1980 Republican Party presidential primaries

From January 21 to June 3, 1980, voters of the Republican Party chose its nominee for president in the 1980 United States presidential election. Retired Hollywood actor and two-term California governor Ronald Reagan was selected as the nominee through a series of primary elections and caucuses culminating in the Republican National Convention held from July 14 to 17, 1980, in Detroit, Michigan.

1980 Republican Party presidential primaries

← 1976 January 21 to June 3, 1980 1984 →

1,990 delegates to the Republican National Convention
996 (majority) votes needed to win
 
Candidate Ronald Reagan George H. W. Bush John B. Anderson
Home state California Texas Illinois
Delegate count 1,407 250 59
Contests won 42 9 0
Popular vote 7,709,793 3,070,033 1,572,174
Percentage 59.79% 23.81% 12.19%

     Reagan      Bush      Uncommitted

Previous Republican nominee

Gerald Ford

Republican nominee

Ronald Reagan

Background

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As the 1980 presidential election approached, incumbent Democratic president Jimmy Carter appeared vulnerable. High gas prices, economic stagflation, a renewed Cold War with the Soviet Union following the invasion of Afghanistan, and the Iran hostage crisis that developed when Iranian students seized the American embassy in Tehran all contributed to a general dissatisfaction with Carter's presidency; his job approval rating sank to below 20 percent in late-1979 as a result. Consequently, the president faced stiff Democratic primary challenges from Massachusetts Senator Ted Kennedy and California Governor Jerry Brown. A large field of Republican challengers also emerged.

Candidates

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Nominee

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Candidate Most recent office Home state Campaign Popular vote Contests won Running mate
Ronald Reagan   Governor of California
(1967–1975)
  California  
(CampaignPositions)
Secured nomination:
May 24, 1980
7,709,793
(59.79%)
42 George Bush  

Withdrew during primaries

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Candidate Most recent office Home state Campaign

Withdrawal date

Popular vote Contests won
George H. W. Bush   Director of Central Intelligence Agency
(1976–1977)
  Texas  
Campaign
Withdrew: May 26

(endorsed Ronald Reagan, nominated for vice president)
3,070,033

(23.81%)

9

CT, DC, DE, IA, ME, MA, MI, PA, PR

John Anderson   U.S. Representative
from Illinois
(1961–1981)
  Illinois  
Withdrew: April 24

(ran as independent)
1,572,174

(12.19%)

None
Phil Crane   U.S. Representative
from Illinois
(1969–2005)
  Illinois  
Withdrew: April 17
[1]
(endorsed Ronald Reagan)
97,793

(0.76%)

None
Ben Fernandez Special Envoy to Paraguay
(1973)
  California  
Withdrew: March 30

(endorsed Ronald Reagan)
25,520

(0.20%)

None
Bob Dole   U.S. Senator
from Kansas
(1969–1996)
  Kansas  
Withdrew: March 15

(endorsed Ronald Reagan)
7,204

(0.06%)

None
John Connally   Secretary of the Treasury
(1971–1972)
  Texas  
Withdrew: March 9
(endorsed Ronald Reagan)
82,625

(0.64%)

None
Howard Baker   U.S. Senator
from Tennessee

(1967–1985)
  Tennessee  
Withdrew: March 5
(endorsed Ronald Reagan)
181,153

(1.41%)

None
Harold Stassen   Director of the Foreign Operations Administration
(1953–1955)
  Pennsylvania [data missing] 25,425

(0.20%)

None

Withdrew before primaries

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Candidate Most recent office Home state Campaign

Withdrawal date

Larry Pressler   U.S. Senator
from South Dakota

(1979–1997)
  South Dakota January 8, 1980
Lowell Weicker   U.S. Senator
from Connecticut

(1971–1989)
  Connecticut May 16, 1979

Declined to run

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Jesse Helms Jim Thompson Bill Simon Jack Kemp Elliot Richardson Alexander Haig Gerald Ford
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Senator from North Carolina
(1973–2003)
Governor of Illinois
(1977–1991)
United States Secretary of the Treasury
(1974–1977)
U.S. Representative from New York
(1971–1989)
United States Secretary of Commerce
(1976–1977)
Supreme Allied Commander Europe
(1974–1979)
U.S. President
from Michigan

(1974–1977)
November 8, 1978[2] January 23, 1979[3] March 6, 1979
(Endorsed Ronald Reagan)
[4]
September 28, 1979[5] October 16, 1979[6] December 22, 1979[7] March 15, 1980[8]

Speculated Candidates

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The following potential candidates were considered possible candidates to run for the Republican nomination in 1980 by the media, but never stated a preference for or against running.[9][10]

Polling

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National polling

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Poll source Publication date
John Anderson
Howard Baker
George Bush
John Connally
Bob Dole
Gerald Ford
Ronald Reagan
Others
Gallup[11] Aug. 1977 8% 20% 33% 3%
Gallup[11] Apr. 1978 11% 4% 4% 40% 30% 4%
Gallup[11] July 1978 9% 1% 5% 4% 37% 31% 5%
Gallup[11] Dec. 1978 1% 9% 1% 6% 1% 24% 40% 11%[a]
Gallup[11] Apr. 1979 2% 8% 1% 12% 1% 26% 31% 11%[b]
Gallup[11] May 1979 10% 8% 3% 27% 28%
Gallup[11] June 1979 0% 11% 0% 5% 0% 29% 37% 5%
Gallup[11] July 1979 3% 11% 1% 9% 2% 27% 32% 15%[c]
Gallup[11] Aug. 1979 1% 10% 3% 8% 1% 21% 29% 16%[d]
Gallup[11] Nov. 1979 1% 14% 2% 10% 3% 22% 33% 15%[e]
Gallup[11] Nov. 1979 0% 11% 5% 8% 3% 24% 40%
Gallup[11] Dec. 1979 1% 9% 7% 10% 4% 18% 40% 10%[f]
Gallup[11] Jan. 1980 3% 9% 9% 9% 0% 27% 33%
Gallup[11] Jan. 1980 0% 6% 28% 7% 0% 18% 29%
Gallup[11] Feb. 1980 2% 6% 17% 4% 1% 32% 34% 3%[g]
Gallup[11] Feb. 1980 3% 7% 16% 25% 44%
  1. ^ Including 1% for Phil Crane.
  2. ^ Including 2% for Phil Crane.
  3. ^ Including 2% for Phil Crane.
  4. ^ Including 1% each for Phil Crane, Benjamin Fernandez, and Harold Stassen.
  5. ^ Including 1% each for Phil Crane, Benjamin Fernandez, and Harold Stassen.
  6. ^ Including 1% each for Phil Crane, Benjamin Fernandez, and Harold Stassen.
  7. ^ 1% each for Phil Crane, Benjamin Fernandez, and Harold Stassen.

Primary race

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Active campaign Exploratory committee Withdrawn candidate Republican National Convention
Midterm elections Debates Primaries

Ronald Reagan, who had narrowly lost the 1976 Republican nomination to President Gerald Ford, was the early odds-on favorite to win the nomination in 1980. He was so far ahead in the polls that campaign director John Sears decided on an "above the fray" strategy. He did not attend many of the multi-candidate forums and straw polls in the summer and fall of 1979. George H. W. Bush, the former director of the Central Intelligence Agency and chairman of the Republican National Committee, did go to all the "cattle calls", and began to come in first at a number of these events. Along with the top two, a number of other Republican politicians entered the race. In January 1980, the Iowa Republicans decided to have a straw poll as a part of their caucuses for that year. Bush defeated Reagan by a small margin. Bush declared he had "the Big Mo", and with Reagan boycotting the Puerto Rico primary in deference to New Hampshire, Bush won the territory easily, giving him an early lead going into New Hampshire.

With the other candidates in single digits, the Nashua Telegraph offered to host a debate between Reagan and Bush. Worried that a newspaper-sponsored debate might violate electoral regulations, Reagan subsequently arranged to fund the event with his own campaign money, inviting the other candidates to participate at short notice. The Bush camp did not learn of Reagan's decision to include the other candidates until the debate was due to commence. Bush refused to participate, which led to an impasse on the stage. As Reagan attempted to explain his decision, Jon Breen, the editor of the Nashua Telegraph and debate moderator, ordered a technician to mute Reagan's microphone. When the technician refused, Breen repeated his order. A visibly angry Reagan responded, "I am paying for this microphone, Mr. Green [sic]!"[12][13][14] Eventually the other candidates agreed to leave, and the debate proceeded between Reagan and Bush. Reagan's quote was often repeated as "I paid for this microphone!" and dominated news coverage of the event; Reagan sailed to an easy win in New Hampshire.[15]

 
Ronald Reagan delivering his acceptance speech at the Republican National Convention in Detroit, Michigan, on July 17, 1980.

Lee Bandy, a writer for the South Carolina newspaper The State stated that heading into the South Carolina primary, political operative Lee Atwater worked to engineer a victory for Reagan: "Lee Atwater figured that Connally was their biggest threat here in South Carolina. So Lee leaked a story to me that John Connally was trying to buy the black vote. Well, that story got out, thanks to me, and it probably killed Connally. He spent $10 million for one delegate. Lee saved Ronald Reagan's candidacy."[16]

Reagan swept the South, and although he lost five more primaries to Bush—including the Massachusetts primary in which he came in third place behind John B. Anderson—the former governor had a lock on the nomination very early in the season. Reagan said he would always be grateful to the people of Iowa for giving him "the kick in the pants" he needed.

Reagan was an adherent to a policy known as supply-side economics, which argues that economic growth can be most effectively created using incentives for people to produce (supply) goods and services, such as adjusting income tax and capital gains tax rates. Accordingly, Reagan promised an economic revival that would benefit all sectors of the population. He said that cutting tax rates would actually increase tax revenues because the lower rates would cause people to work harder as they would be able to keep more of their money. Reagan also called for a drastic cut in "big government" and pledged to deliver a balanced budget for the first time since 1969. In the primaries, Bush called Reagan's economic policy "voodoo economics" because it promised to lower taxes and increase revenues at the same time.

Results

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Tablemaker's Note:[a]

Date
(daily totals)
Contest Total
pledged delegates
Delegates won and popular vote
Ronald Reagan George Bush John B. Anderson Howard Baker Phil
Crane
John Connally Bob Dole Others Uncommitted
January 21 Iowa
Caucus
[17]
106,608
0 (of 38) 31,348
(29.40%)
33,530
(31.45%)
4,585
(4.30%)
16,773
(15.73%)
7,135
(6.69%)
9,861
(9.25%)
1,576
(1.48%)
1,800
(1.69%)
February 2 Arkansas
District Conventions[18]
12 (of 19) 6 Del. 1 Del. 4 Del. 1 Del.
February 16 Arkansas
State Convention[19]
7 (of 19) 1 Del. 1 Del. 1 Del. 4 Del.
February 17 Puerto Rico
Primary[20]
187,946
14 (of 20) 14 Del.
112,901
(60.07%)
70,025
(37.26%)
2,039
(1.08%)
457
(0.24%)
2,524[b]
(1.34%)
February 26 New Hampshire
Primary
[21]
146,782
23 (of 23) 15 Del.
72,734
(49.55%)
5 Del.
33,304
(22.69%)
14,622
(9.96%)
2 Del.
18,760
(12.78%)
2,633
(1.79%)
2,215
(1.51%)
608
(0.41%)
1,906 WI[c]
(1.30%)
March 1 Iowa
County Conventions[22]
2,902 CDs
0 (of 38) 925 CDs
(31.87%)
1,150 CDs
(39.63%)
64 CDs
(2.21%)
322 CDs
(11.10%)
91 CDs
(3.14%)
127 CDs
(4.38%)
2 CDs
(0.07%)
221 CDs
(7.62%)
March 4 Massachusetts
Primary[23]
400,826
42 (of 42) 13 Del.
115,334
(28.77%)
14 Del.
124,365
(31.03%)
13 Del.
122,987
(30.68%)
2 Del.
19,366
(4.82%)
4,669
(1.16%)
4,714
(1.18%)
577
(0.14%)
6,571 WI[d]
(1.64%)
2,243
(0.56%)
Vermont
Primary[24]
65,611
0 (of 19) 19,720
(30.06%)
14,226
(21.68%)
19,030
(29.00%)
8,055
(12.28%)
1,238
(1.89%)
884 WI
(1.35%)
2,458 WI[e]
(3.75%)
March 8 South Carolina
Primary[25]
145,501
25 (of 25) 25 Del.
79,549
(54.67%)
21,569
(14.82%)
773
(0.53%)
43,113
(29.63%)
117
(0.08%)
380 [f]
(0.26%)
March 11
(126)
Alabama
Primary[26]
211,353
27 (of 27) 18 Del.
147,352
(69.72%)
9 Del.
54,730
(25.90%)
1,963
(0.93%)
5,099
(2.41%)
1,077
(0.51%)
447
(0.21%)
685 [g]
(0.32%)
Florida
Primary[27]
614,995
51 (of 51) 51 Del.
345,699
(56.21%)
185,996
(30.24%)
56,636
(9.21%)
6,345
(1.03%)
12,000
(1.95%)
4,958
(0.81%)
1,086
(0.18%)
2,275 [h]
(0.37%)
Georgia
Primary[28]
200,171
36 (of 36) 36 Del.
146,500
(73.18%)
25,293
(12.64%)
16,853
(8.42%)
1,571
(0.78%)
6,308
(3.15%)
2,388
(1.19%)
249
(0.12%)
1,009 [i]
(0.50%)
March 18 Illinois
Pres. Primary[29]
1,130,081
0 (of 92) 547,355
(48.44%)
124,057
(10.98%)
415,193
(36.74%)
7,051
(0.62%)
24,865
(2.20%)
4,548
(0.40%)
1,843
(0.16%)
5,169 [j]
(0.46%)
Illinois
Del. Primary[30]
92 (of 92) 46 Del. 2 Del. 26 Del. 4 Del.
March 25 Connecticut
Primary[31]
182,284
35 (of 35) 14 Del.
61,735
(33.87%)
15 Del.
70,367
(38.60%)
6 Del.
40,354
(22.14%)
2,446
(1.34%)
1,887
(1.04%)
598
(0.33%)
333
(0.18%)
308 [k]
(0.17%)
4,256
(2.33%)
New York
Del. Primary[32][33]
117 (of 123) 72 Del. 6 Del. 1 Del. 38 Del.
April 1 Kansas
Primary[34]
285,398
35 (of 35) 20 Del.
179,739
(62.98%)
4 Del.
35,838
(12.56%)
5 Del.
51,924
(18.19%)
3,603
(1.26%)
1,367
(0.48%)
2,067
(0.72%)
4,134 [l]
(1.45%)
6,726
(2.36%)
Wisconsin
Primary[35]
907,853
34 (of 34) 28 Del.
364,898
(40.19%)
276,164
(30.42%)
6 Del.
248,623
(27.39%)
3,298
(0.36%)
2,951
(0.33%)
2,312
(0.26%)
7,012 WI[m]
(0.77%)
4,951
(0.29%)
April 5 Louisiana
Primary[36]
42,397
29 (of 29) 29 Del.
31,256
(73.72%)
8,066
(19.02%)
820 [n]
(1.93%)
2,255
(5.32%)
April 17 North Dakota
State Convention[37]
28 (of 28) 12 Del. 1 Del. 4 Del.
April 19 Maine
State Convention[38]
21 (of 21) 17 Del. 4 Del.
Minnesota
District Conventions[o][39]
6 (of 34) 6 Del.
April 20 Alaska
State Convention[40]
19 (of 19) 19 Del.
April 22 Pennsylvania
Pres. Primary[41]
1,241,411
0 (of 83) 527,916
(42.53%)
626,759
(50.49%)
26,890 WI
(2.17%)
30,846
(2.49%)
10,656
(0.86%)
18,344 [p]
(1.48%)
Pennsylvania
Del. Primary[41]
76 (of 83) 76 Del.[q]
Vermont
Caucus[42]
979 SDs[r]
0 (of 19) 318 SDs
(32.48%)
67 SDs
(6.84%)
13 SDs
(1.33%)
April 26 Minnesota
District Conventions[s][43]
3 (of 34) 3 Del.
Missouri
District Conventions[t][44][45]
15 (of 37) 15 Del.
May 3 Arizona
State Convention[46]
28 (of 28) 28 Del.
Minnesota
District Conventions[u][47]
12 (of 34) 4 Del. 8 Del.
Missouri
District Conventions[v][45]
15 (of 37) 15 Del.
Oklahoma
State Convention[46]
28 (of 28) 28 Del.
Texas
Primary[48]
526,769
80 (of 80) 65 Del.
268,798
(50.49%)
15 Del.
249,819
(47.43%)
8,152
(1.55%)
May 6 Washington, D.C.
Pres. Primary[49]
7,529
0 (of 14) 4,973
(66.05%)
2,025
(26.90%)
261 [w]
(3.47%)
Washington, D.C.
Del. Primary[49]
14 (of 14) 14 Del.
Indiana
Primary[48]
568,313
56 (of 56) 56 Del.
419,016
(73.73%)
92,955
(16.36%)
56,342
(9.91%)
North Carolina
Primary[50]
168,391
40 (of 40) 30 Del.
113,854
(67.61%)
10 Del.
36,631
(21.75%)
8,542
(5.07%)
2,543
(1.51%)
547
(0.33%)
1,107
(0.66%)
629
(0.37%)
4,538
(2.70%)
Tennessee
Primary[50]
195,210
32 (of 32) 24 Del.
144,625
(74.09%)
8 Del.
35,274
(18.07%)
8,722
(4.47%)
16 WI
(0.01%)
1,574
(0.81%)
1 WI
(0.00%)
629
(0.37%)
22 WI[x]
(0.01%)
4,976
(2.55%)
May 10 Wyoming
State Convention[51]
19 (of 19) 16 Del. 3 Del.
May 13 Maryland
Primary[52]
167,303
30 (of 30) 15 Del.
80,557
(48.15%)
15 Del.
68,389
(40.88%)
16,244
(9.71%)
2,113
(1.26%)
Nebraska
Primary[52]
205,203
25 (of 25) 25 Del.
155,995
(76.02%)
31,380
(15.29%)
11,879
(5.79%)
1,062
(0.52%)
1,420
(0.69%)
3,467 [y]
(1.69%)
May 17 Hawaii
State Convention[53]
14 (of 14) 14 Del.
May 20
(116)
Michigan
Primary[54]
595,176
82 (of 82) 29 Del.
189,184
(31.79%)
53 Del.
341,998
(57.46%)
48,947
(8.22%)
4,782[z]
(0.80%)
10,265
(1.73%)
Oregon
Primary[54]
315,366
29 (of 29) 18 Del.
170,449
(54.05%)
11 Del.
109,210
(34.63%)
32,118
(10.18%)
2,324
(0.74%)
1,265 WI
(0.40%)
May 17 Delaware
State Convention[55]
21 (of 21) 4 Del. 6 Del. 2 Del.
May 25 Vermont
State Convention[56]
19 (of 19) 16 Del. 3 Del.
May 27 Idaho
Primary[57]
134,879
17 (of 21) 15 Del.
111,868
(82.94%)
5,416
(4.02%)
2 Del.
13,130
(9.74%)
1,024
(0.76%)
3,441
(2.55%)
Kentucky
Primary[58]
94,795
27 (of 27) 27 Del.
78,072
(82.36%)
6,861
(7.24%)
4,791
(5.05%)
1,987 [aa]
(2.10%)
3,084
(3.25%)
Nevada
Primary[59]
47,395
17 (of 17) 14 Del.
39,352
(83.03%)
1 Del.
3,078
(6.49%)
2 Del.
4,965
(10.48%)
May 30 Minnesota
State Convention[60]
10 (of 34) 10 Del.
May 31 Colorado
District Conventions[ab][61]
3 (of 31) 3 Del.
Missouri
State Convention[62]
7 (of 37) 7 Del.
June 3 California
Primary[63]
2,564,072
168 (of 168) 168 Del.
2,057,923
(80.26%)
125,113
(4.88%)
349,315
(13.62%)
21,465
(0.84%)
10,256 [ac]
(0.40%)
Mississippi
Del. Primary[64]
25,751
22 (of 22) 22 Del.
23,028
(89.43%)
2,105
(8.17%)
618
(2.40%)
Montana
Primary[64]
79,473
0 (of 20) 68,794
(86.56%)
7,665
(9.65%)
New Jersey
Pres. Primary[65]
277,977
0 (of 66) 225,959
(81.29%)
47,447
(17.07%)
4,571 [ad]
(1.64%)
New Jersey
Del. Primary[65]
79,473
66 (of 66) 63 Del. 2 Del. 1 Del.
New Mexico
Primary[66]
59,546
22 (of 22) 22 Del.
37,982
(63.79%)
5,892
(9.90%)
4,412
(7.41%)
2,742 [ae]
(4.60%)
1,347
(2.26%)
Ohio
Primary[67]
856,773
77 (of 77) 77 Del.
692,288
(80.80%)
164,485
(19.20%)
Rhode Island
Primary[63]
5,335
13 (of 13) 12 Del.
3,839
(71.96%)
1 Del.
993
(18.61%)
155 [af]
(2.91%)
348
(6.52%)
South Dakota
Primary[68]
82,905
22 (of 22) 22 Del.
72,861
(87.89%)
3,691
(4.45%)
987 [ag]
(1.19%)
5,366
(6.47%)
West Virginia
Pres. Primary[63]
138,016
0 (of 18) 115,407
(83.62%)
19,509
(14.14%)
3,100 [ah]
(2.25%)
West Virginia
Del. Primary[63]
138,016
18 (of 18) 15 Del. 3 Del.
June 6 Iowa
District Conventions[69][70]
30 (of 37) 17 Del. 13 Del.
Washington
State Convention[71]
37 (of 37) 34 Del. 1 Del. 1 Del. 1 Del.
June 7 Colorado
State Conventions[ai][72]
28 (of 31) 28 Del.
Iowa
State Convention[70]
7 (of 30) 4 Del. 3 Del.
June 8 Montana
State Convention[73]
20 (of 20) 20 Del.
June 28 Idaho
State Convention[74]
4 (of 21) 4 Del.
Utah
State Convention[75]
21 (of 21) 21 Del.
1,990 delegates
12,894,286 votes
1,407
7,709,793
(59.79%)
250
3,070,033
(23.81%)
59
1,572,174
(12.19%)
8
181,153
(1.41%)
4
97,793
(0.76%)
1
82,625
(0.64%)
0
7,204
(0.06%)
0
5,702,278
(52.64%)
156
112,560
(0.87%)

The Republican National Convention was held in Detroit, Michigan, from July 14 to 17, 1980.

Endorsements

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See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ This should not be taken as a finalized list of results. While a significant amount of research was done, there were a number of Delegates who were not bound by the instruction, or "Pledged" to a candidate, and to simplify the data these delegates were considered "Uncommitted". Some states also held primaries for the delegate positions, and these on occasion were where slates or candidates pledge to a certain candidate might be elected; however, as these elections allowed for a single person to vote for multiple candidates, as many as the number of positions being filled, it is difficult to determine how many people actually voted in these primaries. For this reason, while the results of some are in the table, they are not included in the popular vote summaries at the bottom of the table.
  2. ^ Includes 1,822 votes (0.97%) for Ben Fernandez and 589 votes (0.31%) for Harold Stassen.
  3. ^ Includes 380 Write-In votes (0.26%) for Gerald Ford.
  4. ^ Includes 3,398 Write-In votes (0.85%) for Gerald Ford, 374 votes (0.09%) for Benjamin Fernandez, and 218 votes (0.05%) for Harold Stassen.
  5. ^ Includes 2,300 Write-In votes (3.51%) for Harold Stassen and 105 Write-In votes (0.16%) for Harold Stassen.
  6. ^ Includes 171 votes (0.12%) for Benjamin Fernandez and 150 votes (0.10%) for Harold Stassen.
  7. ^ Includes 544 votes (0.26%) for Harold Stassen.
  8. ^ Includes 1,377 votes (0.22%) for Harold Stassen and 898 votes (0.15%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
  9. ^ Includes 809 votes (0.40%) for Benjmain Fernandez and 200 votes (0.10%) for Harold Stassen.
  10. ^ Includes 3,757 votes (0.33%) for Veldi Arvel "VA" Kelley and 1,106 Write-In votes (0.10%) for Gerald Ford.
  11. ^ All 308 votes (0.17%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
  12. ^ Includes 809 votes (0.40%) for Benjmain Fernandez and 200 votes (0.10%) for Harold Stassen.
  13. ^ Includes 1,051 votes (0.12%) for Benjmain Fernandez and 1,010 votes (0.11%) for Harold Stassen.
  14. ^ Includes 150 votes (0.35%) for Harold Stassen and 125 votes (0.29%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
  15. ^ Only two of eight districts held conventions on this date.
  16. ^ Includes 6,767 votes (0.55%) for Harold Stassen and 2,521 votes (0.20%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
  17. ^ It was generally felt that Reagan had won over the vast majority of those delegates elected, though legally they were uncommitted.
  18. ^ Results only for 537 of the 979 Delegates were accounted for in the source.
  19. ^ Only one of eight districts held conventions on this date.
  20. ^ Only five of ten districts held conventions on this date.
  21. ^ Only five of eight districts held conventions on this date.
  22. ^ Only five of ten districts held conventions on this date.
  23. ^ Includes 201 votes (2.67%) for Harold Stassen and 60 votes (0.80%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
  24. ^ Includes 14 Write-In votes (0.01%) for Gerald Ford.
  25. ^ Includes 799 votes (0.39%) for Harold Stassen and 400 votes (0.20%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
  26. ^ Includes 2,248 votes (0.38%) for Benjmain Fernandez and 1,938 votes (0.33%) for Harold Stassen.
  27. ^ Includes 1,223 votes (1.29%) for Harold Stassen and 764 votes (0.81%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
  28. ^ Only one of five districts held conventions on this date.
  29. ^ Includes 10,242 votes (0.40%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
  30. ^ All votes for Harold Stassen.
  31. ^ Includes 1,795 votes (3.01%) for Benjmain Fernandez and 947 votes (1.59%) for Harold Stassen.
  32. ^ Includes 107 votes (2.01%) for Harold Stassen and 48 votes (0.90%) for Benjmain Fernandez.
  33. ^ All votes for Harold Stassen.
  34. ^ All votes for Harold Stassen.
  35. ^ The results four district conventions are included, their exact dates not being found.

References

edit
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  3. ^ "Thompson Not In Race". The Pantagraph. January 25, 1979. p. A-6 – via Newspapers.com.
  4. ^ Clymer, Adam (March 8, 1979). "Backers of Reagan Open His Campaign". New York Times. p. A18. Retrieved March 20, 2020.
  5. ^ "Kemp Calls For 'Revolution' In GOP". The Daily Item. September 29, 1979. p. 10 – via Newspapers.com.
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  7. ^ "Haig Tries 'Water,' And Climbs Out". The Morning Union. December 23, 1979. p. 15 – via Newspapers.com.
  8. ^ "No Groundswell, So Ford Won't Run". Chicago Tribune. March 16, 1980. p. 2A – via Newspapers.com.
  9. ^ Sidey, Hugh (May 29, 1978). "The Presidency: Roses with a Touch of Ragweed". Time.
  10. ^ "Republicans: There's Life in the Old Party Yet". time. November 15, 1976.
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  13. ^ "Nation: We Were Sandbagged". Time. March 10, 1980.
  14. ^ "Molloy Sound and Video Contractors: Articles (1/1/11)". Molloysoundandvideo.com. February 10, 2000. Retrieved January 22, 2011.
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  16. ^ Forbes, Stefan (2008). "Transcript – Boogie Man: The Lee Atwater Story". PBS Frontline.
  17. ^ "BUSH WINS BY 2,182 VOTES". The Des Moines Register. Des Moines, Iowa. January 25, 1980. Retrieved March 18, 2024.
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  68. ^ "NOVEMBER IN SIGHT". Lead Daily Call. Lead, South Dakota. June 4, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  69. ^ "DEAL FALTERS, GOP DELEGATES SPLIT". The Gazette. Cedar Rapids, Iowa. June 7, 1980. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
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  71. ^ "REAGAN: 34 DELEGATES". The Spokesman-Review. Spokane, Washington. June 29, 1980. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
  72. ^ "STATE DELEGATES BACK REAGAN BUT UNDECIDED ON RUNNING MATE". The Daily Sentinel. Grand Junction, Colorado. June 8, 1980. Retrieved March 24, 2024.
  73. ^ "STATES GOP DELEGATES ACHIEVE UNITY WITH REAGAN". The Missoulian. Missoula, Montana. June 9, 1980. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
  74. ^ "IDAHO GOP FAVORS TAX CHANGES". The Idaho Statesman. Boise, Idaho. June 29, 1980. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
  75. ^ "GOP NOMINATES WRIGHT TO RUN FOR GOVERNOR". The Salt Lake Tribune. Salt Lake City, Utah. June 29, 1980. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
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