List of mayors of Hamburg

(Redirected from First Mayor of Hamburg)

The following is a chronological list of mayors of Hamburg, a city-state in Germany. The mayors are the head of the city-state, part of the government of Hamburg. Since 1861, according to the constitution of 28 September 1860, the state has been governed by the ten-member Senate, which had previously been called the council (in the German language of that time: Rath). It is headed by the first mayor of Hamburg (German title: Erster Bürgermeister der Freien und Hansestadt Hamburg) as the president of the Senate. The deputy is the second mayor.

First Mayor of Hamburg
Erster Bürgermeister der Freien und Hansestadt Hamburg (German)
since 28 March 2018
TypeLord Mayor
Head of government
Member ofSenate of Hamburg
AppointerHamburg Parliament
Term lengthPending resignation or the election of a successor
Constituting instrumentConstitution of Hamburg
Formation1293
DeputySecond Mayor

For much of its history, Hamburg was a free imperial city and later a sovereign state; the position of First Mayor historically was equivalent to that of a sovereign head of state. In the 1871–1918 German Empire, the Hamburg First Mayor was equivalent to the federal princes of the 23 German monarchies (4 of whom held the title of King and the others holding titles such as Grand Duke, Duke or Sovereign Prince). Since 1918, the position is equivalent to that of the minister-presidents of the (West) German states.

Prior to World War I, the two mayors were elected for one-year terms. Until 1997, the first mayor was primus inter pares among, and was elected by, the members of the Senate. Since then, the Hamburg Parliament (German: Hamburgische Bürgerschaft) has elected the first mayor; the first mayor is able to appoint and dismiss other senators.

1293–1860

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The function of burgomaster (mayor) was usually held simultaneously by three persons, serving as an executive college. One of the three being burgomaster in chief for a year, the second being the prior burgomaster in chief, the third being the upcoming one. Therefore, sometimes up to three names are mentioned for one year, since the names of the three appear in deeds, signed with or mentioning their names. The names in the list from 1239 until 1820 were archived in a book by Johann August Meister (1820). This is an incomplete list of burgomasters and uses the spelling in Meister's book, which is preserved in the Hamburg state library. After 1820 the list were added by hand.[1] On 6 August 1806 Hamburg gained sovereignty as an independent country. From 1811 to 1814 Hamburg was part of France in the Bouches-de-l'Elbe.[2]

If another reference is not noted, all mayors are taken from: Domizlaff. Das Hamburger Rathaus.

Name Image In office Note
Hartwicus de Erteneborch 1293
Werner de Metzendorp 1293
Johann Miles 1300
Henricus Longus 1300
Johann, filius Oseri 1300
Johann de Monte 1325
Henricus de Hetfield 1325
Nicolaus Fransoisser 1341
Nicolaus de Monte 1341
Hellingbernus Hetvelt 1341
Johann Horborch 1343
Thidericus uppen Perde 1343
Johann Militis 1347
Hinrich Hoop 1350
Thidericus uppen Perde 1350
Henricus de Monte 1356
Henricus Hoyeri 1361 Also known as Hein Hoyer
Bertrammus Horborch 1366
Werner de Wighersen 1367
Ludolfus de Holdenstedte 1375
Christian Militis 1378 Also known as Kersten Miles
Henricus (Heino) Ybing 1381
Johannes Hoyeri 1389
Marquard Schreye 1319
Meinard Buxtehude 1397
Hilmar Lopow 1401
Johann Lüneborg 1411
Henricus de Monte 1413
Henricus Hoyeri 1417
Johannes Wighe (Wye) 1420
Bernhard Borstelt 1422
Vicco de Hove 1431
Simon van Utrecht 1433
Hinrich Köting 1493
Thidericus Lüneborg 1443
Detlev Bremer 1447
Henricus Lopow 1451
Thidericus Gerlefstorp 1492
Henricus Lesemann 1458
Erich de Tzevena 1464
Albert Schilling 1464
Hinrich Murmester 1466
Johann Meiger 1472
Johann Huge 1478
Nicolaus de Schworen 1480
Hermann Langenbeck   1481
Henning Büring 1486
Christian Berchampe 1492
Erich von Tzeven 1499
Detlev Bremer 1499
Bartholomäus vom Rhyne 1505
Marquard vam Lo 1507–1519 [2]
Johann Spreckelsen 1512
Nicolaus Thode 1517
Thidericus Hohusen 1517
unoccupied 1519–1520 Second Mayor was Dietrich [Thidericus?] Hohusen (1517–1546)[2]
Erhard vom Holte 1520–1529 Also Gerhard vom Holte[2]
Hinrich Salsborg 1523
Johann Hülpe 1524
Johann Wetken 1529–1533 [2]
Paul Grote 1531
Albert Westede 1533–1538 [2]
Johann Rodenborg 1536
Peter von Spreckelsen 1538–1553 [2]
Jürgen Plate 1546
Matthias Rheder 1547
Ditmar Koel 1548
Albert Hackmann 1553–1580 [2]
unoccupied 1580–1581 Second Mayor was Paul Grote (1580–1584)[2]
Lorenz Niebur 1557
Hermann Wetken 1564
Eberhard Moller 1571
Paul Grote 1580
Johann Niebur 1557 (1581–1590)[2]
Nicolaus Vögeler 1581
Joachim vom Kape 1588
Diedrich von Eitzen 1589
unoccupied 1590–1591 Second Mayor: Joachim von Kape (1588–1594)[2]
Erich von der Fechte 1591–1613 [2]
Joachim Bekendorp 1593
Diederich vom Holte 1595
Vincent Moller 1599
Eberhard Twestreng 1606
Hieronimus Vögeler 1609
unoccupied 1613–1614 Second Mayor: Hieronymus Vögeler (1609–1642)[2]
Sebastian von Bergen   1614–1623 [2]
Johann Wetken 1614
Bartholomäus Beckmann 1617
Joachim Clan 1622
Albert von Eitzen 1623
unoccupied 1623–1624
Ulrich Winkel 1624–1649 [2]
Johannes Brand 1633–1652
Bartholomäus Moller 1643
unoccupied 1649–1650 Second Mayor: Bartholomäus Moller (1643–1667)[2]
Nicolaus Jarre 1650–1678 [2]
Johann Schlebusch 1653
Peter Lütkens 1654
Wolfgang Meurer 1660
Bartholomäus Twestreng 1663
Johannes Schötteringk 1667
Johann Schulte 1668
Broderus Pauli   1670–1680
Johann Schröder 1676
Heinrich Meurer 1678–1684 (First term)[2]
Diedrich Moller 1680
Johann Schlüter   1684–1688 [2]
Joachim Lemmermann 1684
Heinrich Meurer 1686 (1688–1690) Second term[2]
Peter Lütkens   1687–1717
Johannes Schafshausen   1690–1697 [2]
Hieronimus Harticus Moller 1697
Peter von Lengerke (or Lengerks) 1697–1709 [2]
Julius Surland 1702
Gerhard Schröder   1703
Paul Paulsen 1704
Lucas von Borstel   1709–1716 [2]
Ludwig Becceler 1712
Bernhard Matfeldt 1716–1720 [2]
Garlieb Sillem   1717
Hinrich Diedrich Wiese 1720–1728 (or Heinrich Dietrich Wiese)[2]
Hans Jacob Faber   1722
Johann Anderson   1723
Rütger Rulant 1728–1742 [2]
Daniel Stockfleth   1729
Martin Lucas Schele 1733
Johann H. Luis 1739
Cornelius Poppe 1741
Conrad Widow   1742–1754 (1743–1754)[2]
Nicolaus Stempeel 1743
Clemens Samuel Lipstrop 1749
Lucas von Spreckelsen 1750
Martin H. Schele 1751
Lucas Corthum 1751
Nicolaus Schuback 1759 (1754–1783)[2]
Peter Greve 1759
Vincent Rumpff   1765
Johann Schlüter 1774
Albert Schulte 1778
Frans Doormann   1780
Jacob Albrecht von Sienen 1781
Johann Anderson 1781 (1783–1790)[2]
Johann Luis 1784
Johann Adolph Poppe 1786
Martin Dorner 1788
Franz Anton Wagener 1790–1801 [2]
Daniel Lienau 1798
Peter Hinrich Widow 1800–1802
Friedrich von Graffen 1801–1810 First term[2]
Wilhelm Amsinck   1802
Johann Arnold Heise   1807
Amandus Augustus Abendroth   1811–1813[2] Not included in the Meister's book.[3]
Friedrich von Graffen 1815–1820 Second term[2]
Christian Matthias Schröder   1816
Johann Heinrich Bartels   1820–1850
Johann Daniel Koch   1821
Martin Garlieb Sillem   1829
Amandus Augustus Abendroth   1831
Martin Hieronymus Schrötteringk 1832
Christian Daniel Benecke   1835
Heinrich Kellinghusen   1842
Johann Ludwig Dammert 1843
Nicolaus Binder   1855
unoccupied 1850–1861 Second Mayor: Christian Daniel Benecke (1835–1851)
Third Mayor: Heinrich Kellinghusen (1842–1880)
Fourth Mayor: Nicolaus Binder (1855–1861)
All:[2]

Hamburg (1860–1919)

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Since 1860 Hamburg had a constitution. Members of the Hamburg senate were elected by the Hamburg Parliament—not coopted by the existing senate. They were lifelong members of the senate. From the three eldest and juristic trained members the senate elected annually the First Mayor of Hamburg (German title: Erster Bürgermeister der Freien und Hansestadt Hamburg) – the presiding head – and his deputy (Second Mayor of the Free and Hanseatic city of Hamburg, German title: Zweiter Bürgermeister der Freien und Hansestadt Hamburg).

Description of the method
Year First mayor Second mayor „sabbatical year"
1 Senator A Senator B Senator C
2 Senator B Senator C Senator A
3 Senator C Senator A Senator B
4 Senator A Senator B Senator C

All mayors are taken from Domizlaff: Das Hamburger Rathaus and are listed in Erste Bürgermeister Hamburgs 1507–2008, only changes in dates are marked by an added reference.

Name Image In office Note
Friedrich Sieveking   1861–1862
Ferdinand Haller   1863–1864
Friedrich Sieveking   1865
Ferdinand Haller   1866–1867 (−1868)[2]
Friedrich Sieveking   1868
Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer   1869
Ferdinand Haller   1870

German Reich (1871–1945)

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German Empire (1871–1918)

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Portrait Name
(Born–Died)
Term of office Political party
Took office Left office Days
German Empire (1871–1918)
City of the German Reich
  Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer
(1808–1887)
1 January 1871 31 December 1872 730
  Ferdinand Haller[2]
(1805–1876)
1 January 1873 31 December 1873 364
  Hermann Goßler
(1802–1877)
1 January 1874 31 December 1874 364
  Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer
(1808–1887)
1 January 1875 31 December 1875 364
  Carl Friedrich Petersen
(1809–1892)
1 January 1876 31 December 1877 730
  Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer
(1808–1887)
1 January 1878 31 December 1878 364
  Hermann Weber
(1822–1886)
1 January 1879 31 December 1879 729
  Carl Friedrich Petersen
(1809–1892)
1 January 1880 31 December 1880 365
  Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer
(1808–1887)
1 January 1881 31 December 1881 364
  Hermann Weber
(1822–1886)
1 January 1882 31 December 1882 364
  Carl Friedrich Petersen
(1809–1892)
1 January 1883 31 December 1883 364
  Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer
(1808–1887)
1 January 1884 31 December 1884 365
  Hermann Weber
(1822–1886)
1 January 1885 31 December 1885 364
  Carl Friedrich Petersen
(1809–1892)
1 January 1886 31 December 1886 364
  Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer
(1808–1887)
1 January 1887 3 March 1887 61
  Johannes Versmann
(1820–1899)
14 March 1887 31 December 1888 658
  Carl Friedrich Petersen
(1809–1892)
1 January 1889 31 December 1889 364
  Johann Georg Mönckeberg
(1839–1908)
1 January 1890 31 December 1890 364
  Johannes Versmann
(1820–1899)
1 January 1891 31 December 1891 364
  Carl Friedrich Petersen
(1809–1892)
1 January 1892 31 December 1892 365
  Johann Georg Mönckeberg
(1839–1908)
1 January 1893 31 December 1893 364
  Johannes Versmann
(1820–1899)
1 January 1894 31 December 1894 364
Johannes Lehmann
(1826–1901)
1 January 1895 31 December 1895 364
  Johann Georg Mönckeberg
(1839–1908)
1 January 1896 31 December 1896 365
  Johannes Versmann
(1820–1899)
1 January 1897 31 December 1897 364
Johannes Lehmann
(1826–1901)
1 January 1898 31 December 1898 364
  Johann Georg Mönckeberg
(1839–1908)
1 January 1899 31 December 1899 364
Johannes Lehmann
(1826–1901)
1 January 1900 15 September 1900 257
  Gerhard Hachmann
(1838–1904)
19 November 1900 31 December 1901 407
  Johann Georg Mönckeberg
(1839–1908)
1 January 1902 31 December 1902 364
  Johann Heinrich Burchard
(1852–1912)
1 January 1903 31 December 1903 364
  Gerhard Hachmann
(1838–1904)
1 January 1904 5 July 1904 186
  Johann Georg Mönckeberg
(1839–1908)
5 July 1904 31 December 1905 544
  Johann Heinrich Burchard
(1852–1912)
1 January 1906 31 December 1906 364
  Johann Otto Stammann
(1835–1909)
1 January 1907 31 December 1907 364
  Johann Georg Mönckeberg
(1839–1908)
1 January 1908 27 March 1908 365
  Johann Heinrich Burchard
(1852–1912)
3 April 1908 31 December 1909 637
  Max Predöhl
(1854–1923)
1 January 1910 31 December 1911 729
  Johann Heinrich Burchard
1852–1912)
1 January 1912 6 September 1912 249
  Carl August Schröder
(1855–1945)
3 September 1912 31 December 1913 484
  Max Predöhl
(1854–1923)
1 January 1914 31 December 1914 364
  Werner von Melle
(1853–1937)
1 January 1915 31 December 1915 364
  Carl August Schröder
(1855–1945)
1 January 1916 31 December 1916 365
  Max Predöhl
(1854–1923)
1 January 1917 31 December 1917 364
  Werner von Melle
(1853–1937)
1 January 1918 12 November 1918 315
List of Second Mayors from 1860 to 1919
Name Image In office Note
Ascan Wilhelm Lutteroth   1862–1863
Friedrich Sieveking   1864
Ascan Wilhelm Lutteroth Legat   1865–1866
Friedrich Sieveking   1867
Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer   1868
Ferdinand Haller   1869
Hermann Goßler   1870–1871
Ferdinand Haller   1872
Hermann Goßler   1873
Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer   1874
Ferdinand Haller   1875
Hermann Weber   1876
Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer   1877
Hermann Weber   1878
Carl Friedrich Petersen   1879
Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer   1880
Hermann Weber   1881
Carl Friedrich Petersen   1882
Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer   1883
Hermann Weber   1884
Carl Friedrich Petersen   1885
Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer   1886
Johannes Versmann   1 January 1887 – 14 March 1887
Max Theodor Hayn 14 March 1887 – 31 December 1887
Carl Friedrich Petersen   1888
Johann Georg Mönckeberg   1889
Johannes Versmann   1890
Carl Friedrich Petersen   1891
Johann Georg Mönckeberg   1892
Johannes Versmann   1893
Johannes Lehmann 1894
Johann Georg Mönckeberg   1895
Johannes Versmann   1896
Johannes Lehmann 1897
Johann Georg Mönckeberg   1898
Johannes Versmann   1899
Johannes Lehmann 5 July 1899 – 31 December 1899
Gerhard Hachmann   1 January 1900 – 19 November 1900
Johann Georg Mönckeberg   19 November 1900 – 1901
Johann Heinrich Burchard   1902
Gerhard Hachmann   1903
Johann Georg Mönckeberg   1 January 1904 – 11 July 1904
Johann Heinrich Burchard   11 July 1904 – 1905
Johann Otto Stammann   1906
Johann Georg Mönckeberg   1907
Johann Heinrich Burchard   1 January 1908 – 3 April 1908
William Henry O'Swald   3 April 1908 – 1909
Carl August Schröder   1910
Johann Heinrich Burchard   1911
Carl August Schröder   1 January 1912 – 13 September 1912
Max Predöhl   13 September 1912 – 1913
Werner von Melle   1914
Carl August Schröder   1915
Max Predöhl   1916
Werner von Melle   1917
Carl August Schröder   1918–1919

Weimar Republic (1919–1933)

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During the German Revolution of 1918–1919 an Arbeiter- und Soldatenrat (workers' and soldiers' council) was formed. From 12 November 1918 to 1919, a chairman was the head of state and city government: Heinrich Lauffenberg (−1919), Carl Hense (1919).[2] This is not mentioned in Domizlaff: Das Hamburger Rathaus. The period in Germany after the First World War until the takeover of power – by the Nazi Party in 1933 – is called Weimar Republic. The Hamburg Parliament was democratically elected.

First Mayor of Hamburg
Portrait Name
(Born–Died)
Term of office Political party
Took office Left office Days
  Werner von Melle[2]
(1853–1937)
31 March 1919 31 December 1919 275
  Friedrich Sthamer
(1856–1931)
1 January 1920 1 February 1920 31
  Arnold Diestel[2]
(1857–1924)
2 February 1920 31 December 1923 1428 German Democratic Party
  Carl Wilhelm Petersen
(1868–1933)
1 January 1924 31 December 1929 2191 German Democratic Party
  Rudolf Ross
(1872–1951)
1 January 1930 31 December 1931 729 Social Democratic Party
  Carl Wilhelm Petersen
(1868–1933)
1 January 1932 30 January 1933 760 German Democratic Party
Second Mayor of Hamburg
Party Took office Left office
Otto Stolten SPD 31 March 1919 1925
Max Schramm SPD 1925 4 April 1928
Rudolf Ross SPD 5 April 1928 31 December 1929
Carl Wilhelm Petersen DDP 1 January 1930 31 December 1931
Rudolf Ross SPD 1 January 1932 30 January 1933

Nazi Germany (1933–1945)

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In Nazi Germany the "Law on the Reconstruction of the Reich" (Gesetz über den Neuaufbau des Reiches) of 30 January 1934 abandoned the concept of a federal republic. The political institutions of the Länder were abolished altogether, passing all powers to the central government. The Hamburg Parliament was dissolved. The First Mayor was appointed by the Reich Interior Minister, though Hitler himself reserved the right to appoint him (as was also the case with Berlin and Vienna). The actual head of the Hamburg executive was the Reichsstatthalter (Regional Governor) Karl Kaufmann (1933–1945).[4]

Name Took office Left office Party
Carl Wilhelm Petersen 30 January 1933 7 March 1933 German People’s Party
Carl Vincent Krogmann[2] 8 March 1933 3 May 1945 NSDAP
Second Mayor
Name Took office Left office Party
Rudolf Ross 30 January 1933 3 March 1933 Social Democratic Party
Wilhelm Burchard-Motz 8 March 1933 18 May 1933 German People's Party

Colonel Robert Gordon Kitchen VI, Governor of Hamburg during the control of the British Army 1945–1946.

Hamburg (1945–present)

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Mayors during the federal parliamentary republic of Germany.

Political party key:   SPD   CDU

First Mayor and President of the Senate of Hamburg
Portrait Name
(Born–Died)
Term of office Political party
Took office Left office Days
Hamburg (1945–1949)
British occupation zone in Allied-occupied Germany
Rudolf Petersen
(1878–1962)
Appointed by the British military
15 May 1945 22 November 1946 556 Christian Democratic Union
1   Max Brauer
First term
(1887–1973)
22 November 1946 23 May 1949 913 Social Democratic Party
Hamburg (1949–present)
City-state of the Federal Republic of Germany
(1)   Max Brauer
First term
(1887–1973)
23 May 1949 2 December 1953 1654 Social Democratic Party
2   Kurt Sieveking
(1897–1986)
2 December 1953 4 December 1957 1463 Christian Democratic Union
2
(1)
  Max Brauer
Second term
(1887–1973)
4 December 1957 31 December 1960
(resigned)
1123 Social Democratic Party
4   Paul Nevermann
(1902–1979)
1 January 1961 9 June 1965
(resigned)
1620 Social Democratic Party
5   Herbert Weichmann
(1896–1983)
9 June 1965 9 June 1971
(resigned)
2191 Social Democratic Party
6   Peter Schulz
(1930–2013)
9 June 1971 4 November 1974
(resigned)
1244 Social Democratic Party
7   Hans-Ulrich Klose[5]
(1937–2023)
12 November 1974 22 May 1981
(resigned)
2383 Social Democratic Party
8   Klaus von Dohnanyi
(born 1928)
24 June 1981 8 June 1988 2541 Social Democratic Party
9   Henning Voscherau[6][7]
(1941–2016)
8 June 1988 8 October 1997
(resigned)
3409 Social Democratic Party
10   Ortwin Runde[8]
(born 1944)
12 November 1997 31 October 2001 1449 Social Democratic Party
11   Ole von Beust
(born 1955)
31 October 2001 25 August 2010
(resigned)
3220 Christian Democratic Union
12   Christoph Ahlhaus
(born 1969)
25 August 2010 7 March 2011 194 Christian Democratic Union
13   Olaf Scholz
(born 1958)
7 March 2011 13 March 2018
(resigned)
2563 Social Democratic Party
14   Peter Tschentscher
(born 1966)
28 March 2018 Incumbent 2446 Social Democratic Party
Second Mayor of Hamburg
Name Took office Left office Party
Adolph Schönfelder
(1875–1966)
6 June 1945 15 November 1946 Social Democratic Party
Christian Koch
(1878–1955)
19 November 1946 18 February 1950 Free Democratic Party
Paul Nevermann
(1902–1979)
24 February 1950 2 December 1953 Social Democratic Party
Edgar Engelhard
(1917–1979)
2 December 1953 27 April 1966 Free Democratic Party
Wilhelm Drexelius
(1906–1974)
27 April 1966 2 April 1970 Social Democratic Party
Peter Schulz
(1930–2013)
22 April 1970 9 June 1971 Social Democratic Party
Helmuth Kern
(1926–2016)
9 June 1971 3 October 1972 Social Democratic Party
Hans Rau
(1925–1995)
3 October 1972 30 April 1974 Free Democratic Party
Dieter Biallas
(1936–2016)
30 April 1974 28 June 1978 Free Democratic Party
Helga Elstner
(1924–2012)
28 June 1978 13 June 1984 Social Democratic Party
Alfons Pawelczyk
(born 1933)
13 June 1984 2 September 1987 Social Democratic Party
Ingo von Münch
(born 1932)
2 September 1987 26 June 1991 Free Democratic Party
Hans-Jürgen Krupp
(born 1933)
26 June 1991 1 December 1993 Social Democratic Party
Erhard Rittershaus
(1931–2006)
15 December 1993 12 November 1997 Statt party
Krista Sager[9]
(born 1953)
12 November 1997 31 October 2001 Alliance '90/The Greens
Ronald Schill[8]
(born 1958)
31 October 2001 19 August 2003 Party for a Rule of Law Offensive
Mario Mettbach[10]
(born 1952)
21 August 2003 17 March 2004 Party for a Rule of Law Offensive
Birgit Schnieber-Jastram[11]
(born 1946)
17 March 2004 7 May 2008 Christian Democratic Union
Christa Goetsch[12]
(born 1952)
7 May 2008 29 November 2010 Alliance '90/The Greens
Dietrich Wersich
(born 1964)
30 November 2010 7 March 2011 Christian Democratic Union
Dorothee Stapelfeldt
(born 1956)
7 March 2011 15 April 2015 Social Democratic Party
Katharina Fegebank
(born 1977)
15 April 2015 Incumbent Alliance '90/The Greens

Notes and references

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  1. ^ Verg, Erik; Verg, Martin (2007). Das Abenteuer, das Hamburg heißt (in German) (4th ed.). Hamburg: Ellert&Richter. p. 264. ISBN 978-3-8319-0137-1.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an "Erste Bürgermeister Hamburgs 1507–2008" (PDF). Senat der Freien und Hansestadt Hamburg, Senatskanzlei (in German). Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 March 2011. Retrieved 22 September 2009.
  3. ^ "Abendroth, Amandus Augustus". Leipzig: Historische Commission bei der Königl. Akademie der Wissenschaften. 1875. Archived from the original on 11 March 2011. Retrieved 30 September 2008. Retrieved from Elektronische Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (in German) (Sütterlin script)
  4. ^ Verg, pp. 161–163
  5. ^ Last mayor in Domizlaff as no. 182
  6. ^ "Henning Voscherau: Langjähriger Bürgermeister Hamburgs" (in German). NDR online. Archived from the original on 11 October 2008. Retrieved 5 October 2008.
  7. ^ "Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek" (in German). German National Library. Archived from the original on 19 February 2009. Retrieved 5 October 2008.
  8. ^ a b "Schroeder's Party Appears to Lose Pivotal Vote". Archived from the original on 12 October 2008. Retrieved 6 October 2008.
  9. ^ Martin Christensen. "German Parties". Archived from the original on 11 October 2008. Retrieved 6 October 2008.
  10. ^ "Hamburg's conservative government collapses after another farce". City Mayors Archive. Archived from the original on 2 January 2010. Retrieved 5 October 2008.
  11. ^ Schirg, Oliver (15 April 2008). "Senatorin Schnieber-Jastram zieht sich zurück". Die Welt (in German). Welt online. Archived from the original on 12 October 2008. Retrieved 5 October 2008.
  12. ^ Sloan, Gene. "Christa Goetsch (Greens Party) newly elected ." USAtoday Cruise log. Archived from the original on 12 October 2008. Retrieved 6 October 2008.
General
  • (1293–1977) Domizlaff, Svante (2002). Das Hamburger Rathaus (in German) (first ed.). Hamburg: Edition Maritim. ISBN 978-3-89225-465-2. (Note: not included in the 2nd edition.)
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