Family tree of Roman emperors

This is a family tree of Roman emperors, showing only the relationships between the emperors.

27 BC –192 AD

See also: Julio-Claudian family tree, Flavian family tree, and Nerva–Antonine family tree

The emperors from Augustus to Commodus can be organised into one large family tree.

Julius Caesar dictator perpetuo 100–44 BC

Julia Minor died 51 BC

Marcus Atius Balbus 105–51 BC

Atia 85–43 BC

Gaius Octavius c. 100–59 BC

Augustus 63 BC–14 AD r. 27 BC – 14 AD

Livia Drusilla 59 BC–29 AD

Tiberius Claudius Nero c. 80–33 BC

Octavia Minor c. 66–11 BC

Mark Antony triumvir 83–30 BC

Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa 63–12 BC

Julia the Elder 39 BC–14 AD

Tiberius 42 BC–37 AD r. 14–37

Drusus the Elder 38–9 BC

Antonia Minor 36 BC–37 AD

Lucius Aemilius Paullus d. 14

Julia the Younger 19 BC–28 AD

Agrippina the Elder 14 BC–33 AD

Germanicus 16 BC–19 AD

Claudius 10 BC–54 AD r. 41–54

Marcus Torquatus

Aemilia Lepida 4 BC–53 AD

Vespasian 9–79 r. 69–79

Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo 7–67

Milonia Caesonia 6–41

Caligula 12–41 r. 37–41

Agrippina the Younger 15–59

Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus 17 BC–40 AD

Drusus Caesar

Aemilia Lepida

Manius Aemilius Lepidus

Junia Calvina 15–79

Lucius Vitellius the Younger 16–69

Vitellius 15–69 r. 69

Domitian 51–96 r. 81–96

Domitia Longina 53–130

Galba 3 BC–69 AD r. 68–69

Aemilia Lepida

Ulpia

Marcus Ulpius Traianus 30–100

Marcia 33–100

Marcia Furnilla

Titus 39–81 r. 79–81

Nerva 30–98 r. 96–98

Cocceia

Titianus

Otho 32–69 r. 69

Poppaea Sabina 30–65

Nero 37–68 r. 54–68

Publius Aelius Hadrianus Afer

Trajan 53–117 r. 98–117

Ulpia Marciana 48–112

Salonia Matidia 68–119

Hadrian 76–138 r. 117–138

Vibia Sabina 80–137

Rupilia Faustina 87–138

Marcus Annius Verus

Faustina the Elder 100–141

Antoninus 86–161 r. 138–161

Marcus Aurelius 121–180 r. 161–180

Faustina the Younger 125–175

Commodus 161–192 r. 180–192

Lucilla 148–182

Lucius Verus 130–169 r. 161–169

192–235

See also: Severan dynasty family tree

The emperors from Pertinax to the beginning of the Crisis can be organised into one large dynasty (see Severan dynasty family tree), one smaller family and two unrelated emperors.

Pertinax 126–193 r. 192–193

Didius Julianus 133–193 r. 193

Septimius Severus 145–211 r. 193–211

Julia Domna 160–217

Julia Maesa 165–224

Macrinus 165–218 r. 217–218

Caracalla 188–217 r. 211–217

Geta 189–211 r. 211

Julia Soaemias 180–222

Julia Avita Mamaea 180–235

Diadumenian 208–218 r. 218

Elagabalus 203–222 r. 218–222

Severus Alexander 208–235 r. 222–235

235–284

See also: Gordian dynasty family tree

The emperors during the fifty-year period of the Crisis can be organised into eight families and six unrelated emperors, although no family held power for more than fifteen years.

Maximinus I 173–238 r. 235–238

Gordian I 159–238 r. 238–238

Pupienus 178–238 r. 238–238

Balbinus 165–238 r. 238–238

Gordian II 192–238 r. 238–238

Antonia Gordiana b. 201

Philip 204–249 r. 244–249

Decius 201–251 r. 249–251

Gallus 206–253 r. 251–253

Aemilianus 210–253 r. 253–253

Gordian III 225–244 r. 238–244

Valerian 200–260 r. 253–260

Philip II r. 247–249

Etruscus 227–251 r. 251–251

Hostilian 230–251 r. 251–251

Volusianus d. 253 r. 251–253

Claudius II 213–270 r. 268–270

Quintillus 220–270 r. 270–270

Gallienus 218–268 r. 253–268

Aurelian 214–275 r. 270–275

Tacitus 200–276 r. 275–276

Florianus d. 276 r. 276

Probus 232–282 r. 276–282

Carus 230–283 r. 282–283

Carinus d. 285 r. 283–285

Numerian d. 284 r. 283–284

284–518

See also: Simplified family tree of Tetrarchs, Constantinian dynasty family tree, Valentinianic dynasty family tree, and Theodosian dynasty family tree

The emperors from the founding of the Dominate in 284, in the West until 476 and in the East until 518, can be organised into one large dynasty plus various unrelated emperors. During most of this periods, though not always, there where two senior emperors ruling in separate courts. This division became permanent after the death of Theodosius I in 395.

  Western Roman Empire
  Eastern Roman Empire

Diocletian 244–311 r. 284–305

Prisca d. 315

Afranius Hannibalian

Eutropia d. 325

Maximian 250–310 r. 286–305

Valeria

Galerius 260–311 r. 305–311

unknown sister

Severus II r. 306–307

Maximiana Theodora

Constantius I 250–306 r. 305–306

Julia Helena 250–330

Maxentius 278–312 r. 306–312

Valeria Maximilla

Maximinus II 270–313 r. 311–313

Eutropia d. 350

Julius Constantius d. 337

Licinius c.265–325 r. 311–324

Constantia 293–330

Constantine I 272–337 r. 306–337

Fausta 289–326

Valerius Valens r. 316–317

Martinian r. 324

Nepotianus r. 350

Julianus II 331–363 r. 361–363

Helena d. 360

Constantine II 316–340 r. 337–340

Constantius II 317–361 r. 337–361

Constans I 323–350 r. 337–350

Magnentius r. 350–353

Jovian 331–364 r. 363–364

Procopius (cousin) r. 365–366

Marina Severa d. 375

Valentinian I 321–375 r. 364–375

Justina d. 388

Valens 328–378 r. 364–378

Magnus Maximus r. 383–388

Constantia 362–383

Gratian 359–383 r. 375–383

Aelia Flaccilla d. 385

Theodosius I 347–395 r. 379–395

Galla d. 394

Valentinian II 371–392 r. 388–392

Victor c. r. 385–388

Eugenius r. 392–394

Constantine III r. 407–411

Priscus Attalus r. 409

Honorius 384–423 r. 395–423

Arcadius 377–408 r. 395–408

Galla Placidia 392–450

Constantius III r. 421

Constans II r. 409–411

Marcian 396–457 r. 450–457

Pulcheria 399–453

Theodosius II 401–450 r. 408–450

Joannes r. 423–424

unknown brother

Leo I 401–474 r. 457–474

Verina d. 484

Basiliscus r. 475–476

Euphemia

Anthemius 420–472 r. 467–472

Petronius Maximus 397–455 r. 455

Licinia Eudoxia 422–462

Valentinian III 419–455 r. 425–455

Marcus r. 475–476

Avitus 385–456 r. 455–456

Majorian 420–461 r. 457–461

Severus III r. 461–465

Olybrius r. 472

Placidia

Glycerius r. 473–474

niece of Leo I

Julius Nepos r. 474–475

Zeno r. 474–475 r. 476–491

Ariadne 450–515

Anastasius I 430–518 r. 491–518

Leontia

Marcianus

Orestes c. 420–476

Leo II 467–474 r. 474

Romulus c. 465–520? r. 475–476

Later eastern emperors

Further information: Family tree of Byzantine emperors

References

Sources

• Everitt, Anthony (2007). Augustus: the life of Rome's first emperor. New York: Random House Trade Paperbacks. ISBN 978-0-8129-7058-6.