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Polymer-supported metals and metal oxide nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization, and applications

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Abstract

Metal and metal oxide nanoparticles exhibit unique properties in regard to sorption behaviors, magnetic activity, chemical reduction, ligand sequestration among others. To this end, attempts are being continuously made to take advantage of them in multitude of applications including separation, catalysis, environmental remediation, sensing, biomedical applications and others. However, metal and metal oxide nanoparticles lack chemical stability and mechanical strength. They exhibit extremely high pressure drop or head loss in fixed-bed column operation and are not suitable for any flow-through systems. Also, nanoparticles tend to aggregate; this phenomenon reduces their high surface area to volume ratio and subsequently reduces effectiveness. By appropriately dispersing metal and metal oxide nanoparticles into synthetic and naturally occurring polymers, many of the shortcomings can be overcome without compromising the parent properties of the nanoparticles. Furthermore, the appropriate choice of the polymer host with specific functional groups may even lead to the enhancement of the properties of nanoparticles. The synthesis of hybrid materials involves two broad pathways: dispersing the nanoparticles (i) within pre-formed or commercially available polymers; and (ii) during the polymerization process. This review presents a broad coverage of nanoparticles and polymeric/biopolymeric host materials and the resulting properties of the hybrid composites. In addition, the review discusses the role of the Donnan membrane effect exerted by the host functionalized polymer in harnessing the desirable properties of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles for intended applications.

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  1. Sudipta Sarkar

    Present address: Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences, Thapar University, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Environmental Engineering Program, Lehigh University, 1 West Packer Avenue, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA

    Sudipta Sarkar & A. K. SenGupta

  2. Ecole des Mines d’Alès, Laboratoire Génie de l’Environnement Industriel, BPCI Group, 6 Avenue de Clavières, 30319, Alès Cedex, France

    E. Guibal

  3. Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier-UMR 5253-CNRS-UMII-ENSCM-UMI, Matériaux Avancés pour la Catalyse et la Santé, 8 rue de l’Ecole Normale, 34296, Montpellier Cedex 5, France

    F. Quignard

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  1. Sudipta Sarkar
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  2. E. Guibal
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  3. F. Quignard
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  4. A. K. SenGupta
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Correspondence to A. K. SenGupta.

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Sarkar, S., Guibal, E., Quignard, F. et al. Polymer-supported metals and metal oxide nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization, and applications. J Nanopart Res 14, 715 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-011-0715-2

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