Hamburg-Altona–Kiel railway

The Hamburg-Altona–Kiel railway (historic name: The King Christian VIII Baltic Railway) is one of the most important main line railways of the states of Schleswig-Holstein and Hamburg in Northern Germany. The line runs through the region of Holstein and connects the cities of Hamburg, Elmshorn, Neumünster and Kiel. The 105 km (65 mi) long standard gauge double track electrified railway line is now owned by DB Netz.

Hamburg-Altona–Kiel
Overview
Line number	1220
Locale	Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
Service
Route number	131
Technical
Line length	104.877 km (65.168 mi)
Number of tracks	2 throughout
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge
Electrification	Altona–Kiel:15 kV/16.7 Hz AC overhead catenary Hamburg–Pinneberg:1200 V DC third rail
Operating speed	160 km/h (99.4 mph) (maximum)
Route map Kiel, old station (1844–1899) 105.587 00,000 Kiel Hbf (since 1 June 1899) to Flensburg and to Rendsburg 104.100 00,000 Kiel main goods yard to Lübeck 103.000 00,000 Meimersdorf Ost (siding 101,000 00.000 Meimersdorf marshaling yard 100.000 00,000 Meimersdorf 95.311 00,000 Flintbek 86.631 00,000 Bordesholm 80.711 00,000 Einfeld from Flensburg 75.800 00,000 Neumünster goods yard from Heide from Ascheberg 74.688 00,000 Neumünster 74.113 00,000 to Bad Oldesloe and to Henstedt-Ulzburg Blockstelle Padenstedt 65.620 00,000 Arpsdorf 60.510 00,000 Brokstedt from Itzehoe 52.228 00,000 Wrist 47.740 00,000 Siebenecksknöll 42.377 00,000 Dauenhof 36.236 00,000 Horst (Holst) 31.300 00,000 from Barmstedt 31.000 00,000 from Glückstadt 30.697 00,000 Elmshorn Elmshorn port railway from Uetensen 23.173 00,000 Tornesch (Keilbahnhof) 21.972 00,000 End of the Uetersen Railway 19,262 00,000 Prisdorf 15.953 15.792 Pinneberg 14.233 Thesdorf 12.028 Halstenbek 10.780 Bickbargen crossover 10.500 00,000 Hamburg-Eidelstedt En (siding) 9.481 Krupunder 9.314 09.314 SH–Hamburg state border 8.881 00,000 Hamburg-Eidelstedt freight yard 7.234 Elbgaustraße 6.371 from Henstedt-Ulzburg to freight bypass 6.100 Hamburg-Eidelstedt (S) 5.451 4.383 1068 m reduction 4.170 Langenfelde bridge, A 7 4.044 Hamburg-Stellingen (S) 4.765 00,000 Hamburg-Langenfelde (siding) 4.149 00,000 Hamburg-Langenfelde depot 2.635 Hamburg-Langenfelde (S) (flying junction) 1.399 Hamburg-Diebsteich (Planned long-distance station) 1.299 7.830 S-Bahn line from Hauptbahnhof Long-distance line from Hauptbahnhof 6.249 S-Bahn line from Hamburg-Blankenese Altona Harbour Railway 0.710 00,000 Hamburg-Altona 5.898 Hamburg-Altona (S-Bahn) 0.000 00,000 Altona (old station) City-S-Bahn Source: German railway atlas

The railway line opened in 1844 to connect the cities of Altona and Kiel, at the time the two largest cities in the Duchy of Holstein then under Danish rule. It is the oldest railway line in the current state of Schleswig-Holstein, one of the first railways in Germany, and the first to reach the Baltic Sea. When it opened, it was also the first railway in Denmark and its dependencies.

Route

Kiel station

The distance measuring starts at the line's original terminus in Altona, of which the station building is now the town hall of the urban borough of Altona. However, today the route begins at the terminal station of Hamburg-Altona, which was built a few hundred meters to the north of the old station in 1898. From there the line runs north, parallel to the route of Hamburg S-Bahn lines S3 and S21.

The first stop on the main line is Pinneberg, which provides interchange with the S-Bahn. The Marsh Railway to the North Sea coast and the line to Henstedt-Ulzburg branch from Elmshorn.

Further north in Neumünster the line connects to Flensburg, to Heide and Büsum and to Bad Oldesloe. Freight and express trains to Scandinavia do not continue towards Kiel, but instead run on the continuously electrified line from Neumünster to the Danish border at Flensburg. Regional services run from Kiel to Lübeck and to Flensburg.

History

The Hamburg-Altona–Kiel railway line with branch lines from Elmshorn to Glückstadt) and from Neumünster to Rendsburg in 1849

Cover of "Essential companion for travelers on the King Christian VIII Baltic Railway between Altona and Kiel", published 1844

The line was built by the Altona-Kiel Railway Company (Altona-Kieler Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft, AKE). Construction commenced in 1842 and was completed in 1844. The line opened on King Christian VIII's birthday, the 18 September 1844. The railway was operated by the AKE until the company's operations were taken over by the Prussian state railways in 1884.

The opening of the Hamburg-Altona link line in 1866 made it possible for the first time for trains from Kiel to Hamburg Hauptbahnhof. However, the facilities at Kiel could not handle main line trains suitable for operations to Hamburg. Moreover, the older residents of Holstein preferred to travel to the Holstein town of Altona, rather than the "big city" of Hamburg.

On 24 September 1995, the 109 kilometre long line was put into electric operations. The travel time between Hamburg and Kiel was shortened by up to 38 minutes. For the first time, two pairs of Intercity-Express trains served Kiel daily.

Current operations

DB 112 149 in Kiel Hauptbahnhof

A variety of traffic runs along the entire length of the line, or on the section between Hamburg and Neumünster, consisting of freight traffic, ICE/IC/EC long-distance passenger services and regional passenger services. These are operated by different railway companies, including Deutsche Bahn AG and Regionalbahn Schleswig-Holstein. In addition there are DSB services from Fredericia via Neumünster to Hamburg Hauptbahnhof.

The trains used on the route are of types often used by the railway companies. The share of Regional-Express services operated with double-deck carriages was increased from 14 December 2008. All RE services are now run with double-deck carriages. ICE and IC services between Hamburg and Denmark or Kiel also stop in Neumünster.

On 4 April 2009, DB Regio took operations of the Kiel–Neumünster regional service back from Nord-Ostsee-Bahn (NOB), in exchange for the passenger services on the Kiel–Eckernförde section. DB Regio operated the service with class 648 multiple units again, which was intended to rationalise rolling stock circulation. The Regionalbahn Kiel / Neumünster service, which is run as RB 77, is operated with a class 112 or 143 electric locomotive and a five-car SHE set, consisting of a 1st class carriage, three 2nd class carriages and a control car.

The Wrist–Hamburg-Altona route has been operated as the RB 71 service since December 2014. It is operated by Nordbahn Eisenbahngesellschaft with electric FLIRT sets at hourly frequency. Wrist station received an additional reversing track.

In long-distance operations, the line between Hamburg and Kiel is served by ICE trains of the first and second generation and IC and EC services operated with an electric locomotive of classes 101 or 120 and eight to eleven cars. Between Hamburg, Neumünster and continuing to Flensburg, there are four daily Danish IC3 services each way on the Hamburg–Fredericia route (due to train path conflicts these trains not stop in Neumünster, but instead stop in Hamburg-Dammtor and Schleswig) and Intercity services operated with an electric locomotive of classes 101, 120 or 182 with seven to ten passenger cars.