The Scroll of the Ancestors (Classical Mandaic: ࡔࡀࡓࡇ ࡖࡈࡀࡁࡀࡄࡀࡕࡀ Šarḥ ḏ-Ṭabahata) is a Mandaean religious text that describes the rituals of the Ṭabahata (ancestors') masiqta, held during the 5-day Parwanaya festival.[1]
| Scroll of the Ancestors Šarḥ ḏ-Ṭabahata | |
|---|---|
| Information | |
| Religion | Mandaeism |
| Language | Mandaic language |
Manuscripts
editCopies of the scroll include Manuscript 42 of the Drower Collection (DC 42), currently held at the Bodleian Library. The scroll was originally transcribed in 1743 and has 834 lines. It is similar to Prayer 170 of the Qulasta, but some names are different.[2]
DC 42 verso, copied at Basra in 1248 A.H. (1832–3 A.D.), contains six texts:[3]
- Šarḥ ḏ-ahaba ḏ-mania b-iuma ḏ-paruanaiia
- Aprišata ḏ-ahaba ḏ-mania
- Šarḥ ḏ-ahaba ḏ-mania ḏ-tarmida ʿu ganzibra kḏ napiq
- Šarḥ ḏ-ṭabahata qria b-šuma ḏ-gabrauʿnta
- Šarḥ ḏ-dukrana ḏ-šumaiia
- Šarḥ ḏ-zidqa brika ḏ-paruanaiia
Ṭabahata Masiqta
editThe Ṭabahata Masiqta, or the "masiqta of the Parents",[4] is held only once a year during the Parwanaya intercalary festival. Priests recite dozens of prayers, prepare 72 faṭiras (small, round, saltless, half-baked biscuits for ritual use) symbolizing ancestors, and also sacrifice a white dove, called ba, which symbolizes the spirit (ruha). According to The Thousand and Twelve Questions, this masiqta cannot be held at any other time other than during the Parwanaya. For a more detailed description of the Ṭabahata Masiqta according to the Scroll of the Ancestors, see chapter 8 in Buckley (2002).[1]
Below is the Qulasta prayer sequence (i.e., order of prayers to be recited) for the Ṭabahata Masiqta, following the numbering in Drower's 1959 Canonical Prayerbook. Some of the prayers involve fatiras that must be signed by a priest, who dips it with four fingers, tips pressed together, into sacramental masiqta oil and signs the fatira with oil three times, from left to right (similar in some ways to the sign of the cross). The masiqta has 3 parts. The first two parts are known as the "Mother Masiqta," while the final part is known as the "Father Masiqta."[1]
| 1st ritual: 60 fatiras |
2nd ritual: 6 fatiras |
3rd ritual: 6 fatiras |
|---|---|---|
| 91 | ||
| 96 | ||
| 79 | ||
| 80 | ||
| 33 | 33 | 33 |
| 81 | ||
| 34 | 34 | 34 |
| 35 | 35 | 1 |
| 75–77 | 75–77 | 75–77 |
| 9 | 9 | 9 |
| 35 | 35 | 35 |
| 36–45 | 36–45 | 36–45 |
| 46–47 | 46–47 | |
| 48 | 48 | 48 |
| 49, signs | 49, no signs at 6th | 49, all 6 signed |
| 50, signs | 50, no signs | 50 |
| 51, signs | 51, no signs at 6th | 51, all 6 signed |
| 52, signs, except for last | 52, no signs at 6th | 52, all 6 signed |
| 53 ("seal of the masiqta") | 53 | |
| 49, with ḏ-abahatan | 49 | |
| 44 | 44 | |
| 54, pihta in hamra | 54 | 54 |
| 55, pihta swallowed | 55 | 55 |
| 56, drinking halalta (rinsing water) | 56 | 56 |
| 57–72 | 57–72 | 57–72 |
| 91 | 91–99 | 91–99 |
| 71 | 70 | |
| 100 | 102 | |
| 71–72 | 71–72 | |
| 80 | ||
| 101–103 | 101–102 | |
| 63 | 63 | |
| 108 | 58 | |
| 3 | 3 | |
| 9 | ||
| 58 | 58 | |
| 65 | 65 | |
| 71 | 76 | |
| 170 ("Tabahatan") | 170 ("Tabahatan") |
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c Buckley, Jorunn Jacobsen (2002). The Mandaeans: ancient texts and modern people. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-515385-5. OCLC 65198443.
- ^ Buckley, Jorunn Jacobsen (2010). The great stem of souls: reconstructing Mandaean history. Piscataway, N.J: Gorgias Press. ISBN 978-1-59333-621-9.
- ^ Morgenstern, Matthew (ed.). "DC 42". The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon. Retrieved 2024-07-27.
- ^ Aldihisi, Sabah (2008). The story of creation in the Mandaean holy book in the Ginza Rba (PhD). University College London.
External links
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