The Compañía General de Tabacos de Filipinas, S.A. (General Tobacco Company of the Philippines, abbreviated CdF),[1] also known as the Compañía Española de Tabacos de Filipinas,[2] was a Spanish multinational joint-stock company, one of the world's most important enterprises in the late 19th and early 20th century, and the Philippines' first private tobacco company. Founded by the 1st Marquess of Comillas in Barcelona in 1881 and based in Manila, it is also simply known as Tabacos de Filipinas in Spain,[3] and as La Tabacalera in the Philippines.[4]
Company type | Sociedad Anónima |
---|---|
Industry | Tobacco Liquor Sugar Transportation |
Founded | 1881 |
Founder | Antonio López, 1st Marquess of Comillas |
Headquarters | Manila, Philippines |
Key people | Manuel Meler (Chairman) |
Number of employees | 104,000 (1898) |
Although the company today specializes in tobacco trading, over the years the company also ran a shipping line and established factories with the aim of cultivating, trading, manufacturing, and commercializing tobacco from the Philippines.[5] It also expanded its interests beyond tobacco, engaging in the exploitation of sugar and alcohol distribution, copra, abacá and maguey,[6] as well as owning significant interests in electricity generation, transport and insurance.
Owned by Spanish interests for most of its history, the Compañía General de Tabacos de Filipinas was in sharp decline between the 1950s and 1990s, during which it sold most of its ancillary businesses in the Philippines to focus solely on international tobacco trading. In 2007, it merged with the Dutch tobacco trading company Lippoel Leaf, forming the CdF International Group, and in 2011, CdF merged again with the American tobacco trading company Hail & Cotton,[7] with the company itself continuing to exist as its Philippine subsidiary.[8]
Activities
edit- Production and sale of tobacco products.
- Running an ocean line for the transport of merchandise and passengers.
- Commercializing forest products beginning in 1892.
- Production and sale of sugar and alcohol beginning in 1893.
- Production of copra.
- Production of abacá fibre, also known as 'Manila hemp'.[citation needed]
- Production of maguey fibre.
Markets
editRegarding distribution, the company operated in three markets:
- Spanish market (Peninsular).
- European market, trading with countries like United Kingdom, Germany, the Netherlands, and Portugal.
- Philippines, the rest of Asia and Oceania.
Credits
editThe National Historical Institute issued a marker along Romualdez St. in Ermita, Manila in 1951. The marker commends the company for the important role it played in the economic development in the Philippines and for the company's fair treatment of its workers. It also notes that the reconstruction of its central office after World War II symbolizes the reemergence of the company as a key player in the country's progress. The Compañía General de Tabacos de Filipinas is credited to have organized the largest Filipiniana collection that the Philippine Government has acquired.
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Company Overview of Compania General de Tabacos de Filipinas, S.A." Bloomberg L.P. Archived from the original on March 7, 2017. Retrieved March 7, 2017.
- ^ "El ayuntamiento barcelonés ofreció anoche una cena al señor Macapagal y a su esposa" [The Barcelona city council offered a dinner to Mr. Macapagal and his wife last night]. ABC (in Spanish). July 5, 1962. p. 35. Archived from the original on February 19, 2017. Retrieved February 18, 2017.
- ^ "Tabacos de Filipinas". El País (in Spanish). April 2, 1992. Archived from the original on November 23, 2019. Retrieved May 1, 2021.
- ^ Sison, Norman (December 5, 2011). "Tabacalera: 130 Years of Cigars and Philippine History". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on March 7, 2017. Retrieved March 7, 2017.
- ^ "Compañia General de Tabacos de Filipinas". Vida Marítima (in Spanish). Archived from the original on June 4, 2016. Retrieved February 18, 2017.
- ^ Fondo documental de la Compañía General de Tabacos de Filipinas (in Spanish)[dead link ]
- ^ "Legacy". Hail & Cotton, International Group. Archived from the original on January 24, 2017. Retrieved March 7, 2017.
- ^ "Philippines". Hail & Cotton, International Group. Archived from the original on January 22, 2017. Retrieved March 7, 2017.
Further reading
edit- Giralt i Raventós, Emili (1981). La Compañia General de Tabacos de Filipinas: 1881–1981 (in Spanish). Barcelona: Compañia General de Tabacos de Filipinas.
- Bastida, Ramón; Somoza, Antonio; Vallverdú, Josep, Estudio Económico y Contable de la Compañía General de Tabacos de Filipinas: 1881–1922 (PDF) (in Spanish) – via asepuc.org
- Tobarra, Sebastián (March 4, 2005). "Una historia colonial en La Rambla: La vieja sede de Tabacos de Filipinas se transforma en hotel con el evocador nombre de 1898". El País (in Spanish).
External links
edit- Media related to Compañía General de Tabacos de Filipinas at Wikimedia Commons
- Documents and clippings about Compañía General de Tabacos de Filipinas in the 20th Century Press Archives of the ZBW