Evergreen Marine Corporation (Chinese: 長榮海運; pinyin: Chángróng Hǎiyùn; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tióng-êng Hái-ūn) is a Taiwanese container transportation and shipping company that is headquartered in Luzhu District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.[5] With over 150 container ships, it is part of the Evergreen Group conglomerate of transportation firms and associated companies.
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 A model of Evergreen's 40ft containers | |
| Company type | Public |
|---|---|
| TWSE: 2603 LSE: EGMD | |
| Industry | Container shipping Marine transportation |
| Founded | 1968 |
| Founder | Chang Yung-fa |
| Headquarters | , |
Area served | Worldwide |
Key people | Cheng-Yung Chang (Chairman)[1][2] |
| Products |
|
| Revenue | NTD 124.467 billion (2016)[3] $4.266 billion (2018)[4] |
| Owner | Evergreen Group |
Number of employees | 10,496 (2020) Evergreen Marine Corp. Taiwan |
| Divisions | Uniglory Marine Corp. (Taiwan) Evergreen UK Ltd. (UK, -2007) Italia Marittima S.p.A. (Italy, -2007) |
| Website | www |
| Evergreen Marine Corporation | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | 長榮海運 | ||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 长荣海运 | ||||||||||
| |||||||||||
Overview
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Evergreen calls on 240 ports worldwide in about 80 countries, and is the sixth largest company in the shipping industry.
Its principal trading routes are East Asia to North America, Central America and the Caribbean; East Asia to the Mediterranean and northern Europe; Europe to the east coast of North America; East Asia to Australia; East Asia to eastern and southern Africa; East Asia to South America; and an intra Asia service linking ports in East Asia to the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea.[6]
The company's activities include: shipping, construction of containers and ships, management of ports, engineering and real estate development. Subsidiaries and divisions include Uniglory Marine Corp. (Taiwan), Evergreen UK Ltd. (UK), and shipping company Italia Marittima S.p.A. (Italy).
In 2007, Hatsu, Italia Marittima, and Evergreen were merged into the single "Evergreen Line."
The majority of Evergreen's shipping containers are painted green with the word "Evergreen" placed on the sides in white letters. Uniglory containers are similarly painted and marked, but those containers are bright orange. Evergreen's refrigerated "reefer" containers have a reverse color scheme (white containers with green lettering).
History
editThe company was founded 1 September 1968 by Yung-Fa Chang. Services began with a single cargo vessel named Central Trust, which operated a "go-anywhere" service.[7] A second vessel was added in 1969, and used on Middle East services.[7] Additional vessels were acquired through the 1970s, and routes to East Asia and Central America were added.[7] Service to the U.S. began in 1974, with the establishment of Evergreen Marine Corporation (New York) Ltd.[7]
In 1981, the parent company changed its name to Evergreen International S.A. (EIS), as the company increased its global expansion efforts.[7] Evergreen Marine began its first circumnavigation shipping services in 1984. This service is bi-directional, covering both westbound and eastbound routings.
In 1992, almost 29,000 rubber ducks called "Friendly Floatees" were unintentionally dumped into the Pacific Ocean from a container lost overboard by the Evergreen ship Ever Laurel.[8]
Since then, Evergreen Marine has expanded to include other shipping companies such as the Uniglory Marine Corp. (Taiwan) in 1984, the Hatsu Marine Ltd. (U.K.) in 2002, and the Italian shipping company Italia Marittima (previously Lloyd Triestino, and founded as "Österreichischer Lloyd" in 1835) in 1993. Uniglory was made a division of the company in 1999.[7] Evergreen Marine has also become a partner of EVA Airways, founded in 1989, and Uni Air, founded in 1998.
In 2002, Evergreen Marine operated 61 container vessels, with a total fleet size totaling 130 vessels with 400,000 TEU (twenty-foot equivalent units).[7] By 2008, Evergreen Marine operated 178 container vessels.[9] In 2009, the company announced plans to build 100 additional vessels, in anticipation of a global economic recovery[10] by 2012.[9]
Accidents and incidents
editEver Summit
editIn January 2019, the Ever Summit crashed into a crane. There were no deaths or injuries.[11]
Ever Luna
editOn December 14th 2014, the container ship Ever Luna collided with the oil tanker Cordelia Moon in Manzanillo, Mexico. There was 1 injured, 1 survivor, and no reported fatalities.
Ever Given
editOn 23 March 2021, the container ship Ever Given became stuck in the Suez Canal, leading to a significant impediment in marine shipping world-wide.[12][13] After nearly a week, tugboats and heavy machinery managed to re-float and free the ship.[14]
Ever Forward
editOn 13 March 2022, the container ship Ever Forward ran aground in the Chesapeake Bay, near Baltimore, Maryland.[15][16] The ship left the dredged navigation channel and became stuck. On 31 March 2022, Evergreen declared General Average after two attempts to refloat the vessel had failed.[17] Containers were removed from the ship to lighten the load, and dredging was also underway to allow the ship to be freed. On the morning of 17 April, coinciding with the rising tide, the vessel was finally refloated.[18]
Operations
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Evergreen Marine's operations primarily center around five general routings:[19]
- East Asia to North America/Central America
- East Asia to Northern Europe/Mediterranean
- Europe to North America (transatlantic)
- East Asia to Southern Hemisphere (intercontinental)
- Intra-Asia
The shipping line's busiest routings are in the first category, East Asia to North America and Central America.[19] Within this area, common traffic is between Taiwan, Japan, Korea, and China with the U.S. West Coast, along with routings to the East Caribbean via Panama.[19]
Terminals
editEvergreen Marine operates four major transshipment hubs, and multiple container terminals.
Transshipment hubs
edit- Taichung Container Terminal, Taiwan
- Kaohsiung Container Terminal, Taiwan
- Colon Container Terminal, Panama
Terminals
edit- Evergreen terminals in Asia, (e.g. Thailand), Europe (e.g. Italy), and elsewhere
- Evergreen terminals in Middle East, North Yard Company
Subsidiaries and divisions
editMaritime lines
edit
Since 2007, the following have been merged into the single Evergreen Line.
- Uniglory Marine Corp. (Taiwan)
- Evergreen UK Ltd. (UK)
- Italia Marittima S.p.A. (Italy)
Service network
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Evergreen Marine's worldwide service network is handled through the following agencies:
- Evergreen Marine Corp. (Taiwan) Ltd.
- Evergreen Korea Corp.
- Evergreen Marine Corp. (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd.
- Evergreen Shipping(Singapore) Pte Ltd.
- Evergreen Shipping Agency (Thailand) Co. Ltd.
- P.T. Evergreen Shipping Agency Indonesia ee'
- Evergreen Vietnam Corp.
- Evergreen Japan Corp.
- Evergreen Marine (Hong Kong) Ltd.
- Evergreen Philippines Corp.
- Evergreen India Private Ltd.
- Evergreen International S.A. / Unigreen Marine S.A.
- Evergreen Shipping Agency (America) Corp.
- Evergreen Shipping Agency (Russia) Ltd.
- Evergreen Marine Australia Pty Ltd.
- Evergreen Shipping Spain
- Evergreen France S.A.
- Evergreen Shipping Agency (Netherlands) B.V.
- Evergreen Deutschland GmbH
- Evergreen Shipping Agency (Poland) Sp. Z o.o.
- Evergreen Gesellschaft M.B.H.
- Evergreen Marine (UK) Ltd.
- Evergreen Agency (Ireland) Ltd.
- Evergreen Shipping Agency (Italy) S.p.A.
- Green Andes (Chile)
- Global Shipping Agencies (Colombia)
- Baridhi Shipping Lines Ltd (Bangladesh)
Fleet
editEvergreen Marine (including Uniglory, Lloyd Triestino & Hatsu) operated 153 container ships with 439,538 twenty-foot equivalent units (TEU) on 1 May 2005. In total, Evergreen Marine operated 178 container ships in 2008.[9]
| Ship class | Built | Capacity (TEU) | Ships in class | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ever Spring-class | 1975–1976 | 646 | 4 | |
| Ever Valor-class | 1977–1979 | 1214 | 7 | |
| Ever Level-class | 1979–1980, 1983 | 1800 | 6 | |
| Ever G-class | 1983 | 2240 | 3 | two branches of G-glass |
| Ever G-class | 1984–1985 | 2728 | 17 | |
| Ever GL/GX-class | 1986–1988 | 3428 | 11 | |
| Ever Racer-class | 1993–1995 | 4229 | 10 | |
| Ever Dainty-class | 1996–1998 | 4163 | 10 | |
| Ever A-class | 1996–1999 | 1162 | 14 | |
| Ever Ultra-class | 1996–2001 | 5364 | 18 | |
| Ever P-class | 1999–2003 | 1618 | 16 | |
| Ever E-class | 2001–2002 | 6336 | 5 | |
| LT Cortesia-class | 2005–2006 | 8100 | 8 | Long-term charter from Conti Reederei |
| Ever S-class | 2005–2008 | 7024 | 10 | |
| Ever L-class | 2012–2015 | 8452–9532 | 30 | |
| Thalassa Hellas-class | 2013–2014 | 13808 | 10 | 9 ship will be under Long-term charter from Enesel 1 ship for Evergreen Marine |
| Triton-class | 2016 | 14424 | 5 | Long-term charter from Costamare |
| Tampa Triumph-class | 2017 | 13656 | 5 | Long-term charter from Costamare |
| Ever B-class | 2017–2019 | 2867–2881 | 20 | |
| Ever G-class | 2018–2019 | 20124–20160 | 11 | Long-term charter from Shoei Kisen Kaisha |
| Ever F-class | 2020–onwards | 11850–12188 | 20 | 8 build by Samsung Heavy Industries for Evergreen Marine 12 to be built by Imabari Shipbuilding and will be under long-term charter from Shoei Kisen Kaisha[20] |
| Ever C-class | 2020–onwards | 1900 | 25 | 10 to be built by Hyundai Mipo Dockyard, 9 to be built by Imabari Shipbuilding, 4 to be built by Tsuneishi Zhoushan and 2 by Jiangsu Yangzijiang and will be under long-term charter from Nissen Kaiun.[20] |
| Ever A-class | 2021–onwards | 23888–23992 | 14 | 6 to be built by Samsung Heavy Industries and 8 by China State Shipbuilding Corporation[21] Will be the largest container ships of Evergreen Marine |
| Ever O-class | 2021–onwards | 2634 | 14 | 10 to be built by Imabari Shipbuilding and 4 to be built at Jiangnan Shipyards.[20] |
| Ever M-class | 2023–onwards | 15500 | 20 | 20 new container ships to be built by Samsung Heavy Industries.[22] |
| 2024–onwards | 1800 | 2 | 2 new container ships to be built by China State Shipbuilding Corporation.[23] | |
| 2024–onwards | 2300 | 11 | 11 new container ships to be built by China State Shipbuilding Corporation.[23] | |
| 2024–onwards | 3000 | 11 | 11 new container ships to be built by China State Shipbuilding Corporation.[23] | |
| 2024–onwards | 24000 | 2 | 2 new container ships to be built at Jiangnan Shipyards.[24] |
The following are vessels transferred between Evergreen Marine and Uniglory Marine (Taiwanese or Panamanian flag) and subsidiaries:
- Lloyd Triestino / Italy (ship name begins with pre-fix "LT", since 2006 with "Ital
- Evergreen UK Ltd. / UK (ship name begins with pre-fix "Ever"): Hatsu Marine was renamed Evergreen UK (previously, Evergreen UK ships, as Hatsu ships, were prefixed with the word "Hatsu", for example, the Hatsu Sigma is now known as the Ever Sigma.)
- Some vessels delivered as new buildings to these subsidiaries.
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ "${Instrument_CompanyName} ${Instrument_Ric} People - Reuters.com". U.S. Retrieved 19 March 2018.
- ^ "EVERGREEN GROUP STOCK SERVICE". stock.evergreen.com.tw. Retrieved 19 March 2018.
- ^ "2016 Annual Report" (PDF). Evergreen Marine Corp. 2016. Retrieved 2008-10-01.
- ^ a b "Currency Conversion". 2018. Retrieved 2018-04-02.
- ^ "Safety, Quality, Environment Policy Archived 2006-03-22 at archive.today." Evergreen Marine. Retrieved on September 29, 2009.
- ^ Evergreen Corporate Profile. Evergreen-marine.com, Retrieved on August 31, 2012
- ^ a b c d e f g Mote, Dave (2008). "Business Encyclopedia - Evergreen Marine Corp". Hoover's Inc. Retrieved 2008-10-01.
- ^ Hohn, Donovan (12 February 2012). "The great escape: the bath toys that swam the Pacific". The Guardian. Retrieved 26 March 2021.
- ^ a b c "Taiwan's Evergreen Marine to build 100 container ships". Archived from the original on 24 April 2009. Retrieved 24 July 2022.
- ^ Stoker, Gerry (2015), Green, Jeremy; Hay, Colin; Taylor-Gooby, Peter (eds.), "Economic Recovery and Governance for the Long-Term", The British Growth Crisis, London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, pp. 105–125, doi:10.1057/9781137441522_5, ISBN 978-1-349-49485-9, retrieved 2021-03-26
- ^ "Crane Collapse Vanterm Vancouver Port Container Ship Traffic". Cbc.ca. Retrieved 2022-07-24.
- ^ "Suez Canal blockage is delaying an estimated $400 million an hour in goods". CNBC. 25 March 2021.
- ^ "How That Massive Container Ship Stuck in the Suez Canal Is Already Costing the World Billions of Dollars". Time. Retrieved 2021-03-26.
- ^ Safi, Michael (29 March 2021). "Suez canal: Ever Given container ship freed after a week". the Guardian. Retrieved 29 March 2021.
[Boskalis] announce that our team of experts, working in close collaboration with the Suez Canal Authority, successfully refloated the Ever Given on 29 March at 15:05 hrs local time, thereby making free passage through the Suez canal possible again
- ^ "Container Ship Aground Outside Patapsco River". Chesapeake Bay Magazine. 2022-03-14. Retrieved 2022-03-15.
- ^ "Ever stuck: Suez container ship's cousin runs aground in US harbor". the Guardian. 2022-03-15. Retrieved 2022-03-15.
- ^ General Average Statement for Ever Forward. Issued by Evergreen Marine Corp. on 31 March 2022. Retrieved 12 April 2022.
- ^ Diaz, Jaclyn (17 April 2022). "The Ever Forward is finally free from the Chesapeake Bay — one month later". NPR. Retrieved 17 April 2022.
- ^ a b c "Evergreen" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on Feb 16, 2012. Retrieved 2009-01-19.
- ^ a b c "EVERGREEN is the Carrier with More Ships Ordered!". Green Ibérica. 2020-01-08. Retrieved 2021-05-31.
- ^ "EVERGREEN Orders Ten More of the World's Largest Container Ships". Green Ibérica. 2019-12-13. Retrieved 2021-04-07.
- ^ "Evergreen Continues Expansion Ordering 20 Boxships for $2.6 Billion". The Maritime Executive. Retrieved 2021-04-07.
- ^ a b c "Evergreen in 24-container ship bonanza". Container News. 2021-09-09. Retrieved 2021-11-26.
- ^ "Evergreen splashes out on 24,000TEU ships and more containers". Container News. 2021-11-08. Retrieved 2021-11-26.
External links
edit
- Evergreen Marine—official website
- 長榮海運—official website (Mandarin)