Indian Deep Space Network (IDSN) is a network of large antennas and communication facilities operated by the Indian Space Research Organisation to support the interplanetary spacecraft missions of India. Its hub is located at Byalalu, Ramanagara in the state of Karnataka in India.[1] It was built under the leadership of S K Shivakumar, the then ISTRAC Director and inaugurated on 17 October 2008 by the former ISRO chairman G. Madhavan Nair.
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| Alternative names | IDSN | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Organization | Indian Space Research Organisation | ||||||
| Location | Byalalu, Ramanagar district, Karnataka, India | ||||||
| Coordinates | 12°54′06″N 77°22′05″E / 12.901767°N 77.36819°E | ||||||
| Established | 17 October 2008 | ||||||
| Website | http://www.istrac.gov.in | ||||||
| Telescopes | |||||||
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  Location of Indian Deep Space Network | |||||||
Similar networks are run by USA, China, Russia, Europe, and Japan.
Introduction
editThe network consists of the ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network (ISTRAC), augmented by a fully steerable 18 m (59 ft) and a 32 m (105 ft) DSN antenna which improves the visibility duration when compared with the existing ISTRAC system. The Indian Deep Space Network implements a baseband system[clarification needed] adhering to Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) Standards, thus facilitating cross-support among the Telemetry Tracking Command (TTC) agencies.[2]
The two antennas at the Byalalu complex have built-in support facilities. A fibre optic link will provide necessary communication link between the DSN station and SCC/NCC/ISSDC. The 18 m antenna is provisioned to receive two downlink carriers in S band and two carriers in X band (RCP and LCP), whereas the uplink is either RCP or LCP. It has a G/T of 30/39.5 dB/k (45° elevation, clear sky) for S/X-Band.[clarification needed]
The 32 m antenna is of a wheel-and-track design. The antenna is designed to provide uplink in both S-Band and X-Band (20 kW) either through RCP or LCP. The reception capability will be in both S band and X band (simultaneous RCP and LCP). It can receive two carriers in S band and two carriers in X band. The system will have a G/T of 37.5/51 dB/k (45° elevation, clear sky) for S/X Band. The station may be controlled remotely from the ISTRAC Control Centre (NCC) at Bangalore.
The IDSN facility in Byalalu also houses the ISRO Navigation Centre (INC). The centre became active on 12 June 2013, at the time of launch of IRNSS-1A, the first of the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System series of satellites. The INC has a high stability atomic clock. It will be used to co-ordinate across 21 ground stations in India.[3][needs update]
Antennas (other than ISTRAC)
edit32 m antenna
editThe main antenna is a 32-meter Deep Space Antenna. The wheel and track 32 m antenna is a state-of-the-art system that supported the Chandrayaan-1 and later the Mars Orbiter Mission mission operations.[4] It is currently supporting the Chandrayaan-2 orbiter and the Aditya-L1 mission as well as actively tracking the Chandrayaan-3 Propulsion module. This is co-located with 18 m antenna in the IDSN site at Byalalu. A fibre optics / satellite link will provide the necessary connectivity between the IDSN site and Spacecraft Control Centre / Network Control Centre. This antenna is designed to provide uplink in both S-Band (20/2 kW) and X-Band (2.5 kW), either through Right circular polarization or Left circular polarization. The reception capability will be in both S-Band and X-Band (simultaneous RCP & LCP). It can receive two carriers in S-Band and one carrier in X-Band, simultaneously. The system will have a G/T of 37.5/51 dB/K (45° elevation, clear sky) for S/X-Band. The base-band will adhere to CCSDS Standards facilitating cross-support among the space agencies. The station is also equipped for remote control from the ISTRAC Network Control Centre (NCC).[5]
18 m antenna
editThe second antenna is an 18-meter Deep Space Antenna.[6]
11 m antenna
editThe third antenna is an 11-meter terminal[clarification needed] antenna.[7]
Chandrayaan-1
editThe Indian Deep Space Network was built to track and support India's first lunar mission Chandrayaan-1, an uncrewed lunar exploration mission. It was launched on 22 October 2008. The IDSN was used for tracking, orbit control and housekeeping operations of India's lunar mission for its entire duration of operation (Planned to be 2 years, achieved only 312 days). IDSN began to track Chandrayaan 17 minutes after its launch from the Satish Dhawan Space Launch Centre at Sriharikota, when the probe separated from the launch vehicle.
Mars Orbiter Mission
editIDSN had been used to track Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM) also known as Mangalyaan.[8]
Venus Orbiter Mission
editThe IDSN32 antenna will be used for science data collection from the Venus Orbiter Mission Spacecraft, planned to be launched in 2028.[9]
References
edit- ^ "Indian Space Science Data Centre (ISSDC) - Gateway to India's Space Science Data - ISRO". Archived from the original on 1 September 2019. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
- ^ "Welcome to VIKRAM SARABHAI SPACE CENTRE - Indian Deep Space Network (IDSN)". www.vssc.gov.in. Archived from the original on 20 October 2015.
- ^ "ISRO unveils hub for its navigation fleet". The Hindu. Jaduguda, India. 29 May 2013. Retrieved 1 June 2013.
- ^ "Mangalyaan successfully placed into Mars Transfer Trajectory". Retrieved 1 December 2013.
- ^ "Indian Deep Space Network (IDSN) - Website". Archived from the original on 5 November 2014. Retrieved 27 October 2008.
- ^ "Welcome to VIKRAM SARABHAI SPACE CENTRE - Indian Deep Space Network (IDSN)". www.vssc.gov.in. Archived from the original on 20 October 2015.
- ^ Rao, Ch Sushil (25 August 2023). "Hyderabad-based ECIL supplied crucial infra for Chandrayaan-3 mission". The Times of India.
- ^ "ISRO - Mars updates". Archived from the original on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 12 July 2014.
- ^ "Union Cabinet Approves India's Mission to Venus, and Sample Return from the Moon". www.isro.gov.in. Retrieved 3 October 2024.
