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A broadsheet is the largest newspaper format and is characterized by long vertical pages, typically of 22.5 inches (57 cm). Other common newspaper formats include the smaller Berliner and tabloid–compact formats.[1]
Description
editMany broadsheets measure roughly 28 by 22+3⁄4 in (711 by 578 mm) per full broadsheet spread, twice the size of a standard tabloid. Australian and New Zealand broadsheets always have a paper size of A1 per spread (841 by 594 mm or 33.1 by 23.4 in). South African broadsheet newspapers have a double-page spread sheet size of 820 by 578 mm (32.3 by 22.8 in) (single-page live print area of 380 x 545 mm). Others measure 22 in (560 mm) vertically.
In the United States, the traditional dimensions for the front page half of a broadsheet are 12 in (305 mm) wide by 22.75 in (578 mm) long. However, in efforts to save newsprint costs, many U.S. newspapers[2] have downsized to 11 in (279 mm) wide by 21 in (533 mm) long for a folded page.[3][4]
Many rate cards and specification cards refer to the "broadsheet size" with dimensions representing the front page "half of a broadsheet" size, rather than the full, unfolded broadsheet spread. Some quote actual page size and others quote the "printed area" size.
The two versions of the broadsheet are:
- The full broadsheet typically is folded vertically in half so that it forms four pages (the front page front and back and the back page front and back). The four pages are called a spread. Inside broadsheets are nested accordingly.
- The half broadsheet is usually an inside page that is not folded vertically and just includes a front and back.
History
editThe broadsheet, broadside, was used as a format for musical and popular prints in the 17th century. Eventually, people began using the broadsheet as a source for political activism by reprinting speeches.
Broadsheet newspapers developed in Britain after a 1712 tax was imposed on newspapers based on their page counts. However, larger formats had long been signs of status in printed objects and still are in many places. Outside of Britain the broadsheet developed for other reasons unrelated to the British tax structure including style and authority. With the early mechanization of the 19th century came an increased production of printed materials including the broadside, as well as the competing penny dreadful. Newspapers all over Europe were then starting to print their issues on broadsheets. However, in the United Kingdom, the main competition for the broadside was the gradual reduction of the newspaper tax, beginning in the 1830s until its eventual dismissal in 1855.[5]
With the increased production of newspapers and literacy, the demand for visual reporting and journalists led to the blending of broadsides and newspapers, creating the modern broadsheet newspaper.
Printing considerations
editModern printing facilities most efficiently print broadsheet sections in multiples of eight pages (with four front pages and four back pages). The broadsheet is then cut in half during the process. Thus, the newsprint rolls used are defined by the width necessary to print four front pages. The width of a newsprint roll is called its web. The now-common 11-inch-wide front page broadsheet newspapers in the United States use a 44-inch web newsprint roll.
With profit margins narrowing for newspapers in the wake of competition from broadcast, cable television, and the internet, newspapers are looking to standardize the size of the newsprint roll. The Wall Street Journal with its 12-inch-wide front page was printed on 48-inch web newsprint. Early adopters in the downsizing of broadsheets used a 50-inch web (12+1⁄2-inch front pages). However, the 48-inch web is now rapidly becoming the definitive standard in the U.S. The New York Times held out on the downsizing until July 2006, saying it would stick to its 54-inch web (13+1⁄2-inch front page).[citation needed] However, the paper adopted the narrower format beginning Monday, 6 August 2007.
The smaller newspapers also have the advantage of being easier to handle, particularly among commuters.
Connotations
editIn some countries, especially Australia, Canada, the UK, and the US, broadsheet newspapers are commonly perceived to be more intellectual in content than their tabloid counterparts. They tend to use their greater size to publish stories exploring topics in-depth and carry less sensationalist and celebrity-oriented material.[6] The distinction is most obvious on the front page since tabloids tend to have a single story dominated by a headline, and broadsheets allow two or more stories to be displayed of which the most important sit at the top of the page "above the fold."
A few newspapers, though, such as the German Bild-Zeitung and others throughout Central Europe are tabloids in terms of content but use the physical broadsheet format.
Switch to smaller sizes
editIn the United Kingdom
editIn 2003, The Independent started concurrent production of both broadsheet and tabloid ("compact") editions, carrying exactly the same content. The Times did likewise, but with less apparent success, with readers vocally opposing the change. The Independent ceased to be available in broadsheet format in May 2004, and The Times followed suit from November 2004; The Scotsman is also now published only in tabloid format. The Guardian switched to the "Berliner" or "midi" format found in some other European countries (slightly larger than a traditional tabloid) on 12 September 2005. In June 2017, the Guardian announced it would again change the format to tabloid size – the first tabloid edition was published on 15 January 2018.
The main motivation cited for this shift was that commuters prefer papers that they can hold easily on public transport and that other readers also might find the smaller formats more convenient.
In the United States
editIn the United States, The Wall Street Journal made headlines when it announced its overseas version would convert to a tabloid on 17 October 2005.[7] Strong debate occurred in the US on whether or not the rest of the national papers will or even should follow the trend of the European papers and The Wall Street Journal.[8] The Wall Street Journal overseas edition switched back to a broadsheet format in 2015.[9][10]
Notable broadsheets
editSee also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Newspaper Sizes - Broadsheet, Berliner, Tabloid & Compact". www.papersizes.org. Archived from the original on 22 September 2020. Retrieved 22 October 2020.
- ^ Roy Peter (17 February 2006). "Watch Out, Broadsheet: Tabloid Power Is Gonna Get Your Mama". Poynter Institute. Archived from the original on 16 February 2010. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
- ^ Seelye, Katharine Q. (4 December 2006). "In Tough Times, a Redesigned Journal". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 6 April 2008. Retrieved 20 March 2013.
- ^ "The New York Times Plans to Consolidate New York Print Run at Newest Facility in College Point, Queens and Sublease Older Edison, New Jersey, Printing Plant in Early 2008" (Press release). The New York Times Company. 18 July 2006. Archived from the original on 13 April 2013. Retrieved 20 March 2013.
- ^ "The Word on the Street – Background". National Library of Scotland. Archived from the original on 5 February 2010. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
- ^ Rogers, Tony (28 January 2020). "Differences Between Broadsheet and Tabloid Newspapers". ThoughtCo. Archived from the original on 23 September 2022. Retrieved 23 September 2022.
- ^ Milt Freudenheim (9 May 2005). "Abroad, The Wall Street Journal Will Be a Tabloid". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 29 May 2015. Retrieved 10 August 2012.
- ^ "For American Publishers, Broadsheets Are Bright Stars Archived 24 October 2016 at the Wayback Machine. News & Tech.
- ^ Sweney, Mark (11 June 2015). "Wall Street Journal to revamp European and Asian editions in broadsheet format". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 28 March 2016. Retrieved 19 March 2016.
- ^ "Wall Street Journal Europe to print 50 per cent more content as it switches back to broadsheet". Press Gazette. 17 September 2015. Archived from the original on 27 March 2016. Retrieved 19 March 2016.