FIPS state codes were numeric and two-letter alphabetic codes defined in U.S. Federal Information Processing Standard Publication ("FIPS PUB") 5-2 to identify U.S. states and certain other associated areas. The standard superseded FIPS PUB 5-1 on May 28, 1987, and was superseded on September 2, 2008, by ANSI standard INCITS 38:2009.[1]
The codes are used in Geographic Names Information System, overseen by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names. The codes were assigned by NIST and each uniquely identified a state, the District of Columbia, or an outlying area of the U.S. These codes were used by the U.S. Census Bureau, the Department of Agriculture to form milk-processing plant numbers, some cash registers during check approval, and in the Emergency Alert System (EAS).
The FCC assigned additional numeric codes used with the EAS for territorial waters of the U.S., but these were not part of the FIPS standard.
The FIPS state alpha code for each U.S. states and the District of Columbia are identical to the postal abbreviations by the United States Postal Service. From September 3, 1987, the same was true of the alpha code for each of the outlying areas, with the exception of U.S. Minor Outlying Islands (UM) as the USPS routes mail for these islands indirectly.
Each of the various minor outlying islands that fell within alpha code UM had an individual numeric code, but no individual alpha code.
On September 2, 2008, FIPS 5-2 was one of ten standards withdrawn by NIST as a Federal Information Processing Standard.[2]
FIPS state codes
editThe following table enumerates the FIPS state alpha and numeric codes for the states, the District of Columbia, the outlying areas of the United States, the freely associated states, and trust territory, and FIPS state numeric codes for the individual minor outlying island territories.
Only actual U.S. states and the District of Columbia had FIPS state numeric codes in the range 01 through 56.
FIPS PUB 5-1 (published on June 15, 1970, and superseded by FIPS PUB 5-2 on May 28, 1987) stated that certain numeric codes "are reserved for possible future use in identifying American Samoa (03), Canal Zone (07), Guam (14), Puerto Rico (43), and Virgin Islands (52)", but these codes were omitted from FIPS PUB 5-2 without comment. These areas are marked with a * and highlighted in red in the table below.[3]
For states, the "Status" column in the table below includes a link to a list of the counties (boroughs and census areas in Alaska; parishes in Louisiana) for that state including the county codes as defined in FIPS PUB 6-4. The listings of counties for other areas are set out at the end of this article.
| Name | Alpha code | Numeric code | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | AL | 01 | State; counties |
| Alaska | AK | 02 | State; boroughs |
| American Samoa | AS | 60 | Outlying area under U.S. sovereignty |
| American Samoa * | 03 | (FIPS 5-1 reserved code) | |
| Arizona | AZ | 04 | State; counties |
| Arkansas | AR | 05 | State; counties |
| Baker Island | 81 | Minor outlying island territory | |
| California | CA | 06 | State; counties |
| Canal Zone * | 07 | (FIPS 5-1 reserved code) | |
| Colorado | CO | 08 | State; counties |
| Connecticut | CT | 09 | State; counties |
| Delaware | DE | 10 | State; counties |
| District of Columbia | DC | 11 | Federal district[4] |
| Florida | FL | 12 | State; counties |
| Federated States of Micronesia | FM | 64 | Freely Associated State |
| Georgia | GA | 13 | State; counties |
| Guam * | 14 | (FIPS 5-1 reserved code) | |
| Guam | GU | 66 | Outlying area under U.S. sovereignty |
| Hawaii | HI | 15 | State; counties |
| Howland Island | 84 | Minor outlying island territory | |
| Idaho | ID | 16 | State; counties |
| Illinois | IL | 17 | State; counties |
| Indiana | IN | 18 | State; counties |
| Iowa | IA | 19 | State; counties |
| Jarvis Island | 86 | Minor outlying island territory | |
| Johnston Atoll | 67 | Minor outlying island territory | |
| Kansas | KS | 20 | State; counties |
| Kentucky | KY | 21 | State; counties |
| Kingman Reef | 89 | Minor outlying island territory | |
| Louisiana | LA | 22 | State; parishes |
| Maine | ME | 23 | State; counties |
| Marshall Islands | MH | 68 | Freely Associated State |
| Maryland | MD | 24 | State; counties |
| Massachusetts | MA | 25 | State; counties |
| Michigan | MI | 26 | State; counties |
| Midway Islands | 71 | Minor outlying island territory | |
| Minnesota | MN | 27 | State; counties |
| Mississippi | MS | 28 | State; counties |
| Missouri | MO | 29 | State; counties |
| Montana | MT | 30 | State; counties |
| Navassa Island | 76 | Minor outlying island territory | |
| Nebraska | NE | 31 | State; counties |
| Nevada | NV | 32 | State; counties |
| New Hampshire | NH | 33 | State; counties |
| New Jersey | NJ | 34 | State; counties |
| New Mexico | NM | 35 | State; counties |
| New York | NY | 36 | State; counties |
| North Carolina | NC | 37 | State; counties |
| North Dakota | ND | 38 | State; counties |
| Northern Mariana Islands | MP | 69 | Outlying area under U.S. sovereignty |
| Ohio | OH | 39 | State; counties |
| Oklahoma | OK | 40 | State; counties |
| Oregon | OR | 41 | State; counties |
| Palau | PW | 70 | Freely Associated State |
| Palmyra Atoll | 95 | Minor outlying island territory | |
| Pennsylvania | PA | 42 | State; counties |
| Puerto Rico * | 43 | (FIPS 5-1 reserved code) | |
| Puerto Rico | PR | 72 | Outlying area under U.S. sovereignty |
| Rhode Island | RI | 44 | State; counties |
| South Carolina | SC | 45 | State; counties |
| South Dakota | SD | 46 | State; counties |
| Tennessee | TN | 47 | State; counties |
| Texas | TX | 48 | State; counties |
| U.S. Minor Outlying Islands | UM | 74 | Minor outlying island territories (aggregated) |
| Utah | UT | 49 | State; counties |
| Vermont | VT | 50 | State; counties |
| Virginia | VA | 51 | State; counties |
| Virgin Islands of the U.S. * | 52 | (FIPS 5-1 reserved code) | |
| Virgin Islands of the U.S. | VI | 78 | Outlying area under U.S. sovereignty |
| Wake Island | 79 | Minor outlying island territory | |
| Washington | WA | 53 | State; counties |
| West Virginia | WV | 54 | State; counties |
| Wisconsin | WI | 55 | State; counties |
| Wyoming | WY | 56 | State; counties |
County codes
editSupplemental codes for maritime areas
editThe Emergency Alert System (EAS) and the weather radio service provided by NOAA use these codes to supplement FIPS PUB 5-2 to include certain maritime areas.[5]
| EAS code | Maritime area |
|---|---|
| 57 | Pacific coast from Washington to California |
| 58 | Alaskan coast |
| 59 | Hawaiian coast |
| 61 | American Samoa waters |
| 65 | Mariana Islands waters (including Guam) |
| 73 | Atlantic coast from Maine to Virginia |
| 75 | Atlantic coast from North Carolina to Florida, and the coasts of Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands |
| 77 | Gulf of Mexico |
| 91 | Lake Superior |
| 92 | Lake Michigan |
| 93 | Lake Huron |
| 94 | St. Clair River, Detroit River, and Lake St. Clair |
| 96 | Lake Erie |
| 97 | Niagara River and Lake Ontario |
| 98 | St. Lawrence River |
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ FIPS 5-2 timeline
- "Codes for the Identification of the States, the District of Columbia and the Outlying Areas of the United States, and Associated Areas (FIPS PUB 5-2)". United States Census Bureau. June 15, 1970. Archived from the original on July 5, 2009. Retrieved July 1, 2009.
- "Withdrawn FIPS Listed by Number". National Institute of Standards and Technology. March 26, 2009. Archived from the original on June 4, 2009. Retrieved July 1, 2009.
- "American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Codes for States". United States Census Bureau. June 25, 2018. Retrieved May 1, 2020.
- ^ National Institute of Standards and Technology (September 2, 2008). "Announcing Approval of the Withdrawal of Ten Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS)". Federal Register. 73: 51276. 73 FR 51276
- ^ "States and Outlying Areas of the United States (FIPS PUB 5-1)" (PDF). U.S. Government Printing Office. June 15, 1970. Retrieved July 1, 2009.
- ^ The federal district of the United States has one city, the City of Washington, which is coterminous with the single county, District of Columbia County
- ^ "CFR Title 47 PART 11 Subpart B § 11.31: EAS protocol". Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. U.S. Government Printing Office. September 2, 2016. Retrieved September 2, 2016.
External links
edit- "Domestic Names - State and Topical Gazetteer Download Files". U.S. Board on Geographic Names. June 30, 2009. Retrieved July 1, 2009.