Gustav Jahoda, FBA, FRSE (11 October 1920 – 12 December 2016) was an Austrian-born psychologist who made a sustained contribution to the development of cross-cultural psychology and cultural psychology.[1][2][3]
Gustav Jahoda FBA, FRSE | |
|---|---|
| Born | 11 October 1920 |
| Died | 12 December 2016 (aged 96) |
| Nationality | Austrian/ British |
| Alma mater | Birkbeck, University of London; London School of Economics |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Cultural psychology; Social psychology; History of psychology |
| Institutions | University of Manchester; University College of the Gold Coast; University of Glasgow; University of Strathclyde |
| Thesis | Aspects of the sociology of J.M. Robertson (MSc thesis) (1947) |
Biography and career
editHe was born in Vienna to a Jewish family. Leopold Jahoda, a lawyer, was his father and Olga (nee Barany) his mother. He initially attended school in Vienna but was expelled because of his Jewish background. He then spent a year attending school in Paris. His family moved there after the Anschluss. In Paris, he studied civil engineering. With the outbreak of war, he joined the French army but when the French front collapsed he escaped to England. He initially worked in various engineering projects for the British Army and then was involved in some more secret work for the British government.[4]
After he was invalided out of the army in 1942, Jahoda enrolled on a course on sociology and psychology at Birkbeck, University of London followed by an MSc and a PhD at the London School of Economics. His PhD thesis was entitled 'A study of the chief social determinants of occupational choice of secondary modern school leavers, with special reference to social class factors and the level of social aspiration'.[5] He then obtained a lectureship in social psychology at the University of Manchester. In 1952 he took up a post at the University College of the Gold Coast (now Ghana) in the Department of Sociology, where he carried out pioneering research into cross-cultural psychology.[6] He then worked at the University of Glasgow for three years.[7]
In 1963, Gustav Jahoda was invited to set up a new psychology department in the University of Strathclyde. He recruited Heinz Rudolph Schaffer to assist him with this task. Despite his administrative responsibilities he continued to make field trips to West Africa. He retired in 1985 and was appointed Emeritus Professor but he continued to publish on both cultural psychology and the history of psychology.[8][9]
Research
editHe published works on cross-cultural psychology, socio-cognitive development and history of the social sciences.[10] He published a series of books and more than 200 articles.[citation needed]
Awards
editJahoda was elected fellow of the British Academy in 1988 and fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1993.[11]
Personal life
editHe married Jean Buchanan, a social worker, in 1952. When they moved to Scotland they settled in Cardross, Argyll and Bute. They had four children, Andrew, Colin, Paul and Catherine. Jean died in 1991. He subsequently developed a new relationship with Andrea Jack, a teacher. He died in 2016.[12][13]
Publications
edit- A History of Social Psychology: From the Eighteenth-Century Enlightenment to the Second World War (2007)[14]
- Images of Savages: Ancient Roots of Modern Prejudice in Western Culture (1999)
- Crossroads Between Culture and Mind: Continuities and Change in Theories of Human Nature (1993)
- Psychology and Anthropology: A Psychological Perspective (1982)
- The Psychology of Superstition (1970)
- White Man: A Study of the Attitudes of Africans to Europeans in Ghana before Independence (1961)
References
edit- ^ Handbook of Cross-Cultural Psychology: Theory and Method by John Widdup Berry, Ype H. Poortinga and Janak Pandey
- ^ "Gustav Jahoda, Early Founder of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Dead at 96". International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology. 15 December 2016. Archived from the original on 11 April 2017. Retrieved 11 April 2017.
- ^ "Gustav Jahoda". HeraldScotland. 15 December 2016. Retrieved 11 April 2017.
- ^ Markova, Ivana; Jahoda, Andrew. "Gustav Jahoda" (PDF). British Academy. Retrieved 1 May 2023.
- ^ Deręgowski, J.B. (2017). "Gustav Jahoda: A Life". Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology. 48 (4): 455–460. doi:10.1177/0022022117703475. S2CID 151724070.
- ^ Biography for Gustav Jahoda
- ^ Jahoda, Gustav (2016). "Seventy years of social psychology: a cultural and personal critique" (PDF). Journal of Social and Political Psychology. 4 (1): 364–380. doi:10.5964/jspp.v4i1.621. Retrieved 2 May 2023.
- ^ Jahoda, Gustav. Always something new out of Africa. In Bond, M H: Working at the Interface of Cultures: Eighteen Lives in Social Science. Routeledge, 1997, pp. 27-37.
- ^ Jahoda, Gustav, 'Crossing cultures', in Bunn, G C et al. Psychology in Britain: Historical Essays and Personal Reflections. British Psychological Society, 2001, pp. 402-410.
- ^ Poortinga, Ype H. (2018). "Gustav Jahoda: The art and science of constructive skepticism". Culture and Psychology. 24 (3): 368–381. doi:10.1177/1354067X18779037. PMC 6099975. PMID 30166934.
- ^ Jahoda, Andrew; Markova, Ivana (2017). "Gustav Jahoda FRSE, FBA (1920–2016)". The Psychologist. 30 (April): 9. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
- ^ Jahoda, Paul (10 April 2017). "Gustav Jahoda: A life". The Guardian. Retrieved 3 May 2023.
- ^ "Gustav Jahoda". The Herald. 23 December 2017. Retrieved 3 May 2023.
- ^ Sica, Alan (June 2009). "Review Essay of A History of Social Psychology: From the Eighteenth-Century Enlightenment to the Second World War by Gustav Jahoda". Social Psychology Quarterly. 72 (2): 99–104. doi:10.1177/019027250907200202. JSTOR 25593912. S2CID 143937930.