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Forty Hadith (Persian: شرح چهل حدیث) is a 1940 book written by Ruhollah Khomeini, the founder of the Islamic Republic of Iran. It describes his personal interpretations of the forty traditions attributed to Muhammad, the Prophet of Islam, and The Twelve Imams.[1]
 Front cover of English translation of Forty Hadith | |
| Author | Ayatollah Khomeini |
|---|---|
| Language | English |
| Published | Create Space Independent Publishing Platform |
| Media type | Book |
| ISBN | 978-1502501691 |
The book was originally a pamphlet that Khomeini used to teach to his students at the Feyziyeh School in Qom Seminary.[2]
Background
edit
Islamic scholars, motivated by a tradition from the prophet of Islam, Muhammad, which promises Divine Rewards for scholars who collect forty traditions, compile hadith narrations in groups of forty.[3][4] The best-known example of this genre is Imam Nawawi's Forty Hadith, which was written to include all the fundamentals of the sacred Islamic law.
Khomeini completed his collection in 1939, and it was first published in 1940.[1] He quotes the Arabic text of each hadith in the book with its Persian translation and discusses its various themes.[5][6]
Themes
editThirty-three of the hadith Khomeini selected pertain to Islamic ethics, including acts which bring reward or punishment. The other seven focus on beliefs and concepts related to the Theology of Twelvers.[6] Among the themes identified by Khomeini are Ostentation, Pride, Envy, Anger, Hypocrisy, Desire and Hope, the Kinds of Hearts, Walayah (guardianship) and Love of the world.[5][7]
Translations
editIn 2009, the book was translated into French with the assistance of Iran's Cultural Center in Paris, and the translation was published by the Institute for Compilation and Publication of Ayatollah Khomeini's Works.[8] Four years later, the book was translated into Kurdish by Ali Husseini and published by the Islamic Republic of Iran’s cultural attaché in Turkey.[2] It has also been translated into English and Urdu.[6]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b Goldberg, Ori (2011). Shi'i Theology in Iran: The Challenge of Religious Experience (Culture and Civilization in the Middle East). Routledge. p. 27. ISBN 978-0415664233.
- ^ a b "Kurdish rendition of 'Imam Khomeini's 40 Hadith' released in Turkey". Iran's Book News Agency. Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 15 September 2013.
- ^ The Encyclopaedia of Islam, New Edition: Supplement. Brill Archive. 1980-01-01. ISBN 9004061673.
- ^ Muhammad Zubayr Siddiqi, Hadith Literature, Cambridge, Islamic Texts Society, 1993, edited and revised by Abdal Hakim Murad.
- ^ a b "The writing of Forty Hadith (in Persian)". Information Base of Seminary.
- ^ a b c Ansari, Nasir al-Din. "The Works and Declarations of Imam Khomeini". Islamic Thought Foundation.
- ^ Ayatollah Khomeini (25 February 2016). "Forty Hadith, An Exposition". Al-islam. Ahlul Bayt World Assembly.
- ^ "40 Hadiths Written by Imam Khomeini (Rh) Published in France". Union of Islamic World Students. Retrieved 14 November 2009.