The Ghost of Abraham Lincoln is a photograph taken by the American photographer William Mumler in 1872. It appears to depict a faint white figure, interpreted as the ghost of U.S. president Abraham Lincoln, standing over his seated widow, Mary Todd Lincoln.[1] The photograph is assumed to be a hoax, although it is still unclear how exactly it was created.[2]
The photograph is currently the property of the Ian Rolland Center for Lincoln Research. It's part of the Friends of the Lincoln at Allen County Public Library, Fort Wayne, Indiana.[3]
Background
editMumler began taking spirit photographs in 1862. He invited the renowned photographer J. W. Black to examine the process he used, but Black was unable to tell how "ghosts" appeared in Mumler's photographs.[4] Throughout the 1860s, Mumler's career took hold, and many spiritualists came to him for photographs. One of the reasons for a surge in demand was the American Civil War, which caused more than 600,000 deaths.[5] He was repeatedly accused of fraud and was brought to trial in May 1869.[6] The prosecution brought a list of possible methods Mumler could have used to fake the photographs, but none of them could be proven without a reasonable doubt. He was acquitted of the charges, and his career in photography continued.[7][8]
In February 1872, Mary Lincoln was still mourning the loss of her husband, Abraham Lincoln, after his assassination nearly seven years earlier.[9] In her later years, Lincoln was institutionalized after a trial in 1875, though was later released into the custody of her sister Elizabeth.[10]
Legacy
edit
The photograph is one of the most famous hoaxes of the 19th century. While the method Mumler used may have been double exposure, it has not been proven.[11] The process is made more complicated by the fact that Abraham's arms appear to be on Mary's shoulders.[12] In 2022, photographic process historian Mark Osterman demonstrated a possible technique using two negatives, printed simultaneously with sleight of hand.[8]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Piepenbring, Dan (October 27, 2017). "The Photographer Who Claimed to Capture Abraham Lincoln's Ghost". The New Yorker. Archived from the original on March 1, 2022. Retrieved March 1, 2022.
- ^ Liles, Jordan (February 3, 2021). "Did Abraham Lincoln's Ghost Appear in an 1872 Photo?". Snopes.com. Archived from the original on February 5, 2022. Retrieved February 5, 2022.
- ^ "Allen County Public Library houses 1872 photograph of Lincoln's ghost". Indianapolis Star. Archived from the original on February 15, 2016. Retrieved February 5, 2022.
- ^ Manseau, Peter (October 10, 2017). "Meet Mr. Mumler, the Man Who 'Captured' Lincoln's Ghost on Camera". Smithsonian Magazine. Archived from the original on February 5, 2022. Retrieved February 5, 2022.
- ^ Roos, Dave (October 28, 2019). "When a 19th-Century 'Spirit Photographer' Claimed to Capture Ghosts Through His Lens". History. Archived from the original on March 6, 2022. Retrieved February 5, 2022.
- ^ "Spiritual Photography". Harper's Weekly: A Journal of Civilization. May 8, 1869. p. 289. Retrieved February 5, 2022 – via Archive.org.
- ^ Blumstein, Sam (June 21, 2018). "Photographing Lincoln's Ghost". BackStory. Archived from the original on November 2, 2021. Retrieved February 5, 2022.
- ^ a b Lowndes, Coleman (February 5, 2022). "We tried to recreate this famous photo of a ghost". Vox. Archived from the original on February 5, 2022. Retrieved February 12, 2022.
- ^ Hunter, Al (October 22, 2020). "The Mumler Abraham Lincoln Ghost Photo". Bumps in the Night. Weekly View. Archived from the original on February 5, 2022. Retrieved February 5, 2022.
- ^ Hedrick, Joan D. (May–June 2008). "The Insanity File". Women's Review of Books. Wellesley Centers for Women. Archived from the original on September 23, 2008. Retrieved November 13, 2010.
- ^ Pemberton, Michelle (October 29, 2015). "Specter of Abraham Lincoln lingers in famous photo". USA Today. Archived from the original on February 5, 2022. Retrieved February 5, 2022.
- ^ "Allen County Public Library Holds Abraham Lincoln's Spirit". Northeast Indiana Public Radio. February 10, 2017. Archived from the original on February 5, 2022. Retrieved February 5, 2022.