The 20th government of Ireland (10 March 1987 – 12 July 1989) was the government of Ireland formed after the 1987 general election to the 25th Dáil on 17 February 1987. It was a minority Fianna Fáil government which had the qualified support of Fine Gael, the main opposition party, an arrangement known as the Tallaght Strategy after a speech by its leader Alan Dukes. The national debt had doubled under the previous government. The government introduced budget cuts in all departments. The taxation system was also reformed. One of the major schemes put forward was the establishment of the International Financial Services Centre (IFSC) in Dublin. During this period the Government organised the 1,000-year anniversary of the founding of Dublin.[1]
20th government of Ireland | |
|---|---|
 Government of Ireland | |
| Date formed | 10 March 1987 |
| Date dissolved | 12 July 1989 |
| People and organisations | |
| President | Patrick Hillery |
| Taoiseach | Charles Haughey |
| Tánaiste | Brian Lenihan |
| Total no. of members | 15 |
| Member parties | Fianna Fáil |
| Status in legislature | Minority Government |
| Opposition party | Fine Gael |
| Opposition leader | Alan Dukes |
| History | |
| Election | 1987 general election |
| Legislature terms | |
| Predecessor | 19th government |
| Successor | 21st government |
It lasted 843 days from its appointment until the resignation of Haughey on 29 June 1989, and continued to carry out its duties for a further 13 days until the appointment of the successor government, giving a total of 856 days.
Nomination of Taoiseach
editThe 25th Dáil first met on 10 March 1987. In the debate on the nomination of Taoiseach, leader of Fine Gael and outgoing Taoiseach Garret FitzGerald, leader of Fianna Fáil Charles Haughey, and leader of the Progressive Democrats Desmond O'Malley were each proposed.[2] FitzGerald was defeated with 51 votes in favour to 114 against, while there was an equal number of votes of 82 cast in favour and against Haughey. The proposal was carried on the casting vote of the Ceann Comhairle. Haughey was appointed as Taoiseach by president Patrick Hillery.[3]
| 10 March 1987 Nomination of Charles Haughey (FF) as Taoiseach[4] Motion proposed by Brian Lenihan and seconded by Gerry Collins Absolute majority: 84/166 | ||
| Vote | Parties | Votes |
|---|---|---|
| Yes | Fianna Fáil (81), Independent Fianna Fáil (1) | 82 / 166
|
| No | Fine Gael (51), Progressive Democrats (14), Labour Party (12), Workers' Party (4), Democratic Socialist Party (1) | 82 / 166
|
| Not voting | Independent (1) | 1 / 166
|
| Ceann Comhairle Seán Treacy exercised his casting vote in favour of the nomination of Haughey. | ||
Government ministers
editAfter his appointment as Taoiseach by the president, Haughey proposed the members of the government and they were approved by the Dáil.[3][5] They were appointed by the president on the same day.[6]
- Changes to Departments
- ^ The functions of the Department of the Public Service were transferred to the Department of Finance on 19 March 1987.[7]
- ^ The Department of the Public Service was renamed the Department of Tourism and Transport on 20 March 1987.[8][6]
- ^ The Department of Agriculture was renamed the Department of Agriculture and Food on 31 March 1987.[9]
- ^ The Department of Tourism, Fisheries and Forestry was renamed the Department of the Marine with effect from 19 March 1987.[10][6]
- ^ Transport was transferred from the Department of Communications on 31 March 1987.[12]
Attorney General
editOn 10 March 1987 John L. Murray SC was appointed by the president as Attorney General on the nomination of the Taoiseach.[3][6]
Ministers of state
editOn 10 March 1987, the Government appointed Vincent Brady, Michael Smith, Joe Walsh, Séamus Brennan, Seán McCarthy and Séamus Kirk as Ministers of State on the nomination of the Taoiseach.[3] On 12 March 1987, the Government appointed the other Ministers of State on the nomination of the Taoiseach.[6]
| Name | Department(s) | Responsibility | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vincent Brady | Taoiseach Defence[15] |
Government Chief Whip | |
| Michael Smith | Tourism, Fisheries and Forestry | Forestry | |
| Joe Walsh | Agriculture and Food[16] | Food Industry | |
| Séamus Brennan | Industry and Commerce[17] | Trade and Marketing | |
| Seán McCarthy | Industry and Commerce[18] | Science and Technology | |
| Séamus Kirk | Agriculture and Food[19] | Horticulture | |
| Máire Geoghegan-Quinn | Taoiseach | Co-ordination of Government policy and EC matters | |
| Noel Treacy | Finance[20] | ||
| Pat "the Cope" Gallagher | Marine | Marine matters | |
| Denis Lyons | Tourism, Fisheries and Forestry | Tourism | |
| Denis Gallagher | Gaeltacht | ||
| Ger Connolly | Environment | Urban Renewal | |
| Seán Calleary | Foreign Affairs | Overseas Aid | |
| Terry Leyden | Health[21] | ||
| Frank Fahey | Education | Youth and Sport | |
Changes 31 March 1987editChanges of ministerial functions.[11] | |||
| Name | Department(s) | Responsibility | |
| Michael Smith | Energy[22] | Forestry | |
| Denis Lyons | Tourism and Transport | Tourism | |
Changes 30 June 1988editNew position created. | |||
| Name | Department(s) | Responsibility | |
| Noel Treacy | Taoiseach | Heritage Affairs | |
Changes 25 November 1988editOn appointment of Michael Smith as Minister for Energy.[14] | |||
| Name | Department(s) | Responsibility | |
| Liam Aylward | Energy | ||
Government policy
editEconomy
editThe 20th government passed three budgets through the 1987, 1988 and 1989 Finance Acts The Finance minister Ray MacSharry committed himself to bringing order to the public finances and the poor economic situation. His cutting of state spending earned him the nickname Mack the Knife.
During this time he came to be identified as Haughey's heir apparent as Taoiseach and Fianna Fáil leader. MacSharry, however wanted to leave politics by the time he was forty-five. He was fifty and had achieved some of the highest offices in the Irish government. In 1988 MacSharry was appointed European Commissioner, ending his domestic political career.
The Minister for Industry and Commerce Albert Reynolds blocked the hostile takeover of Irish Distillers by Grand Metropolitan. The company was eventually sold to Pernod Ricard for $440 million.[23]
Health
editDuring this period major industrial action was taken by junior doctors. 1,800 doctors went on strike to protest their lack of job security and the governments cuts to the health budget.[24]
During this period a large number of haemophiliacs contracted HIV and Hepatitis C from contaminated blood products supplied by the Blood Transfusion Service Board.
Justice
editIn 1988 the Irish Prison officers association went on strike. The government had to use 1,000 Gardaí and 300 soldiers to guard the prisons.[25]
Northern Ireland
editDuring this period the government faced serious difficulties dealing with Northern Ireland and the IRA. After the signing of the Anglo-Irish Agreement Relations improved between the Republic and Britain. However, there were tensions between the governments over the imprisonment of the Birmingham Six and the apparent shoot-to-kill policy in Northern Ireland policy of the security forces in Northern Ireland. Formal protest was made by the government following the Loughgall ambush where eight IRA members and a civilian were killed by a SAS unit.[26]
Relations improved with the extradition of Paul Kane. His appeal to the justice minister for freedom was rejected. Kane escaped from the Maze Prison in 1983 after being convicted of firearm offences.[27]
During this period the IRA managed to smuggle a gun into the Four Courts in an attempted prison escape.[28]
Constitutional amendment
editOn 26 May 1987 the Tenth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland was approved by referendum. This permitted the state to ratify the Single European Act.
Dissolution and resignation
editOn 25 May 1989, the president dissolved the Dáil on the advice of Haughey.[29] The general election was held on 15 June, the same date as the European Parliament election.
The 26th Dáil first met on 26 June 1989. The Dáil did not successfully nominate anyone for the position of Taoiseach on that day, with Charles Haughey, Alan Dukes and Dick Spring being defeated.[30] This was the first time that this occurred on the first sitting of the Dáil after a general election. Haughey resigned as Taoiseach on 29 June but under the provisions of Article 28.11 of the Constitution, the members of the government continued to carry out their duties until their successors were appointed.[31] The 21st government of Ireland was formed on 12 July 1989 as a coalition between Fianna Fáil and the Progressive Democrats, with Charles Haughey again serving as Taoiseach.
References
edit- ^ Clines, Francis X. (14 December 1987). "Dublin Journal; At Age 1,000, the City Claps Its Hands and Sings". New York Times. Archived from the original on 3 November 2017. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
- ^ "Nomination of Taoiseach – Dáil Éireann (25th Dáil)". Houses of the Oireachtas. 10 March 1987. Archived from the original on 6 November 2019. Retrieved 18 January 2020.
- ^ a b c d "Appointment of Taoiseach and Nomination of Members of Government – Dáil Éireann (25th Dáil)". Houses of the Oireachtas. 10 March 1987. Archived from the original on 17 August 2019. Retrieved 17 August 2019.
- ^ "Nomination of Taoiseach – Votes – Dáil Éireann (25th Dáil) – Tuesday, 10 March 1987". Houses of the Oireachtas. Archived from the original on 3 June 2020. Retrieved 18 January 2020.
- ^ "Appointment of Taoiseach and Nomination of Members of Government (Resumed) – Dáil Éireann (25th Dáil)". Houses of the Oireachtas. 10 March 1987. Archived from the original on 17 August 2019. Retrieved 17 August 2019.
- ^ a b c d e "Appointment of Ministers and Ministers of State – Dáil Éireann (25th Dáil)". Houses of the Oireachtas. 24 March 1987. Archived from the original on 8 January 2021. Retrieved 18 January 2020.
- ^ Public Service (Transfer of Departmental Administration and Ministerial Functions) Order 1987 (S.I. No. 81 of 1987). Signed on 19 March 1987. Statutory Instrument of the Government of Ireland. Archived from the original on 20 November 2019. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 28 August 2019.
- ^ Public Service (Alteration of Name of Department and Title of Minister) Order 1987 (S.I. No. 83 of 1987). Signed on 19 March 1987. Statutory Instrument of the Government of Ireland. Archived from the original on 4 January 2020. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 21 December 2019.
- ^ Agriculture, Food and Rural Development (Alteration of Name of Department and Title of Minister) Order 1987 (S.I. No. 97 of 1987). Signed on 31 March 1987. Statutory Instrument of the Government of Ireland. Archived from the original on 1 May 2019. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 21 December 2019.
- ^ Tourism, Fisheries and Forestry (Alteration of Name of Department and Title of Minister) Order 1987 (S.I. No. 82 of 1987). Signed on 19 March 1987. Statutory Instrument of the Government of Ireland. Archived from the original on 19 November 2019. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 21 December 2019.
- ^ a b "Transfer of Ministerial Functions: Announcement by Taoiseach – Dáil Éireann (25th Dáil)". Houses of the Oireachtas. 1 April 1987. Archived from the original on 12 January 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2019.
- ^ Communications (Transfer of Departmental Administration and Ministerial Functions) (No. 2) Order 1987 (S.I. No. 92 of 1987). Signed on 31 March 1987. Statutory Instrument of the Government of Ireland. Archived from the original on 4 August 2019. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 28 August 2019.
- ^ "Nomination of Member of Government: Motion – Dáil Éireann (25th Dáil)". Houses of the Oireachtas. 24 November 1988. Archived from the original on 17 August 2019. Retrieved 17 August 2019.
- ^ a b "Appointment and Assignment of Ministers: Announcement by Taoiseach – Dáil Éireann (25th Dáil)". Houses of the Oireachtas. 24 November 1988. Archived from the original on 5 November 2019. Retrieved 18 January 2020.
- ^ An tOrdú um Réamhchúram in Aghaidh Aer-Ruathar (Feidhmeanna Aire a Tharmligean) 1987 (S.I. No. 127 of 1987). Signed on 5 May 1987. Statutory Instrument of the Government of Ireland. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 14 October 2022.
- ^ Agriculture and Food (Delegation of Functions) Order 1987 (S.I. No. 163 of 1987). Signed on 26 June 1987. Statutory Instrument of the Government of Ireland. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 14 October 2022.
- ^ Industry and Commerce (Delegation of Ministerial Functions) (No. 2) Order 1987 (S.I. No. 166 of 1987). Signed on 26 June 1987. Statutory Instrument of the Government of Ireland. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 14 October 2022.; Industry and Commerce (Delegation of Ministerial Functions) (No. 2) Order 1988 (S.I. No. 310 of 1988). Signed on 29 November 1988. Statutory Instrument of the Government of Ireland. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 14 October 2022.
- ^ Industry and Commerce (Delegation of Ministerial Functions) Order 1987 (S.I. No. 165 of 1987). Signed on 26 June 1987. Statutory Instrument of the Government of Ireland. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 14 October 2022.; Industry and Commerce (Delegation of Ministerial Functions) Order 1988 (S.I. No. 309 of 1988). Signed on 29 November 1988. Statutory Instrument of the Government of Ireland. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 14 October 2022.
- ^ Agriculture and Food (Delegation of Functions) (No. 2) Order 1987 (S.I. No. 164 of 1987). Signed on 26 June 1987. Statutory Instrument of the Government of Ireland. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 14 October 2022.
- ^ Finance (Delegation of Functions) Order 1988 (S.I. No. 3 of 1988). Signed on 12 January 1988. Statutory Instrument of the Government of Ireland. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 14 October 2022.; Finance (Delegation of Functions) (No. 2) Order 1988 (S.I. No. 352 of 1988). Signed on 16 December 1988. Statutory Instrument of the Government of Ireland. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 14 October 2022.
- ^ Health (Delegation of Functions) Order 1988 (S.I. No. 224 of 1988). Signed on 2 September 1988. Statutory Instrument of the Government of Ireland. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 14 October 2022.
- ^ Energy (Delegation of Functions) Order 1987 (S.I. No. 255 of 1987). Signed on 6 October 1987. Statutory Instrument of the Government of Ireland. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 14 October 2022.
- ^ "Irish distillers takeover". Providence Journal. 25 November 1988. Archived from the original on 30 July 2012.
- ^ Anchorage Daily News, 14 June 1987
- ^ "Eugene Register, 9 May 1988". Archived from the original on 23 September 2021. Retrieved 20 September 2016.
- ^ "The Glasgow Herald, 3 February 1988". Archived from the original on 23 September 2021. Retrieved 20 September 2016.
- ^ "The Glasgow Herald, 12 April 1989". Archived from the original on 23 September 2021. Retrieved 20 September 2016.
- ^ "The Glasgow Herald, 21 July 1988". Archived from the original on 23 September 2021. Retrieved 20 September 2016.
- ^ "Announcement by Taoiseach Regarding Dissolution of Dáil – Dáil Éireann (25th Dáil)". Houses of the Oireachtas. 25 May 1989. Archived from the original on 21 October 2019. Retrieved 4 April 2020.
- ^ "Nomination of Taoiseach – Dáil Éireann (26th Dáil)". Houses of the Oireachtas. 29 June 1989. Archived from the original on 10 August 2019. Retrieved 10 August 2019.
- ^ "Statement by Taoiseach – Dáil Éireann (26th Dáil)". Houses of the Oireachtas. 29 June 1989. Archived from the original on 6 November 2019. Retrieved 16 February 2020.