Genital pain and pelvic pain can arise from a variety of conditions, crimes, trauma, medical treatments, physical diseases, mental illness and infections. In some instances the pain is consensual and self-induced. Self-induced pain can be a cause for concern and may require a psychiatric evaluation. In other instances the infliction of pain is consensual but caused by another person (such as in surgery or tattooing). In other instances, the pain is vague and difficult to localize. Abdominal pain can be related to conditions related to reproductive and urinary tissues and organs.
Those with pain in the genital and pelvic regions can have dysfunctional voiding or defecation. Pain in this region of the body can be associated with anxiety, depression and other psycho-social factors. In addition, this pain can have effects on activities of daily living or quality of life. Treatment can be symptomatic if the pathology is unknown and managed by physical therapy, counseling and medication.[1]
Common to women and men
edit- anal fissure[1]
- bladder mucosal inflammation[1]
- bladder pain syndrome[1]
- body modification
- constipation[1]
- cystitis
- dyspareunia
- defecation[1]
- epidermal cyst
- epiploic appendagitis
- genital modification and mutilation
- genital piercing
- genital warts
- hematoma
- hematometra
- hematosalpinx
- hematuria
- herpes genitalis
- increased anal resting pressures[1]
- infibulation
- interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome[1]
- kidney stone
- levator ani syndrome[1]
- Molluscum contagiosum
- pelvic congestion syndrome
- pelvic floor muscle spasm[1]
- persistent genital arousal disorder
- polyuria
- proctalgia fugax[1]
- pubic piercing
- rape
- rectal prolapse
- sexual assault
- sebaceous cyst
- sex toys
- sexual intercourse
- rough foreplay
- strangury
- urinary frequency
- urinary incontinence
- urinary retention
- shaving pubic hair
- wound dehiscence
Females
edit- adhesions[2]
- adenomyosis[3]
- Bartholin's cyst[4]
- biopsy[5]
- cervical motion tenderness
- Primary dysmenorrhoea[2]
- contact dermatitis[4]
- ectopic pregnancy
- endometrial biopsy
- endometrial polyp
- endometriosis[6]
- endometriosis of ovary
- folliculitis[4]
- female genital prolapse
- follicular cyst of ovary
- labor[7]
- Lichen simplex chronicus[4]
- Lichen sclerosus[4]
- Lichen planus[4]
- miscarriage
- imperforate hymen
- intraepithelial neoplasia[4]
- labial trauma
- Mittelschmerz
- ovarian apoplexy
- ovarian cyst
- ovarian torsion
- pelvic congestion syndrome[2]
- pelvic inflammatory disease[8]
- Abscess of broad ligament[8]
- Abscess of parametrium[8]
- pelvic cellulitis[8]
- pregnancy[7]
- Sjögren syndrome
- urinary tract infection
- uterine prolapse
- vaginal dryness[4]
- vaginismus
- vesico-uterine pouch
- vulvodynia
- vulva tumor[9]
- vaginal bleeding
- vaginoplasty
- vulvar vestibulitis
- vulvar skin cracks and bleeds[4]
- vulvectomy
Males
edit- benign prostatic hyperplasia
- chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome[1]
- deep shaft piercing
- dysuria
- epididymitis
- epididymal hypertension
- spermatocele
- intracavernous injection
- hydrocele
- subcutaneous emphysema[10][11]
- impaling
- hematocele
- radiation proctitis
- inguinal hernia
- epididymo-orchitis
- Fournier's gangrene[12]
- air embolism[12]
- post-vasectomy pain syndrome
- testicular torsion
- scrotal cellulitis[12]
- Paget's disease of the scrotum[13]
- Peyronie's disease
- impotence
- penis constriction
- retrograde ejaculation
- self-injection of saline solution
- urethral sounding
- urolithiasis
- tamakeri
- testicular cancer
- varicocele
- Injecting air or another gas into the penis[10]
- penile strangulation[14]
- penile incarceration[15][16]
Children
editTreatments
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Bharucha, AE; Lee, TH (2016). "Anorectal and Pelvic Pain". Mayo Clin. Proc. 91 (10): 1471–1486. doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2016.08.011. PMC 5123821. PMID 27712641.
- ^ a b c Cheong, Ying C; Smotra, Grisham; Williams, Amanda C de C; Cheong, Ying C (2014). "Non-surgical interventions for the management of chronic pelvic pain". Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2014 (3): CD008797. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008797.pub2. PMC 10981791. PMID 24595586.
- ^ Winkler, Nurit (2015). Women's reproductive mental health across the lifespan. Place of publication not identified: Springer. p. 199. ISBN 978-3319216850.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Disorders of the Vulva: Common Causes of Vulvar Pain, Burning, and Itching". American Congress of Obstatricians and Gynecologists. 2016. Retrieved 2016-01-31.
- ^ "Disorders of the Vulva: Common Causes of Vulvar Pain, Burning, and Itching". American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. September 2015. Retrieved April 26, 2017.
- ^ Nisenblat, Vicki; Bossuyt, Patrick MM; Shaikh, Rabia; Farquhar, Cindy; Jordan, Vanessa; Scheffers, Carola S; Mol, Ben Willem J; Johnson, Neil; Hull, M Louise; Nisenblat, Vicki (2016). "Blood biomarkers for the non-invasive diagnosis of endometriosis" (PDF). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2016 (5): CD012179. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD012179. PMC 7076288. PMID 27132058.
- ^ a b Liddle, Sarah D; Pennick, Victoria; Liddle, Sarah D (2015). "Interventions for preventing and treating low-back and pelvic pain during pregnancy". Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 (9): CD001139. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001139.pub4. PMC 7053516. PMID 26422811.
- ^ a b c d "ICD-10 Version:2015". The World Health Organization; International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision. 2015. Retrieved 2016-01-31.
- ^ Sims, Shireen Madani; Stinson, Kathryn; McLean, Frederick W.; Davis, John D.; Wilkinson, Edward J. (2012). "Angiomyofibroblastoma of the Vulva". Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease. 16 (2): 149–154. doi:10.1097/LGT.0b013e318231217b. ISSN 1089-2591. PMID 22371044. S2CID 23955539.
- ^ a b Sharma, T.; Kagan, H. (1980). "Scrotal emphysema". The American Surgeon. 46 (11): 652–653. PMID 7436145.
- ^ Bush, G.; Nixon, R. (1969). "Scrotal inflation: a new cause for subcutaneous, mediastinal and retroperitoneal emphysema". Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal. 17 (3): 225–226. PMID 5350135.
- ^ a b c Yoganathan, K. G.; Blackwell, A. L. (2006). "Unusual cause of acute scrotal cellulitis in an HIV positive man". Sexually Transmitted Infections. 82 (2): 187–8. doi:10.1136/sti.2005.017020. PMC 2564698. PMID 16581752.
- ^ "Paget's disease of the scrotum Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatments and Causes". RightDiagnosis.com. Retrieved 12 December 2015.
- ^ Xu, T.; Gu, M.; Wang, H. (2009). "Emergency management of penile strangulation: a case report and review of the Chinese literature". Emergency Medicine Journal. 26 (1): 73–74. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.1032.6418. doi:10.1136/emj.2008.062877. PMID 19104114. S2CID 933603.
- ^ Silberstein, Jonathan; Grabowski, Julia; Lakin, Charles; Goldstein, Irwin (Jul 2008). "Penile Constriction Devices: Case Report, Review of the Literature, and Recommendations for Extrication". Journal of Sexual Medicine. 5 (7): 1747–1757. doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2008.00848.x. PMID 18507720.
- ^ Detweiler MB (2001). "Penile incarceration with metal objects--a review of procedure choice based on penile trauma grade". Scand. J. Urol. Nephrol. 35 (3): 212–7. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.554.2255. doi:10.1080/003655901750291980. PMID 11487074. S2CID 11630970.