An information professional or information specialist is someone who collects, records, organises, stores, preserves, retrieves, and disseminates printed or digital information. The service delivered to the client is known as an information service.[1][2]
The versatile term "information professional" is used to describe similar and sometimes overlapping professions, such as librarians, archivists, information managers, information systems specialists , information scientists, records managers,[1] and information consultants,[3][4] but terminology differs among sources and organisations.[1] Information professionals work in a variety of private, public, and academic institutions, or independently.
Skills
editSince the term information professional is broad, the skills required for this profession are also varied. A Gartner report in 2011 pointed out that "Professional roles focused on information management will be different to that of established IT roles. An 'information professional' will not be one type of role or skill set, but will in fact have a number of specializations". Thus, an information professional can possess a variety of different skills, depending on the sector in which the person is employed.[5]
Some essential cross-sector skills are:[6]
- IT skills, such as word-processing and spreadsheets, digitisation skills, and conducting Internet searches, together with skills loan systems, databases, content management systems, and specially designed programmes and packages.
- Customer service. An information professional should have the ability to address the information needs of customers.
- Language proficiency. This is essential in order to manage the information at hand and deal with customer needs.
- Soft skills. These include skills such as negotiating, conflict resolution, and time management.
- Management training. An information professional should be familiar with notions such as strategic planning and project management.[2]
Moreover, an information professional should be skilled in planning and using relevant systems, in capturing and securing information, and in accessing it to deliver service whenever the information is required.[7]
Associations
editMost countries have a professional association who oversee the professional and academic standards of librarians and other information professionals. There are also international associations related to LIS (library and information science), the most prominent of which is the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA). In many countries, LIS courses are accredited by the relevant professional association, as the American Library Association (ALA) in the USA, the Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals (CILIP) in the UK, and the Australian Library and Information Association (ALIA) in Australia.
Qualifications
editEducational institutions around the world offer academic degrees, or degrees on related subjects such as Archival Studies, Information Systems, Information Management, and Records Management. Some of the institutions offering information science education refer to themselves as an iSchool, such as the CiSAP (Consortium of iSchools Asia Pacific, founded 2006[8]) in Asia and the iSchool Caucus in the USA. There are also online e-learning resources, some of which offer certification for information professionals.
Africa
editInformation development in Africa started later than in other continents, mainly due to a lack of internet access,[9] expertise and resources to manage digital infrastructure, and "opportunities for capacity development and knowledge-sharing".[10]
Nowadays, academic degrees in information studies are available at many universities of African countries, such as the University of Pretoria (South Africa), University of Nairobi (Kenya), Makerere University (Uganda), University of Botswana (Botswana), and University of Nigeria (Nigeria).[citation needed]
Asia
editLIS-related studies are available in more than 30 Asian countries.[11] Some examples listed by iSchools Inc. are the University of Hong Kong, University of Tsukuba, Japan, Yonsei University, South Korea, National Taiwan University and Wuhan University, China.[12]
Australasia
editThe Australian Library and Information Association (ALIA) as of 2021[update] lists six schools offering undergraduate and postgraduate accredited university courses for "Librarian and Information Specialists" on their website.[13]
In New Zealand, the Open Polytechnic of New Zealand and the Victoria University of Wellington offer undergraduate and postgraduate degree courses for information professionals.[14][15]
Europe
editThe majority of European countries have universities, colleges, or schools which offer bachelor's degrees in LIS studies. Over 40 universities offer master's degrees in LIS-related fields, and many institutions, such as the Swedish School of Library and Information Science at the University of Borås (Sweden),[16] the University of Barcelona (Spain), Loughborough University (UK), and Aberystwyth University (Wales, UK) also offer PhD degrees.
North America
editInformation studies and degrees are available at numerous academic institutions throughout the U.S. and Canada. U.S. professional associations, together with their European counterparts, have undertaken many educational initiatives and pioneered many advances in the field of Information studies, such as increased interdisciplinarity and more effective delivery of distance learning.[17] The Association for Intelligent Information Management, based in Silver Spring, Maryland, offers a qualification called Certified Information Professional (CIP), earned upon passing an examination, with certification remaining valid for three years.[7]
South America
editThere are many schools and colleges in Latin America, which offer courses in Library Science, Archival Studies, and Information Studies, however these subjects are taught completely separately.[18]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c Greer, R.C.; Grover, R.; Fowler, S.G. (2007). Introduction to the Library and Information Professions. NetLibrary, Inc. Libraries Unlimited. pp. 12–15, 79. ISBN 978-0-313-09580-1. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
- ^ a b Oliveira, Dalbert Marques; Rodrigues, Luis Silva; Pereira, Patrícia Miranda (November 2019). "Profile of information professionals: an information science perspective based on the RIM framework". Proceedings of the 34th International Business Information Management Association Conference (34ª): 11233–11241.
- ^ Wormell, Irene; Olesen, Annie Joan; Mikulás, Gábor (1 January 2011). What is information consulting?. pp. 1–11. doi:10.1016/B978-1-84334-662-3.50001-3. ISBN 9781843346623. Archived from the original on 10 February 2023. Retrieved 8 March 2021.
- ^ "Information Consultant - an overview". ScienceDirect. Topics. Archived from the original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 8 March 2021.
- ^ Mancini, John F. "Rise of the Information Professional: A Career Path for the Digital Economy" (PDF). AIIM White Paper. AIIM. p. 4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 March 2012.
- ^ "The demand for and supply of skills in library and information services, archival services and records management" (PDF). National Archives and Records Service (NARS, South Africa). 15 March 2010. pp. 87–88. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 November 2012. Retrieved 1 May 2022.
- ^ a b "Become a Certified Information Professional (CIP)". AIIM. Archived from the original on 9 October 2016. Retrieved 7 October 2016.
- ^ Sacchanand, Chutima (17 June 2016). Development of Management Strategies for Collaboration in Information Science Education and Research in the ASEAN Community (Report). Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
- ^ "65th IFLA Council and General Conference: Bangkok, Thailand, August 20 - August 28, 1999". IFLA. Global information infrastructure and the question of African content, by Justin Chisenga. 1999. Archived from the original on 28 March 2017. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ "About us: 3rd International Conference on African Digital Libraries and Archives (ICADLA-3)". University of the Witwatersrand. Archived from the original on 15 July 2014. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
- ^ "Directory of Library & Information Science Programs in Asia". Consortium of iSchools Asia Pacific. Organization now part of iSchools Inc. Archived from the original on 14 January 2013. Retrieved 31 October 2011.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ "Asia Pacific Directory". iSchools, Inc. 1 March 2021. Archived from the original on 10 March 2021. Retrieved 10 March 2021.
- ^ "Librarians and information specialists". Australian Library and Information Association. Archived from the original on 19 May 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2021.
- ^ "Qualifications". Libraries Aotearoa. Archived from the original on 7 February 2021. Retrieved 10 March 2021.
- ^ "Library and Information Studies". Open Polytechnic of New Zealand. Archived from the original on 8 February 2021. Retrieved 10 March 2021.
- ^ "Library and Information Science". Högskolan i Borås. 30 June 2020. Archived from the original on 19 April 2021. Retrieved 10 March 2021.
- ^ Owens, Irene; Leonhardt, Tom (2009). "LIS education in North America". In Abdullahi, Ismail (ed.). Global Library and Information Science: A Textbook for Students and Educators: with Contributions from Africa, Asia, Australia, New Zealand, Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean, the Middle East, and North America. IFLA publications. K.G. Saur. pp. 549–563. doi:10.1515/9783598441349.549. ISBN 978-3-598-22042-5. Retrieved 10 March 2021.
- ^ Gallardo, Adolfo Rodríguez (2009). "Educational system in Latin America". In Abdullahi, Ismail (ed.). Global Library and Information Science: A Textbook for Students and Educators: with Contributions from Africa, Asia, Australia, New Zealand, Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean, the Middle East, and North America. IFLA publications. K.G. Saur. pp. 405–415. doi:10.1515/9783598441349.405. ISBN 978-3-598-22042-5. Retrieved 10 March 2021.
Further reading
edit- Carvell, Linda P. (2005). Career Opportunities in Library and Information Science. New York: Checkmark Books. pp. 75–79, 171–181. ISBN 978-0816052455.
- Taylor, T. Allan; Parish, James Robert (2009). Career Opportunities in Library and Information Science. New York: Ferguson. pp. 206–212. ISBN 978-0816075461.
External links
edit- "World List". American Library Association. Education & Careers. The World List was devised and developed by Professor Tom Wilson of the University of Sheffield, UK and maintained by him from 1996 to 2013. 2013.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link) World List of schools and departments of information science, information management and related disciplines