disorders; gluten-free diet
PScript5.dll Version 5.2.2
2015-02-19T14:48:54-05:00
2013-09-26T10:06:11+08:00
2015-02-19T14:48:54-05:00
application/pdf
Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity: The New Frontier of Gluten Related Disorders
Carlo Catassi 1, Julio C. Bai 2, Bruno Bonaz 3, Gerd Bouma 4, Antonio Calabrò 5, Antonio Carroccio 6, Gemma Castillejo 7, Carolina Ciacci 8, Fernanda Cristofori 9, Jernej Dolinsek 10, Ruggiero Francavilla 9, Luca Elli 11, Peter Green 12, Wolfgang Holtmeier 13, Peter Koehler 14, Sibylle Koletzko 15, Christof Meinhold 16, David Sanders 17, Michael Schumann 18, Detlef Schuppan 19,20, Reiner Ullrich 18, Andreas Vécsei 21, Umberto Volta 22, Victor Zevallos 19, Anna Sapone 23 and Alessio Fasano 24,*
Non Celiac Gluten sensitivity (NCGS) was originally described in the 1980s and recently a “re-discovered” disorder characterized by intestinal and extra-intestinal symptoms related to the ingestion of gluten-containing food, in subjects that are not affected with either celiac disease (CD) or wheat allergy (WA). Although NCGS frequency is still unclear, epidemiological data have been generated that can help establishing the magnitude of the problem. Clinical studies further defined the identity of NCGS and its implications in human disease. An overlap between the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and NCGS has been detected, requiring even more stringent diagnostic criteria. Several studies suggested a relationship between NCGS and neuropsychiatric disorders, particularly autism and schizophrenia. The first case reports of NCGS in children have been described. Lack of biomarkers is still a major limitation of clinical studies, making it difficult to differentiate NCGS from other gluten related disorders. Recent studies raised the possibility that, beside gluten, wheat amylase-trypsin inhibitors and low-fermentable, poorly-absorbed, short-chain carbohydrates can contribute to symptoms (at least those related to IBS) experienced by NCGS patients. In this paper we report the major advances and current trends on NCGS.
gluten sensitivity
celiac disease
wheat allergy
gluten-related disorders
gluten-free diet
uuid:80c1cdde-ddd3-43eb-a0d9-3849d0a23091
uuid:16fa6338-0f9c-4398-b976-bae08b871542
endstream
endobj
5 0 obj
<<
/ITXT (2.1.7)
/Type /Pages
/Count 16
/Kids [9 0 R 10 0 R]
>>
endobj
7 0 obj
<<
/S /D
>>
endobj
8 0 obj
<<
/CropBox [0 0 595.22 842]
/Parent 9 0 R
/Type /Page
/Contents [11 0 R 12 0 R 13 0 R 14 0 R 15 0 R 16 0 R 17 0 R 18 0 R]
/Resources 19 0 R
/MediaBox [0 0 595.22 842]
/Rotate 0
>>
endobj
9 0 obj
<<
/Parent 5 0 R
/Type /Pages
/Count 11
/Kids [20 0 R 8 0 R 21 0 R 22 0 R 23 0 R 24 0 R 25 0 R 26 0 R 27 0 R 28 0 R
29 0 R]
>>
endobj
10 0 obj
<<
/Parent 5 0 R
/Type /Pages
/Count 5
/Kids [30 0 R 31 0 R 32 0 R 33 0 R 34 0 R]
>>
endobj
11 0 obj
<<
/Length 539
/Filter /FlateDecode
>>
stream
HtSn0+(њoI4b݂qRGKbj tK.{
.Ѻ(P(^#ʀ."GAfHP# !SQVۄ"<
ǔ[a:vbʧ Ӊţܝa6XPsy spf8gc'l8a $Sd])H.pCqXÆ+˷3wG)
R1D&]zg+^v+#gRyˤXi?0D)aiTP2 E*^qqCs^eں:W?ћ'"d.͉}ѣņ J6ŏVLyju
{]w7s/
;={[h^ùI"qNm;Gx0]usbad,ʶle_vqiPPX%#%2Y(qC4TƲ"lOIsi}]7:J6M]u|A
?v
endstream
endobj
12 0 obj
<<
/Length 425
/Filter /FlateDecode
>>
stream
Hn0I2#ߐwUHN;@T1
mhwYBYHDM]6d*#*D
n'4#s)-oO4eMN=t!28}fDZ.XVU1:s%PiU)!}~],mF~0vlRpI.Y]v<RPzmɬȪ'_:aJϝvY:F)6o]{_IF^H#ifGϧ,|CVS
2'Vau2>)cŌ0