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Chittagong Division

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Chittagong Division, officially known as Chattogram Division (Bengali: চট্টগ্রাম বিভাগ), is geographically the largest of the eight administrative divisions of Bangladesh. It covers the south-easternmost areas of the country, with a total area of 34,529.97 km2 (13,332.10 sq mi) and a population at the 2022 census of 33,202,326. The administrative division includes mainland Chittagong District, neighbouring districts and the Chittagong Hill Tracts.

Chittagong Division
চট্টগ্রাম বিভাগ
Division of Bangladesh
Clockwise from the top:
St. Martin's Island, Kaptai Lake, Buddha Dhatu Jadi, Sajek Valley, Teknaf Beach, Bajra Shahi Mosque, Foy's Lake & Konglak hill
Coordinates: 22°55′N 91°30′E / 22.917°N 91.500°E / 22.917; 91.500
Country Bangladesh
Established1829
Capital
and largest city		Chittagong
Government
 • Divisional CommissionerMd. Tofayel Islam[1]
 • Deputy Inspector GeneralMd. Ahsan Habib Palash
 • Parliamentary constituencyJatiya Sangsad (58 seats)
Area
34,529.97 km2 (13,332.10 sq mi)
Population
 (2022)[2]
33,202,357 (Enumerated)
 • Urban
[2]
11,180,333
 • Rural
[2]
22,016,799
 • Metro
[2]
3,670,740
 • Adjusted Population[2]
34,178,612
Languages
 • Official languageBengali • English[3]
 • Regional languageChittagonian
Noahkhailla
 • Indigenous minority languages
List[4]
Religion (2022)
[5]
 • Religion
List
Time zoneUTC+6 (BST)
ISO 3166 codeBD-B
Notable sport teamsChattogram Challengers, Chittagong Division Cricket Team, Chittagong Abahani, Comilla Victorians
Districts11
Sub-Districts103
Union Councils949
Websitewww.chittagongdiv.gov.bd

Chittagong Division is home to Cox's Bazar, the longest natural sea beach in the world;[6][7] as well as St. Martin's Island, Bangladesh's sole coral reef.

History

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Main article: History of Chittagong

While the City of Chittagong and its coastal surroundings has history recorded back since Classical antiquity, the regional history of Chittagong division started its recorded factual data since the late antiquity. Northwestern Chittagong was once a historical region of Samatata with significant archeological medieval findings like Mainamati buddhist settlements ameliorated during the Deva dynasty period. The Chittagong Hill Tracts was a cluster of warring states clashed between vassals of Kingdom of Mrauk U and Twipra Kingdom. The Portuguese were the first europeans to be in contact in Chittagong region via building their trade post at Karnaphuli. Portugese settlement flourished in the region through trading and piracy accompanied by Kingdom of Mrauk U.[8] Chittagong region was absorbed into Bengal Sultanate during mid-16th Century by Daud Khan Karrani ending the Portuguese influence at Bay of Bengal within 1666. While Chittagong and Cumilla amalgamated within Bengal Sultanate, the hill tracts remained buffered autonomous state between Chakma Kingdom and Kingdom of Mrauk U and eventually with the Mughal Empire as of 1666. On 1757 Bengal Subah was absorbed by East India Company, three years later the company sent Harry Verelst to succeed the Mughal Subedar Reza Khan. The Chakma monarch refused to recognize the company's hegemony over Bengal resulting encroachment on the Chittagong Hill Tracts by the company. In 1787 the hill tracts frontier was engrossed within East India Company and the then Raja Jan Baksh Khan of Chakman Kingdom pledged recognition upon British sovereignty in exchange for autonomous agenda.[9]

The Chittagong as an administrative division was established in 1829 to serve as an administrative headquarters for five of Bengal's easternmost districts, with the Chittagong District serving as its headquarters.[10] In East Pakistan, the division's Tippera district was renamed as Comilla District in 1960.[11]

In 1984, fifteen districts were created by separating and reducing the original five districts of Chittagong, Comilla, Hill Tracts, Noakhali and Sylhet:[citation needed]

Sylhet, Habiganj, Moulvibazar and Sunamganj district ceded from the Chittagong Division to join a newly established Sylhet Division in 1995.

Administration

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Chittagong Division is presently subdivided into eleven districts (zilas) and thence into 100 sub-districts (upazilas).[12] The first six districts listed below comprise the north-western portion (37.6%) of the division, while the remaining five comprise the south-eastern portion (62.4%), the two portions being separated by the lower (or Bangladeshi) stretch of the Feni River; the upland districts of Khagrachhari, Rangamati and Bandarban together comprise that area previously known as the Chittagong Hill Tracts.

Districts[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]
Name Headquarters Area (km2) Population
1991 Census		 Population
2001 Census		 Population
2011 Census		 Population
2022 Census[24]
Brahmanbaria District Brahmanbaria 1,881.20 2,141,745 2,398,254 2,840,498 3,306,563
Comilla District Comilla 3,146.30 4,032,666 4,595,539 5,387,288 6,212,216
Chandpur District Chandpur 1,645.32 2,032,449 2,271,229 2,416,018 2,635,748
Lakshmipur District Lakshmipur 1,440.39 1,312,337 1,489,901 1,729,188 1,938,111
Noakhali District Maijdee 3,685.87 2,217,134 2,577,244 3,108,083 3,625,252
Feni District Feni 990.36 1,096,745 1,240,384 1,437,371 1,648,896
Khagrachhari District Khagrachhari 2,749.16 342,488 525,664 613,917 714,119
Rangamati District Rangamati 6,116.11 401,388 508,182 595,979 647,587
Bandarban District Bandarban 4,479.01 230,569 298,120 388,335 481,109
Chittagong District Chittagong 5,282.92 5,296,127 6,612,140 7,616,352 9,169,464
Cox's Bazar District Cox's Bazar 2,491.85 1,419,260 1,773,709 2,289,990 2,823,265
Total Districts 11 34,529.97 20,552,908 24,290,384 28,423,019 33,202,326

Demographics

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Religions in Chittagong Division[24]
Religion Percent
Muslims
 
 90.11%
Hindus
 
 6.61%
Buddhists
 
 2.92%
Christians
 
 0.22%
Others
 
 0.14%

According to the 2022 Census of Bangladesh, Chittagong Division had 7,528,333 households and a population of 33,202,326, 33.7% of whom lived in urban areas. The population density was 979 people per km2. 90.11% were Muslims, 6.61% Hindus, 2.92% Buddhists, 0.22% Christians and 0.14% others.[24]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "List of Divisional Commissioners". Archived from the original on 2022-06-18. Retrieved 2022-06-20.
  2. ^ a b c d e National Report (PDF). Population and Housing Census 2022. Vol. 1. Dhaka: Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. November 2023. p. 386. ISBN 978-9844752016.
  3. ^ "The Constitution of the People's Republic of Bangladesh". Ministry of Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs. Archived from the original on 10 November 2019. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  4. ^ "Bangladesh". Ethnologue. Retrieved 7 January 2024.
  5. ^ https://bbs.portal.gov.bd/site/page/b432a7e5-8b4d-4dac-a76c-a9be4e85828c
  6. ^ Ethirajan, Anbarasan (26 December 2012). "Bangladesh's Cox's Bazar: A paradise being lost?". BBC World. Archived from the original on 14 June 2018. Retrieved 29 January 2015.
  7. ^ The Europa World Year Book 2003. Taylor & Francis. 2003. p. 679. ISBN 978-1-85743-227-5.
  8. ^ "About Chittagong:History". Archived from the original on 3 November 2014. Retrieved 30 December 2013.Retrieved: 30 December 2013
  9. ^ "জেলার ইতিহাস" [District's history]. Chittagong District (in Bengali). Archived from the original on 27 June 2020. Retrieved 8 June 2020.
  10. ^ Webster, John Edward (1911). "History: Divisional Commissioners". Eastern Bengal and Assam District Gazetteers: Noakhali. Allahabad: The Pioneer Press. p. 26.
  11. ^ "About Cumilla". District LGED. Retrieved 10 June 2019.
  12. ^ Ahmed Anam (2012). "Chittagong Division". In Sirajul Islam; Miah, Sajahan; Khanam, Mahfuza; Ahmed, Sabbir (eds.). Banglapedia: the National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Online ed.). Dhaka, Bangladesh: Banglapedia Trust, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. ISBN 984-32-0576-6. OCLC 52727562. OL 30677644M. Retrieved 26 December 2024.
  13. ^ "District Statistics 2011: Brahmanbaria" (PDF). Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 November 2014. Retrieved 25 July 2014.
  14. ^ "District Statistics 2011: Comilla" (PDF). Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 April 2015. Retrieved 25 July 2014.
  15. ^ "District Statistics 2011: Chandpur" (PDF). Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 November 2014. Retrieved 25 July 2014.
  16. ^ "District Statistics 2011: Lakshmipur" (PDF). Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 November 2014. Retrieved 25 July 2014.
  17. ^ "District Statistics 2011: Noakhali" (PDF). Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 October 2014. Retrieved 25 July 2014.
  18. ^ "District Statistics 2011: Feni" (PDF). Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 November 2014. Retrieved 25 July 2014.
  19. ^ "District Statistics 2011: Khagrachhari" (PDF). Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 November 2014. Retrieved 25 July 2014.
  20. ^ "District Statistics 2011: Rangamati" (PDF). Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 November 2014. Retrieved 25 July 2014.
  21. ^ "District Statistics 2011: Bandarban" (PDF). Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 November 2014. Retrieved 25 July 2014.
  22. ^ "District Statistics 2011: Chittagong" (PDF). Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 November 2014. Retrieved 25 July 2014.
  23. ^ "District Statistics 2011: Cox's Bazar" (PDF). Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 November 2014. Retrieved 25 July 2014.
  24. ^ a b c Population and Housing Census 2022: Preliminary Report. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. August 2022. pp. 6, 9, 12, 16, 21, 27. ISBN 978-984-35-2977-0. Archived from the original on 2023-01-14. Retrieved 2023-06-08.
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Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Chittagong Division.
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