Bayān ibn Samʿān at-Tamīmī an-Nāhdī (Arabic: بيان بن سمعان التميمي النهدي) was the founder of the 8th-century Bayaniyya sect of Shi'a Islam, as well as a claimant to prophethood. He was also the first to spread the idea of Quranic createdness.
Bayān ibn Samʿān | |
|---|---|
| بيان بن سمعان | |
| Died | c. 737 CE |
| Era | Islamic Golden Age |
| School | Ghulat |
Main interests | Claiming prophethood |
Notable ideas | Bayaniyya sect, Quranic createdness |
Teachings
editAccording to the Shi'ite theologian Abu Muhammad al-Hasan ibn Musa al-Nawbakhti, Bayan ibn Sam'an was a Shi'ite of the Ghulat who supported Abu Hashim as a rightful caliph, but later claimed prophethood after Abu Hashim died.[1] Bayan ibn Sam'an was also a supporter of the idea of Quranic createdness and was considered as one of the first people to have propagated the idea widely.[2][3] These theological virtues regarding the Qur'an served as the basis for the theology of al-Ja'd ibn Dirham and later Jahm ibn Safwan of the Jahmi group.[2][3]
Bayan ibn Sam'an is considered to have been the founder of the 8th-century Bayaniyya sect of Ghulat Shi'ism, which is now counted amongst the extinct Shi'a sects.[1][4]
Death
editBayan ibn Sam'an was executed for his beliefs, which the majority of the Muslim scholars considered to be heretical at the time.[1][3] His execution was performed by the governor of Iraq, Khalid al-Qasri at Kufa in the year 737.[3][4] It is narrated in Bihar al-Anwar that Bayan ibn Sam'an was set on fire, resulting in him being burnt to death.[5]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c al-Nawbakhti (2007). Kitāb Firaq al-Shīʿa. ICAS PRESS LTD. ISBN 1904063268.
- ^ a b Ibn Taymiyyah (2011). Majmoo' al-Fatawa. Dar Ibn Hazm, Dar al-Wafa.
- ^ a b c d Ibn Kathir (2015). al-Bidāyah wa al-Nihāyah. Dar Ibn Kathir. ISBN 978-9953520841.
- ^ a b Tucker, William F., ed. (2008), "Bayān ibn Sam‵ān and the Bayāniyya", Mahdis and Millenarians: Shiite Extremists in Early Muslim Iraq, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 34–51, ISBN 978-0-521-88384-9, retrieved 2024-11-20
- ^ al-Majlisi (2000). Biḥār al-ʾanwār al-jāmiʿat li-durar ʾakhbār al-ʾAʾimmat al-ʾAṫhār. Beirut: Dar Ihya Turath Al Arabi. ASIN B00XDBJ2VG.