Gu Ti (fl. third century), courtesy name Zitong, was an official of the state of Eastern Wu in the Three Kingdoms period of China. He was a relative of Gu Yong, the second Imperial Chancellor of Eastern Wu.
Gu Ti | |
|---|---|
| 顧悌 | |
| Lieutenant-General (偏將軍) | |
| In office ?–? | |
| Monarch | Sun Quan |
| Palace Gentleman (郎中) | |
| In office ?–? | |
| Monarch | Sun Quan |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Unknown Suzhou, Jiangsu |
| Died | Unknown |
| Relations |
|
| Children |
|
| Parent |
|
| Occupation | Official |
| Courtesy name | Zitong (子通) |
Life
editGu Ti was from Wu County, Wu Commandery, which is present-day Suzhou, Jiangsu.[1] He was from the same clan as Gu Yong. In his youth, he became famous among his fellow townsfolk after he was nominated as a xiaolian (civil service candidate).[2] When he was 14 years old, he started serving as a low-level official in the local commandery office. As he grew older, he rose to the position of a Palace Gentleman (郎中) and was subsequently promoted to Lieutenant-General (偏將軍).[3]
When Sun Quan, the founding emperor of Eastern Wu, was in his twilight years, a power struggle broke out between his sons Sun He and Sun Ba over the succession to their father's throne. The cause of the conflict was Sun Quan's failure to make a clear distinction between the statuses of the two princes. Although he already designated Sun He as the crown prince, he favoured Sun Ba and treated him exceptionally well. Gu Ti, along with the general Zhu Ju, often urged Sun Quan to follow Confucian rules of propriety and ensure that Sun He, as the legitimate heir apparent, received greater honours and privileges as compared to Sun Ba. They spoke in a very sincere and candid manner. Their colleagues in the imperial court were rather taken aback by their response.[4]
Gu Ti was known for being very respectful towards his wife even though he spent little time with her. He often got home very late at night after work, and left home for work very early in the morning. On one occasion, when he fell sick at work, his wife came to visit him. He immediately instructed his subordinates to help him get dressed in proper attire and support him as he went out to meet his wife and ask her to go home. He earned much praise for his faithfulness towards his wife.[5]
Gu Ti's father, Gu Xiang (顧向), consecutively served as the prefect of four counties throughout his career and still held office even in his old age. Whenever Gu Ti received a letter from his father, he washed up, dressed properly, laid out a straw mat and knelt on it as he read the letter. After reading every line, he responded as if he was attentively listening to his father speaking. After he finished reading the letter, he kowtowed as if his father was there for him to pay his respects to.[6] When he received news that his father was ill, he shed tears and started sobbing.[7]
After his father died of old age, Gu Ti was so upset that he did not eat and drink for five days. He refused to change out of his mourning attire until Sun Quan forced him to wear a linen robe without padding as a replacement for his mourning attire.[8] Although Gu Ti had to restrain his grief so that he could continue with his career, he missed his father so much that he often drew images of a coffin on walls, set up altars, and started crying in front of them. He eventually died of grief before completing three years of filial mourning.[9]
Descendants
editGu Ti had four sons: Gu Yan (顧彥), Gu Li (顧禮), Gu Qian (顧謙) and Gu Mi (顧祕). Gu Mi served as the governor of Jiao Province during the Jin dynasty, succeeding Wu Yan. Gu Mi's son, Gu Zhong (顧衆), served as a Supervisor of the Masters of Writing (尚書僕射) in the Jin government.[10]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ (顧雍字元歎，吳郡吳人也。) Sanguozhi vol. 52.
- ^ ([顧]雍族人悌，字子通，以孝悌廉正聞於鄉黨。) Wu Shu annotation in Sanguozhi vol. 52.
- ^ (年十五為郡吏，除郎中，稍遷偏將軍。) Wu Shu annotation in Sanguozhi vol. 52.
- ^ (權末年，嫡庶不分，悌數與驃騎將軍朱據共陳禍福，言辭切直，朝廷憚之。) Wu Shu annotation in Sanguozhi vol. 52.
- ^ (待妻有禮，常夜入晨出，希見其面。嘗疾篤，妻出省之，悌命左右扶起，冠幘加襲，起對，趨令妻還，其貞潔不瀆如此。) Wu Shu annotation in Sanguozhi vol. 52.
- ^ (悌父向歷四縣令，年老致仕，悌每得父書，常灑掃，整衣服，更設几筵，舒書其上，拜跪讀之，每句應諾，畢，復再拜。) Wu Shu annotation in Sanguozhi vol. 52.
- ^ (若父有疾耗之問至，則臨書垂涕，聲語哽咽。) Wu Shu annotation in Sanguozhi vol. 52.
- ^ (父以壽終，悌飲漿不入口五日。權為作布衣一襲，皆摩絮著之，強令悌釋服。) Wu Shu annotation in Sanguozhi vol. 52.
- ^ (悌雖以公議自割，猶以不見父喪，常畫壁作棺柩象，設神座於下，每對之哭泣，服未闋而卒。) Wu Shu annotation in Sanguozhi vol. 52.
- ^ (悌四子：彥、禮、謙、祕。秘，晉交州刺史。祕子衆，尚書僕射。) Wu Shu annotation in Sanguozhi vol. 52.
- Chen, Shou (3rd century). Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi).
- Pei, Songzhi (5th century). Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi zhu).