Benjamin Head Warder[a] (November 15, 1824 – January 13, 1894) was an American manufacturer of agricultural machinery, based in Springfield, Ohio, for much of his career. After he had retired, in 1902 the company he co-founded merged with four others to form International Harvester.[b] Warder commissioned and donated a new library (now the Warder Public Library) for Springfield in 1890, as a memorial to his parents.
Benjamin H. Warder | |
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| Born | November 15, 1824 |
| Died | January 13, 1894 (aged 69) Cairo, Egypt |
| Resting place | Rock Creek Cemetery Washington, D.C., U.S. |
| Occupation | Industrialist |
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After retiring from his business in 1886 and moving to Washington, D.C., Warder purchased some large estates in areas then considered "country" and developed them for new residential subdivisions in Northwest Washington. Four were later combined in 1908 for the neighborhood now known as Park View. Warder died in Cairo in 1894, while traveling in Egypt.
Youth
editBenjamin Head Warder was born as one of the nine children of Jeremiah Warder (1780-1849) and his wife Ann (née Aston) (1784-1871), Quakers from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. They settled in Springfield, Ohio, by the time of the 1830 United States Census.[1] Jeremiah had been a member of his father's shipping firm, John Warder & Sons (later Warder Brothers). John Warder had invested in Ohio land, and bequeathed Jeremiah $10,000 in land.[2]
Career
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In 1850 (or 1852), Benjamin Warder co-founded Warder, Brokaw & Child Company. He paid $30,000 for patent rights to "The Champion," a combined reaper & mower invented by William N. Whiteley.[3] Warder's company manufactured the machines, but in the beginning he shared distribution with Whiteley and others. By 1860, the Springfield firm was operating as Warder & Child. In 1866, it was reorganized as Warder, Mitchell & Company, with John J. Glessner and Asa S. Bushnell as junior partners. Senior partner Ross Mitchell retired in 1880, and the firm became Warder, Bushnell & Glessner Company.[4]
It manufactured harvesting machinery – reapers, binders, mowers and hay rakes – under the "Champion" brand name.[5] Warder and Bushnell managed the factories in Springfield, which covered 20 acres.[6] The company opened a branch office in Chicago in 1865, headed by Glessner. This developed as its most profitable, growing along with that major city: in 1871, the Chicago office sold about 800 machines; in 1884, it sold 25,000 machines. By 1886, the company employed more than 1,000 workers, and was exporting to foreign countries.[7] In 1908, the 2,000,000th Champion machine was sold.[8]
Springfield was nicknamed "The Champion City" after this company's brand name.[9]
Retirement
editAfter Warder retired from business in 1886, he moved his family to Washington, D.C., and built a house at 1515 K Street NW. Boston architect Henry Hobson Richardson is credited with the design, but died four months into the project. Richardson's successor firm, Shepley, Rutan and Coolidge, completed the house in 1888.
Upon moving to Washington, Warder entered real estate development. He purchased the late Asa Whitney's country estate of Whitney Close from the heirs of Catherine M. Whitney on June 4, 1886, for the sum of $60,024. He subdivided the 43-acre tract into building lots for a new development named Whitney Close.[10] This was followed by the subdivision and development of other "country" properties in the area. These subdivisions: including Whitney Close, Schuetzen Park, and Bellevue, were organized into a single neighborhood known as Park View in 1908.[11] Park View's Warder Street commemorates Warder's role as real estate developer.
As a memorial to his parents, Warder commissioned Shepley, Rutan and Coolidge to design a new public library for Springfield, Ohio. Warder Public Library was begun in 1887 and completed in 1890.[12]
Warder commissioned a speculative office building, designed by architect Nicholas T. Haller and constructed at 9th & F Street NW, Washington, DC (1892).[13]
Benjamin H. Warder died in Cairo on January 13, 1894, while on a trip to Egypt.[14] His body was returned to the United States, where he was buried in Rock Creek Cemetery in a bronze sarcophagus weighing 3,500 lbs, cast by the Gorham Manufacturing Company of Elmwood, Rhode Island. It was designed by Philip Martiny, in collaboration with architects Shepley, Rutan, and Coolidge.
Family
editWarder married Ellen Nancy Ormsby and they had three daughters:
- Elizabeth (Betsey), married Ralph Nicholson Ellis (February 15, 1906)
- Ellen Nancy, married Ward Thoron (November 15, 1893, divorced 1911); married Major Henry Leonard (July 27, 1914)
- Alice (1877-1952), married John W. Garrett (December 24, 1908)[15]
Legacy
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- Warder Mansion, 1515 K Street NW, Washington, DC (1885–88), H. H. Richardson, architect. In 1923, the house was disassembled and relocated to 2633 16th Street NW.
- Warder Public Library, Springfield, Ohio (1887–90), Shepley, Rutan and Coolidge, architects.
- Tomb of Benjamin H. Warder, Rock Creek Cemetery, Washington, DC (1898), McKim, Mead and White, architects.[16][17]
- In 1920, Warder's widow donated a collection of American sculpture to the Smithsonian Institution, including works by William Henry Rinehart and Hiram Powers.[18]
Benjamin's grandmother Ann (Head) Warder wrote a series of journals; they mention his grandfather and father. These are now held by the Pennsylvania Historical Society.[19]
Notes
edit- ^ He had an uncle of the same name, Benjamin H. Warder (1796-1857), Philadelphia, PA merchant; and a nephew of the same name, Benjamin H. Warder (1866-1897), buried in Ferncliffe Cemetery, Springfield, OH.
- ^ The other companies were McCormick Harvesting Machine Company, Deering Harvester Company, Milwaukee Harvester Company, and Plano Manufacturing Company.
References
edit- ^ Warder Family Papers from Earlham College Libraries.
- ^ Will of John Warder, executed 1828 from Rootsweb.
- ^ "Model of William N. Whiteley's reaper, 1877", Smithsonian Institution.
- ^ Warder, Bushnell & Glessner, Glessner House website.
- ^ Stained glass window advertisement (1893), Heritage Center of Clark County.
- ^ Springfield factory, circa 1900, Wisconsin History.
- ^ Alfred Theodore Andreas, History of Chicago, Volume 3 (Chicago: A. T. Andreas Publishing Company, 1886), p. 504.
- ^ Casson, Herbert Newton (1908). The Romance of the Reaper. New York: Doubleday, Page & Company. p. 24. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved October 27, 2021.
- ^ Champion City Archived February 25, 2012, at the Wayback Machine from Greater Springfield Chamber of Congress.
- ^ "Important Real Estate Sales," The Washington Post, June 5, 1886. p. 2.
- ^ Park View Citizens' Association. Directory and History of Park View, 1921. p. 29, 32.
- ^ Warder Public Library Archived October 8, 2011, at the Wayback Machine from Dayton Daily News.
- ^ "Warder Building, 527 Ninth Street Northwest, Washington, District of Columbia, DC". Historic American Buildings Survey. Retrieved October 27, 2021.
- ^ "In Far-Off Egypt: Benjamin H. Warder, the Wealthy Manufacturer, Expires". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Springfield, Ohio. January 14, 1894. p. 1. Retrieved October 27, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "The Cabinet: To Rome". Time. August 12, 1929.
- ^ Warder Tomb from St. Croix Architecture.
- ^ Warder Tomb from SIRIS.
- ^ Warder gifts from SIRIS.
- ^ Ann Head Warder Papers, Pennsylvania Historical Society.