Bayfordbury, Hertfordshire, is a large Grade II* listed country house with surrounding parkland, and the location of a University of Hertfordshire campus, housing its biology/geography field station and observatory.
History of Bayfordbury
editBayfordbury House was originally built between 1759 and 1762 for well-to-do London merchant Sir William Baker. It was upgraded to its present appearance by his son, also William Baker between 1809 and 1812. After the death of Admiral Sir Lewis Clinton-Baker in 1940, the estate was leased to the Dr Barnardo's charity.
The 372-acre Bayfordbury estate was then bought by the John Innes Centre in 1948 and developed into a School of Cytology.[1] A new Cell Biology building was built in 1959,[2] later to become the Science Learning Centre. In 1967 the John Innes Centre moved to its present site in Norwich and the Bayfordbury estate was bought by the Hertfordshire Council in 1967 for the use of Hatfield Polytechnic.[3]
Bayfordbury Observatory
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In 1969 the Bayfordbury Observatory was established within the grounds of the house by Hatfield Polytechnic (now the University of Hertfordshire). This is the university's astronomical and atmospheric physics remote sensing observatory, one of the largest teaching astronomical observatories in the UK.[4]
Science Learning Centre
editIn 2005 the Regional Science Learning Centre was set up at Bayfordbury to run courses that provided continuing professional development for anyone involved in the teaching of science.[5] The Science Learning Centre had close ties with the nearby observatory and hosted activities during its astronomy open evenings such as planetarium shows and talks. The building also hosted some of the observatory's scientific instruments on its roof.[6]
Field station
editThe University of Hertfordshire uses the site as its biology and geography field station. The university owns a number of Bayfordbury's woodlands and meadows including the Clinton-Baker Pinetum, Sailor's Grove and Hook's Grove.[7] The lake at Bayfordbury was created by the Baker family in 1772 [8] and is now managed for its newts, crayfish and pure genetic stock of Crucian carp. The site also houses five large glasshouses, used for plant and aquatic research.[9]
Clinton-Baker Pinetum
editThe Clinton-Baker Pinetum is a 10-acre pinetum containing over 150 species of conifers from all over the world, many over 100 years old. The first conifers were planted in 1767 by Sir William Baker, the original owner of the mansion.[10]
References
edit- ^ "History of the John Innes Centre". Archived from the original on 8 June 2009. Retrieved 23 June 2012.
- ^ "All about the JIC".
- ^ "Name: BAYFORDBURY List entry Number: 1176752". Historic England. Retrieved 21 July 2018.
- ^ "Bayfordbury Observatory".
- ^ "Science Learning Centre Bayfordbury | Science CPD for Science Educators". Archived from the original on 10 July 2014. Retrieved 15 October 2013.
- ^ "Science Learning Centre Bayfordbury | Science CPD for Science Educators". Archived from the original on 10 July 2014. Retrieved 15 October 2013.
- ^ Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: "Bayfordbury field station". YouTube. 8 October 2011.
- ^ "Biological Conservation assignment - Conservation Management Plan: Bayfordbury Lake". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 23 June 2012.
- ^ "Bayfordbury Field Station | University of Hertfordshire". www.herts.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 6 July 2013. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
- ^ Historic England. "Details from listed building database (1176752)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 28 September 2015.