Hopea is a genus of plants in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It contains some 113 species, distributed from Sri Lanka and southern India to the Andaman Islands, Myanmar, southern China, and southward throughout Malesia to New Guinea. They are mainly main and subcanopy trees of lowland rainforest,[1] but some species can become also emergent trees, such as Hopea nutans.
| Hopea | |
|---|---|
| |
| Hopea parviflora | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Malvales |
| Family: | Dipterocarpaceae |
| Tribe: | Shoreae |
| Genus: | Hopea Roxb., nom. cons.[1] |
| Species | |
|
About 104. See text. | |
| Synonyms[2][3] | |
| |
The genus was named after John Hope, the first Regius Keeper of the Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh.[4]: 948
Botany
editTrees in this genus are small or medium, but they can grow occasionally large. They have low branches and sometimes thick buttress roots. Their bark is chocolate brown and smooth at first, but later crack and mottle with grey spots.[5]: 391–392
Species
editSpecies accepted:[3]
- Hopea acuminata Merr.
- Hopea aequalis P.S.Ashton
- Hopea altocollina P.S.Ashton
- Hopea andersonii P.S.Ashton
- Hopea apiculata Symington
- Hopea aptera P.S.Ashton
- Hopea auriculata Foxw.
- Hopea bancana (Boerl.) Slooten
- Hopea basilanica Foxw.
- Hopea beccariana Burck
- Hopea bilitonensis P.S.Ashton
- Hopea brachyptera (Foxw.) Slooten
- Hopea bracteata Burck
- Hopea brevipetiolaris (Thwaites ex Trimen) P.S.Ashton
- Hopea bullatifolia P.S.Ashton
- Hopea cagayanensis (Foxw.) Slooten
- Hopea canarensis Hole
- Hopea celebica Burck
- Hopea celtidifolia Kosterm.
- Hopea centipeda P.S.Ashton
- Hopea cernua Teijsm. & Binn.
- Hopea chinensis (Merr.) Hand.-Mazz.
- Hopea cordata J.E.Vidal
- Hopea cordifolia (Thwaites) Trimen
- Hopea coriacea Burck
- Hopea dasyrrhachis Slooten
- Hopea depressinerva P.S.Ashton
- Hopea discolor Thwaites
- Hopea dryobalanoides Miq.
- Hopea dyeri F.Heim
- Hopea enicosanthoides P.S.Ashton
- Hopea erosa (Bedd.) Slooten
- Hopea ferrea Laness.
- Hopea ferruginea Parijs
- Hopea fluvialis P.S.Ashton
- Hopea forbesii (Brandis) Slooten
- Hopea foxworthyi Elmer
- Hopea glabra Wight & Arn.
- Hopea glabrifolia C.T.White
- Hopea glaucescens Symington
- Hopea gregaria Slooten
- Hopea griffithii Kurz
- Hopea hainanensis Merr. & Chun
- Hopea helferi (Dyer) Brandis
- Hopea inexpectata P.S.Ashton
- Hopea iriana Slooten
- Hopea jacobi C.E.C.Fisch.
- Hopea johorensis Symington
- Hopea jucunda Thwaites
- Hopea kerangasensis P.S.Ashton
- Hopea latifolia Symington
- Hopea longirostrata P.S.Ashton
- Hopea macrocarpa Poopath & Sookch.
- Hopea malibato Foxw.
- Hopea megacarpa P.S.Ashton
- Hopea mengarawan Miq.
- Hopea mesuoides P.S.Ashton
- Hopea micrantha Hook.f.
- Hopea mindanensis Foxw.
- Hopea modesta (A.DC.) Kosterm.
- Hopea montana Symington
- Hopea myrtifolia Miq.
- Hopea nervosa King
- Hopea nigra Burck
- Hopea nodosa Slooten
- Hopea novoguineensis Slooten
- Hopea nutans Ridl.
- Hopea oblongifolia Dyer
- Hopea obscurinerva P.S.Ashton
- Hopea odorata Roxb.
- Hopea ovoidea P.S.Ashton
- Hopea pachycarpa (F.Heim) Symington
- Hopea papuana Diels
- Hopea parviflora Bedd.
- Hopea parvifolia (Warb.) Slooten
- Hopea paucinervis Parijs
- Hopea pedicellata (Brandis) Symington
- Hopea pentanervia Symington ex G.H.S.Wood
- Hopea philippinensis Dyer
- Hopea pierrei Hance
- Hopea plagata (Blanco) S.Vidal
- Hopea polyalthioides Symington
- Hopea ponga (Dennst.) Mabb.
- Hopea pterygota P.S.Ashton
- Hopea pubescens Ridl.
- Hopea quisumbingiana H.G.Gut. [6]
- Hopea racophloea Dyer
- Hopea recopei Pierre ex Laness.
- Hopea reticulata Tardieu
- Hopea reynosoi H.G.Gut., Rojo & Madulid
- Hopea rudiformis P.S.Ashton
- Hopea rugifolia P.S.Ashton
- Hopea samarensis H.G.Gut.
- Hopea sangal Korth.
- Hopea santosiana H.G.Gut., Rojo & Madulid
- Hopea scabra P.S.Ashton
- Hopea schmidtii F.Heim
- Hopea semicuneata Symington
- Hopea shingkeng (Dunn) Bor
- Hopea similis Slooten
- Hopea sphaerocarpa (F.Heim) P.S.Ashton
- Hopea subalata Symington
- Hopea sublanceolata Symington
- Hopea subpeltata Poopath & Pooma
- Hopea sulcata Symington
- Hopea tenuinervula P.S.Ashton
- Hopea thorelii Pierre
- Hopea treubii F.Heim
- Hopea ultima P.S.Ashton
- Hopea utilis (Bedd.) Bole
- Hopea vacciniifolia Ridl. ex P.S.Ashton
- Hopea vesquei F.Heim
- Hopea vietnamensis H.V.Sam & V.D.Vu
- Hopea wyattsmithii G.H.S.Wood ex P.S.Ashton
Other species recently used, but now not accepted include:
- Hopea exalata, now a synonym of Hopea reticulata[7]
- Hopea kitulgallensis, not now accepted[8]
- Hopea malabarica, now a synonym of Hopea racophloea[9]
- Hopea siamensis, now a synonym of Hopea pierrei[10]
- Hopea wightiana Wall., now a synonym of Hopea ponga[11]
Gallery
edit
References
edit- ^ a b Ashton, P. S. (September 2004). "Hopea Roxb.". In Soepadmo, E.; Saw, L. G.; Chung, R. C. K. (eds.). Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak. (free online from the publisher, lesser resolution scan PDF versions). Vol. 5. Forest Research Institute Malaysia. pp. 138–184. ISBN 983-2181-59-3. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2013. Retrieved 21 June 2008.
- ^ Xi-wen Li, Jie Li and Peter S. Ashton (2007). "Hopea Roxburgh". Flora of China. Vol. 13.
- ^ a b "Hopea Roxb". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 3 June 2023.
- ^ de Lirio, Elton John; Freitas, Joelcio (August 2014). "Request for a binding decision on whether Hopea Roxb. (Dipterocarpaceae) and Hopia Zuloaga & Morrone (Poaceae) are sufficiently alike to be confused". Taxon. 63 (4): 948. doi:10.12705/634.38.
- ^ Ashton, Peter S. (2016). "Dipterocarpaceae". Flora Malesiana. 9 (1): 237–552 – via Naturalis Institutional Repository.
- ^ "Hopea quisumbingiana". Plants of the World Online (POWO). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 3 June 2023.
- ^ "Hopea exalata W.T.Lin, Y.Y.Yang & Q.S.Hsue". Plants of the World Online (POWO). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 27 January 2021.
- ^ "Hopea kitulgallensis". Plants of the World Online (POWO). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 27 January 2021.
- ^ "Hopea malabarica Bedd". Plants of the World Online (POWO). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 27 January 2021.
- ^ "Hopea siamensis F.Heim". Plants of the World Online (POWO). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 27 January 2021.
- ^ "Hopea wightiana Wall. ex Wight & Arn". Plants of the World Online (POWO). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 27 January 2021.
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