Degel HaTorah (Hebrew: דגל התורה, lit. 'Banner of the Torah') is an Ashkenazi Haredi political party in Israel. For much of its existence, it has been allied with Agudat Yisrael, under the name United Torah Judaism.
Degel HaTorah דגל התורה | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Leader | Moshe Gafni |
| Founded | 1988 |
| Split from | Agudat Yisrael |
| Newspaper | Yated Ne'eman |
| Ideology | |
| Political position | Right-wing |
| Religion | Haredi Judaism (Misnagdim) |
| Alliance | United Torah Judaism |
| Knesset | 3 / 120
|
| Election symbol | |
| עץ | |
| Website | |
| http://m.degel.org.il/ | |
History
editDegel HaTorah was founded in 1988, as a splinter from Agudat Israel.[3] Its establishment by Rabbi Elazar Shach was due to ongoing policy disputes with the Hasidic rabbis within Agudat Yisrael. In the 1988 elections, the party won two seats, taken by Avraham Ravitz and Moshe Gafni, and joined Yitzhak Shamir's coalition government. For the 1992 elections, the party allied itself with Agudat Yisrael, under the name United Torah Judaism.
Although the party split shortly before the 1996 elections, they re-united for the elections. This was repeated for the 1999, 2006, and 2009 elections.
Currently (2022), the party has three MKs (of the seven representing United Torah Judaism): Moshe Gafni, Uri Maklev, and Ya'akov Asher.
Ideology
editDegel HaTorah represents the "Lithuanian wing" of the non-Hasidic Haredim (known as "Mitnagdim"), as opposed to the Hasidic-dominated Agudat Yisrael party. Sometimes, the parties compete against each other; at other times, they join forces within a political alliance called United Torah Judaism (UTJ) (Yahadut HaTorah in Hebrew).
In Jerusalem, it was based on a long-standing argument against a 1989 agreement between Degel HaTorah's then-spiritual leader Rabbi Elazar Shach, the venerated Rosh yeshiva of the famed Ponevezh Yeshiva in Bnei Brak, and the spiritual leader of Agudat Yisrael, the Pnei Menachem of Gur, Rabbi Pinchas Menachem Alter. The deal, based on the demographics of the time, stated that when UTJ would join forces, Aguda would receive 60% of the seats, and Degel 40%. This agreement was first contested in May 2016, when Degel's Knesset leader Moshe Gafni demanded that then-Deputy Education Minister Meir Porush resign from the Knesset, in order to give Degel 3 out of the 6 seats held by UTJ. Porush was able to keep his ministerial position under the 2015 so-called Norwegian Law. In 2018, Degel reached a 50-50 agreement with Aguda, with an Aguda representative as the Chairman of the party.[citation needed]
Degel HaTorah's rabbinical arbiter ("posek") was, until his death in 2012,[4] centenarian Rabbi Yosef Shalom Eliashiv of Jerusalem. Rabbi Eliashiv served as one of two Chairmen of Degel HaTorah's Moetzes Gedolei HaTorah ("Council of Torah Sages"). After Rabbi Eliyashiv's death, Rabbi Aharon Yehuda Leib Shteinman led the party; after him, by Rabbi Chaim Kanievsky and Rabbi Gershon Edelstein.[5]
Election results
edit| Election | Leader | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Government |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1988 | Avraham Ravitz | 34,279 | 1.50 (#13) | 2 / 120
|
New | Coalition |
| 1992 | Part of United Torah Judaism | 1 / 120
|
 1
|
Opposition | ||
| 1996 | 2 / 120
|
 1
|
Coalition | |||
| 1999 | 2 / 120
|
|
Coalition | |||
| 2003 | 2 / 120
|
|
Opposition | |||
| 2006 | Moshe Gafni | 2 / 120
|
|
Opposition | ||
| 2009 | 2 / 120
|
|
Coalition | |||
| 2013 | 3 / 120
|
1
|
Opposition | |||
| 2015 | 3 / 120
|
|
Coalition | |||
| Apr 2019 | 4 / 120
|
1
|
Caretaker | |||
| Sep 2019 | 3 / 120
|
1
|
Caretaker | |||
| 2020 | 4 / 120
|
1
|
Coalition | |||
| 2021 | 4 / 120
|
|
Opposition | |||
| 2022 | 3 / 120
|
1
|
Coalition | |||
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Guide to Israel's political parties". BBC News. 21 January 2013. Retrieved 28 June 2015.
- ^ Ishaan Tharoor (14 March 2015). "A guide to the political parties battling for Israel's future". The Washington Post. Retrieved 28 June 2015.
- ^ Matthew Wagner (14 December 2005). "Degel Hatorah kicks off election campaign". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 17 June 2015.
- ^ Ettinger, Yair (18 July 2012). "Rabbi Elyashiv, Venerated Leader in Ultra-Orthodox Community, Dies". Haaretz. Retrieved 17 June 2015.
- ^ "Influential rabbi claims ultra-Orthodox more prone to God's COVID-19 wrath". The Times of Israel.