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Fort-Shevchenko (Kazakh: Форт-Шевченко) is a military-base town and administrative centre of Tupkaragan District in Mangystau Region of Kazakhstan on the eastern shore of Caspian Sea. Primary industries include fishing and the extraction of stone. Population: 5,559 (2016 estimate).[1]
Fort-Shevchenko
Форт-Шевченко | |
|---|---|
 Fort-Shevchenko from the air | |
 Coat of arms | |
  Fort-Shevchenko Location in Kazakhstan | |
| Coordinates: 44°31′N 50°16′E / 44.517°N 50.267°E | |
| Country | Kazakhstan |
| Region | Mangystau Region |
| Population (2016)[1] | |
• Total | 5,559 |
| Time zone | UTC+5 (+5) |
History
editThe city was founded as a military stronghold by the Imperial Russian Navy in 1846 after nearby New Alexander Fort, built in 1834 overlooking Dead Kultuk, was deemed too remote.[2] Until 1857, Fort Shevchenko was known as Novopetrovskoye (Новопетровское) and from 1857 to 1939 as Fort-Aleksandrovskii (Форт-Александровский). It was named for Ukrainian poet Taras Shevchenko, who was assigned to military service here during his exile. Today the town is used by the Kazakhstan Navy as a base.
The coat of arms of Fort Alexandrovsky was approved October 22, 1908, along with other arms of the Transcaspian field: It is black and silver depicting the fortress and two fish.
Russian Civil War
editFort Alexandrovsky was the site of naval action on 21 May 1919, when a Squadron of the British Caspian Flotilla attacked the port.[3]
Climate
edit| Climate data for Fort-Shevchenko (1991–2020, extremes 1848–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 16.0 (60.8) |
19.0 (66.2) |
25.2 (77.4) |
31.1 (88.0) |
37.4 (99.3) |
40.6 (105.1) |
41.1 (106.0) |
41.4 (106.5) |
40.0 (104.0) |
31.2 (88.2) |
22.3 (72.1) |
16.0 (60.8) |
41.4 (106.5) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 1.8 (35.2) |
2.7 (36.9) |
8.0 (46.4) |
14.6 (58.3) |
22.0 (71.6) |
27.5 (81.5) |
30.1 (86.2) |
29.5 (85.1) |
24.2 (75.6) |
16.9 (62.4) |
9.1 (48.4) |
3.8 (38.8) |
15.9 (60.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −0.7 (30.7) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
4.9 (40.8) |
11.4 (52.5) |
18.6 (65.5) |
24.3 (75.7) |
26.7 (80.1) |
25.9 (78.6) |
20.7 (69.3) |
13.7 (56.7) |
6.2 (43.2) |
1.3 (34.3) |
12.7 (54.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −2.9 (26.8) |
−2.7 (27.1) |
2.1 (35.8) |
8.4 (47.1) |
15.6 (60.1) |
21.2 (70.2) |
23.6 (74.5) |
22.6 (72.7) |
17.6 (63.7) |
10.8 (51.4) |
3.8 (38.8) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
9.9 (49.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −27.0 (−16.6) |
−30.0 (−22.0) |
−19.7 (−3.5) |
−2.8 (27.0) |
0.0 (32.0) |
9.0 (48.2) |
13.8 (56.8) |
10.0 (50.0) |
2.0 (35.6) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
−16.1 (3.0) |
−18.2 (−0.8) |
−30.0 (−22.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 11 (0.4) |
7 (0.3) |
11 (0.4) |
20 (0.8) |
10 (0.4) |
5 (0.2) |
10 (0.4) |
6 (0.2) |
9 (0.4) |
9 (0.4) |
13 (0.5) |
9 (0.4) |
120 (4.7) |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 88 | 114 | 158 | 225 | 300 | 329 | 337 | 315 | 260 | 193 | 103 | 74 | 2,496 |
| Source 1: Pogoda.ru.net[4] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: NOAA (sun, 1961–1990)[5] | |||||||||||||
Landmarks
editThere are several landmarks of significance; Shevchenko Memorial Museum, National History, and ethnographic museums. The Shevchenko Memorial Museum opened in 1932 near where he had been hiding. There are also some remnants of the fortress, a monument to Shevchenko and a state grave of Civil War heroes.
31 km from the city is the necropolis Beysenbay and up the coast the site Bautino (Баутино).
References
edit- ^ a b "Республика Казахстан". Archived from the original (RAR) on 2016-04-22.
- ^ Travel Guide to Fort Shevchenko and Bautino – Planet Esoterica
- ^ Halpern, Paul (2013). The Mediterranean Fleet, 1919–1929. Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4094-2756-8.
- ^ "Weather and Climate- The Climate of Fort-Shevchenko" (in Russian). Weather and Climate (Погода и климат). Retrieved 5 January 2022.
- ^ "Fort Sevcenko (Fort-Shevchenko) Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 5 January 2022.
External links
edit
Media related to Fort-Shevchenko at Wikimedia Commons
44°31′N 50°16′E / 44.517°N 50.267°E
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