Richard Nixon served as the 37th president of the United States from 1969 to 1974. He previously served as the 36th vice president of the United States from 1953 to 1961, and as a United States senator from 1950 to 1953 and United States representative from 1947 to 1950.
U.S. Congressional Elections (1946-1950)
editU.S. House Elections (1946, 1948)
edit1946
edit| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Richard Nixon | 65,586 | 56.0 | |
| Democratic | Jerry Voorhis | 49,994 | 42.7 | |
| Prohibition | John Hoeppel | 1,476 | 1.3 | |
1948
edit| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Richard Nixon (incumbent) | 21,411 | 52.2 | |
| Democratic | Stephen Zetterberg | 16,808 | 41 | |
| Democratic | Margaret Cooper | 2,772 | 6.8 | |
Nixon ran unopposed in and won the 1948 Republican primary.
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Richard Nixon (incumbent) | 141,509 | 86.9 | |
| Independent | Una Rice | 19,631 | 12 | |
| Independent | Scattering | 1,667 | 1 | |
U.S. Senate Election (1950)
edit| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Helen Gahagan Douglas | 734,842 | 47 | |
| Democratic | Manchester Boddy | 379,077 | 24.2 | |
| Democratic | Richard Nixon | 318,840 | 20.4 | |
| Democratic | Earl Desmond | 96,752 | 6.2 | |
| Democratic | Ulysses Meyer | 34,707 | 2.2 | |
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Richard Nixon | 740,465 | 64.6 | |
| Republican | Manchester Boddy | 156,884 | 13.7 | |
| Republican | Helen Gahagan Douglas | 153,788 | 13.4 | |
| Republican | Earl Desmond | 60,613 | 5.3 | |
| Republican | Ulysses Meyer | 18,783 | 1.6 | |
| Republican | Albert Levitt | 15,929 | 1.4 | |
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Richard Nixon | 2,183,454 | 59.2 | |
| Democratic | Helen Gahagan Douglas | 1,502,507 | 40.8 | |
Presidential Elections (Pre-1962)
edit1952 U.S. Presidential Election
edit1952 Republican National Convention (Vice Presidential tally):[1]
- Richard Nixon - 1,206 (100.00%)
1952 United States Presidential Election Results:
| Presidential candidate | Party | Home state | Popular vote | Electoral vote |
Running mate | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Count | Percentage | Vice-presidential candidate | Home state | Electoral vote | ||||
| Dwight David Eisenhower | Republican | New York[2] | 34,075,529 | 55.2% | 442 | Richard Milhous Nixon | California | 442 |
| Adlai Ewing Stevenson II | Democratic | Illinois | 27,375,090 | 44.3% | 89 | John Jackson Sparkman | Alabama | 89 |
| Vincent Hallinan | Progressive | California | 140,746 | 0.2% | 0 | Charlotta Bass | New York | 0 |
| Stuart Hamblen | Prohibition | Texas | 73,412 | 0.1% | 0 | Enoch Holtwick | Illinois | 0 |
| Douglas MacArthur | Constitution | Arkansas | 17,205 | 0.0% | 0 | Harry Byrd | Virginia | 0 |
| Other | 87,165 | 0.1% | — | Other | — | |||
| Total | 61,769,147 | 100% | 531 | 531 | ||||
| Needed to win | 266 | 266 | ||||||
Source (Popular Vote): Leip, David. "1952 Presidential Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Retrieved August 1, 2005.Source (Electoral Vote): "Electoral College Box Scores 1789–1996". National Archives and Records Administration. Retrieved August 1, 2005.
1956 U.S. Presidential Election
edit1956 Republican Presidential Primaries:[3]
- Dwight Eisenhower - 5,008,132 (85.93%)
- John W. Bricker - 478,453 (8.21%)
- Unpledged - 115,014 (1.97%)
- William F. Knowland - 84,446 (1.45%)
- Joe Foss - 59,374 (1.02%)
- S.C. Arnold - 32,732 (0.56%)
- Others* - 50,283 (0.86%)
*Nixon was a write-in candidate in some states' presidential primaries and received 316 votes.
1956 Republican National Convention (Vice Presidential tally):[4]
- Richard Nixon (inc.) - 1,323 (100.00%)
1956 United States Presidential Election Results:
| Presidential candidate | Party | Home state | Popular vote | Electoral vote |
Running mate | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Count | Percentage | Vice-presidential candidate | Home state | Electoral vote | ||||
| Dwight David Eisenhower (incumbent) | Republican | Pennsylvania[5] | 35,579,180 | 57.4% | 457 | Richard Milhous Nixon (incumbent) | California | 457 |
| Adlai Ewing Stevenson II | Democratic | Illinois | 26,028,028 | 42.0% | 73 | (Carey) Estes Kefauver | Tennessee | 73 |
| Walter Burgwyn Jones | Democratic | Alabama | —(a) | —(a) | 1 | Herman Talmadge | Georgia | 1 |
| (unpledged electors) | (n/a) | (n/a) | 196,145 | 0.3% | 0 | (n/a) | (n/a) | 0 |
| T. Coleman Andrews | States' Rights | Virginia | 107,929 | 0.2% | 0 | Thomas Werdel | California | 0 |
| Other | 110,046 | 0.2% | — | Other | — | |||
| Total | 62,021,328 | 100% | 531 | 531 | ||||
| Needed to win | 266 | 266 | ||||||
Source (Popular Vote): Leip, David. "1956 Presidential Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Retrieved August 1, 2005.Source (Electoral Vote): "Electoral College Box Scores 1789–1996". National Archives and Records Administration. Retrieved August 1, 2005.
1960 U.S. Presidential Election
edit1960 Republican Presidential Primaries:[6]
- Richard Nixon - 4,975,938 (86.63%)
- Unpledged - 314,234 (5.47%)
- George H. Bender - 211,090 (3.68%)
- Cecil H. Underwood - 123,756 (2.16%)
- James L. Lloyd - 48,461 (0.84%)
- Nelson Rockefeller - 30,639 (0.53%)
- Frank R. Beckwith - 19,677 (0.34%)
- John F. Kennedy - 12,817 (0.22%)
- Barry Goldwater - 3,146 (0.06%)
- Paul C. Fisher - 2,388 (0.04%)
- Adlai Stevenson - 694 (0.01%)
- Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. - 514 (0.01%)
- Dwight D. Eisenhower (write-in) - 172 (0.00%)
- Styles Bridges - 108 (0.00%)
1960 Republican National Convention (Presidential tally):[7]
- Richard Nixon - 1,321 (99.25%)
- Barry Goldwater - 10 (0.75%)
1960 United States Presidential Election Results
| Presidential candidate | Party | Home state | Popular vote | Electoral vote |
Running mate | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Count | Percentage | Vice-presidential candidate | Home state | Electoral vote | ||||
| John Fitzgerald Kennedy | Democratic | Massachusetts | 34,220,984(a) | 49.7% | 303 | Lyndon Baines Johnson | Texas | 303 |
| Richard Milhous Nixon | Republican | California | 34,108,157 | 49.6% | 219 | Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. | Massachusetts | 219 |
| Harry Flood Byrd | (none) | Virginia | —(b) | —(b) | 15 | James Strom Thurmond | South Carolina | 14 |
| Barry Morris Goldwater(c) | Arizona | 1(c) | ||||||
| (unpledged electors) | Democratic | (n/a) | 286,359 | 0.4% | —(d) | (n/a) | (n/a) | —(d) |
| Orval Faubus | States' Rights | Arkansas | 44,984 | 0.1% | 0 | John G. Crommelin | Alabama | 0 |
| Charles Sullivan | Constitution | Mississippi | (TX) 18,162 | 0.0% | 0 | Merritt Curtis | California | 0 |
| Other | 216,982 | 0.3% | — | Other | — | |||
| Total | 68,895,628 | 100% | 537 | 537 | ||||
| Needed to win | 269 | 269 | ||||||
There were 537 electoral votes, up from 531 in 1956, because of the addition of 2 U.S. Senators and 1 U.S. Representative from each of the new states of Alaska and Hawaii. (The House of Representatives was temporarily expanded from 435 members to 437 to accommodate this, and would go back to 435 when reapportioned according to the 1960 census.)
Source (Popular Vote):Leip, David. "1960 Presidential Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Retrieved February 7, 2008.Note: Sullivan / Curtis ran only in Texas. In Washington, Constitution Party ran Curtis for President and B. N. Miller for vice-president, receiving 1,401 votes.
Source (Electoral Vote): "Electoral College Box Scores 1789–1996". National Archives and Records Administration. Retrieved August 2, 2005.(a) This figure is problematic; see Alabama popular vote above.
(b) Byrd was not directly on the ballot. Instead, his electoral votes came from unpledged Democratic electors and a faithless elector.
(c) Oklahoma faithless elector Henry D. Irwin, though pledged to vote for Richard Nixon and Henry Cabot Lodge Jr., instead voted for non-candidate Harry F. Byrd. However, unlike other electors who voted for Byrd and Strom Thurmond as Vice President, Irwin voted for Barry Goldwater as Vice President.
(d) In Mississippi, the slate of unpledged Democratic electors won. They cast their 8 votes for Byrd and Thurmond.
California Gubernatorial Election (1962)
edit| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Pat Brown (incumbent) | 3,037,109 | 51.92 | |
| Republican | Richard Nixon | 2,740,351 | 46.85 | |
| Prohibition | Robert L. Wyckoff | 69,700 | 1.12 | |
| Total votes | 5,929,602 | 100.00 | ||
Presidential Elections (Post-1962)
edit1964 U.S. Presidential Election
edit1964 Republican Presidential Primaries:[8]
- Barry Goldwater - 2,267,079 (38.33%)
- Nelson Rockefeller - 1,304,204 (22.05%)
- James A. Rhodes - 615,754 (10.41%)
- Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. - 386,661 (6.54%)
- John W. Byrnes - 299,612 (5.07%)
- William Scranton - 245,401 (4.15%)
- Margaret Chase Smith - 227,007 (3.84%)
- Richard Nixon - 197,212 (3.33%)
- Unpledged - 173,652 (2.94%)
- Harold Stassen - 114,083 (1.93%)
1968 U.S. Presidential Election
edit1968 Republican Presidential Primaries:[9]
- Ronald Reagan - 1,696,632 (37.93%)
- Richard Nixon - 1,679,443 (37.54%)
- James A. Rhodes - 614,492 (13.74%)
- Nelson A. Rockefeller - 164,340 (3.67%)
- Unpledged - 140,639 (3.14%)
- Eugene McCarthy (write-in) - 44,520 (1.00%)
- Harold Stassen - 31,655 (0.71%)
- John Volpe - 31,465 (0.70%)
- Others - 21,456 (0.51%)
- George Wallace (write-in) - 15,291 (0.34%)
- Robert F. Kennedy (write-in) - 14,524 (0.33%)
- Hubert Humphrey (write-in) - 5,698 (0.13)
- Lyndon Johnson (write-in) - 4,824 (0.11%)
- George Romney - 4,447 (0.10%)
- Raymond P. Shafer - 1,223 (0.03%)
- William W. Scranton - 724 (0.02%)
- Charles H. Percy - 689 (0.02%)
- Barry M. Goldwater - 598 (0.01%)
- John V. Lindsay - 591 (0.01%)
1968 Republican National Convention (Presidential tally):
- First ballot:
- Richard Nixon - 692
- Nelson Rockefeller - 277
- Ronald Reagan - 182
- James A. Rhodes - 55
- George Romney - 50
- Clifford Case - 22
- Frank Carlson - 20
- Winthrop Rockefeller - 18
- Hiram Fong - 14
- Harold Stassen - 2
- John V. Lindsay - 1
- Second ballot:
- Richard Nixon - 1238
- Nelson Rockefeller - 93
- Ronald Reagan - 2
1968 United States Presidential Election Results:
| Presidential candidate | Party | Home state | Popular vote | Electoral vote |
Running mate | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Count | Percentage | Vice-presidential candidate | Home state | Electoral vote | ||||
| Richard Milhous Nixon | Republican | New York[10] | 31,783,783 | 43.4% | 301 | Spiro Theodore Agnew | Maryland | 301 |
| Hubert Horatio Humphrey | Democratic | Minnesota | 31,271,839 | 42.7% | 191 | Edmund Sixtus Muskie | Maine | 191 |
| George Corley Wallace | American Independent | Alabama | 9,901,118 | 13.5% | 46 | Curtis Emerson LeMay | California[11] | 46 |
| Eugene McCarthy | Independent | Minnesota | 25,634 | 0.0% | 0 | (None) | 0 | |
| Other | 243,258 | 0.3% | — | Other | — | |||
| Total | 73,199,998 | 100% | 538 | 538 | ||||
| Needed to win | 270 | 270 | ||||||
Source (Popular Vote): Leip, David. "1968 Presidential Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Retrieved August 7, 2005.
Source (Electoral Vote): "Electoral College Box Scores 1789–1996". National Archives and Records Administration. Retrieved August 7, 2005.
1972 U.S. Presidential Election
edit1972 Republican Presidential Primaries:[12]
- Richard Nixon (inc.) - 5,378,704 (86.92%)
- Unpledged - 317,048 (5.12%)
- John M. Ashbrook - 311,543 (5.03%)
- Pete McCloskey - 132,731 (2.15%)
- George Wallace - 20,907 (0.34%)
- None of the names shown - 8,916 (0.14%)
1972 Republican National Convention (Presidential tally):[13]
- Richard Nixon (inc.) - 1,347 (99.93%)
- Pete McCloskey - 1 (0.07%)
New York Conservative Party Presidential Convention, 1972:[14]
- Richard Nixon (inc.) - 156 (69.96%)
- John G. Schmitz - 38 (17.04%)
- Abstaining - 29 (13.00%)
1972 United States Presidential Election Results:
| Presidential candidate | Party | Home state | Popular vote | Electoral vote |
Running mate | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Count | Percentage | Vice-presidential candidate | Home state | Electoral vote | ||||
| Richard Milhous Nixon (incumbent) | Republican | California | 47,168,710 | 60.7% | 520 | Spiro Theodore Agnew (incumbent) | Maryland | 520 |
| George Stanley McGovern | Democratic | South Dakota | 29,173,222 | 37.5% | 17 | Robert Sargent Shriver | Maryland | 17 |
| John G. Hospers | Libertarian | California | 3,674 | 0.0% | 1(a) | Theodora Nathan | Oregon | 1(a) |
| John G. Schmitz | American Independent | California | 1,100,868 | 1.4% | 0 | Thomas J. Anderson | Tennessee | 0 |
| Linda Jenness | Socialist Workers | Georgia | 83,380(b) | 0.1% | 0 | Andrew Pulley | Illinois | 0 |
| Benjamin Spock | People's | California | 78,759 | 0.1% | 0 | Julius Hobson | District of Columbia | 0 |
| Other | 135,414 | 0.2% | — | Other | — | |||
| Total | 77,744,027 | 100% | 538 | 538 | ||||
| Needed to win | 270 | 270 | ||||||
Source (Popular Vote): Leip, David. "1972 Presidential Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Retrieved August 7, 2005.
Source (Electoral Vote): "Electoral College Box Scores 1789–1996". National Archives and Records Administration. Retrieved August 7, 2005.
(a)A Virginia faithless elector, Roger MacBride, though pledged to vote for Richard Nixon and Spiro Agnew, instead voted for Libertarian candidates John Hospers and Theodora Nathan.
(b)In Arizona, Pima and Yavapai counties had a ballot malfunction that counted many votes for both a major party candidate and Linda Jenness of the Socialist Workers Party. A court ordered that the ballots be counted for both. As a consequence, Jenness received 16% and 8% of the vote in Pima and Yavapai, respectively. 30,579 of her 30,945 Arizona votes are from those two counties. Some sources do not count these votes for Jenness.
References
edit- ^ Our Campaigns - US Vice President - R Convention Race - Jul 07, 1952
- ^ Although he was born in Texas and grew up in Kansas before his military career, at the time of his election Eisenhower was president of Columbia University and was, officially, a New York resident. During his first term as president, he moved his private residence to Gettysburg and officially changed his residency to Pennsylvania.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - US President - R Primaries Race - Feb 01, 1956". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 2024-12-01.
- ^ Our Campaigns - US Vice President - R Convention Race - Aug 20, 1956
- ^ There is some confusion about Eisenhower's home state in this election. Both [Leip] and the National Archives give Eisenhower's home state as New York, his state of residence when he was first elected in 1952. There are strong reasons to believe that these two sources are erroneous for 1956: The National Archives cites the Senate Manual as a source, and the Senate Manual has Eisenhower's home state as Pennsylvania. The brief description for the book Republican Party National Convention (26th : 1956 : San Francisco) in the Library of Congress' online catalog refers to “Dwight D. Eisenhower of Pennsylvania”. Finally, the Maryland Manual has Eisenhower residing in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.
- ^ Our Campaigns - US President - R Primaries Race - Feb 01, 1960
- ^ Our Campaigns - US President - R Convention Race - Jul 25, 1960
- ^ Our Campaigns - US President - R Primaries Race - Feb 01, 1964
- ^ Our Campaigns - US President - D Primaries Race - Mar 12, 1968
- ^ Although he was born in California and he served as a US Senator from California, in 1968 Richard Nixon's official state of residence was New York, having moved there to practice law after his defeat in the 1962 California gubernatorial election. During his first term as president, Nixon re-established his residency in California. Consequently, most reliable reference books list Nixon's home state as New York in the 1968 election and his home state as California in the 1972 (and 1960) election.
- ^ "Electoral Votes for President and Vice President". Senate Manual. Government Printing Office. 2005. Retrieved 2006-03-14.
- ^ Our Campaigns - US President - R Primaries Race - Mar 07, 1972
- ^ Our Campaigns - US President - R Convention Race - Aug 21, 1972
- ^ Our Campaigns - NY US President - C Convention Race - Aug 30, 1972