John Eyton Bickersteth Mayor FBA (28 January 1825 – 1 December 1910) was an English classical scholar, writer and vegetarianism activist.
John E. B. Mayor | |
|---|---|
 1891 portrait by Hubert von Herkomer | |
| Born | John Eyton Bickersteth Mayor 28 January 1825 |
| Died | 1 December 1910 (aged 85) Cambridge, England |
| Resting place | Ascension Parish Burial Ground, Cambridge |
| Occupation(s) | Scholar, writer, activist |
Life and career
editMayor was born at Baddegama, British Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) the son of Rev. Robert Mayor and Charlotte Bickersteth. His mother came from the prominent Bickersteth family and was the sister of Henry Bickersteth, 1st Baron Langdale and Rev. Edward Bickersteth. He was sent to England to be educated at Shrewsbury School and St John's College, Cambridge. Joseph Bickersteth Mayor was his younger brother.[1]
From 1863 to 1867, Mayor was librarian of the University of Cambridge, and in 1872 succeeded H. A. J. Munro in the professorship of Latin, which he held for 28 years. His best-known work, an edition of the thirteen Satires of Juvenal, is notable for an extraordinary wealth of illustrative quotations. His Bibliographical Clue to Latin Literature (1875), based on Emil Hübner's Grundriss zu Vorlesungen über die römische Litteraturgeschichte, was a valuable aid to students, and his edition of Cicero's Second Philippic became widely used.[2]
Mayor also edited the English works of John Fisher, Bishop of Rochester (1876); Thomas Baker's History of St John's College, Cambridge (1869); Richard of Cirencester's Speculum historiale de gestis regum Angliae 447–1066 (1863–69); Roger Ascham's Schoolmaster (new ed., 1883); the Latin Heptateuch (1889); and the Journal of Philology.[2]
According to the Enciklopedio de Esperanto, Mayor learned Esperanto in 1907, and gave a historic speech against Esperanto reformists at the World Congress of Esperanto held at Cambridge.
His life and work are idiosyncratically and somewhat unsympathetically described in Juvenal's Mayor: The Professor Who Lived on 2d. a Day by J. G. W. Henderson.
Mayor died on 1 December 1910 in Cambridge. He is buried in the Ascension Parish Burial Ground in Cambridge.[1]
Vegetarianism
editMayor succeeded Francis William Newman as president of the Vegetarian Society[3] in 1884 and remained in that position till his death.[4] He was a strict vegetarian and teetotaller but it was noted that "he never sought to impose his rule of abstinence on others."[5] Mayor authored What is Vegetarianism?, in 1886. His vegetarian writings were published in the book, Plain Living and High Thinking in 1897.[6]
Mayor ate a strict vegetarian diet and lived off twopence a day. His diet consisted of bread, fruit, porridge and vegetables with lemonade as his only drink.[7]
Selected publications
edit- Nicholas Ferrar: Two Lives (1855)
- Early statutes of the College of St. John at Cambridge in the University of Cambridge (1859)
- Advent Warnings: a Sermon (1863)
- History of the College of St. John the Evangelist, Cambridge (with Thomas Baker, 1869)
- Affiliation of Local Colleges to the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge (1874)
- Bibliographical Clue to Latin Literature (1875)
- Modicus Cibi Medicus Sibi, Or, Nature Her Own Physician (1880)
- What is Vegetarianism? (1886)
- The Church and the Life of the Poor (1889)
- The Latin Heptateuch (1889)
- Thirteen Satires of Juvenal (1889)
- Spain, Portugal: the Bible (1892)
- Plain Living and High Thinking (1897)
- Mercy, Not Curiosity, the Mother of Medicine (1898)
- Cambridge Under Queen Anne (1911)
- Twelve Cambridge Sermons (1911)
Notes
edit- ^ a b "Mayor, John Eyton Bickersteth (MR844JE)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
- ^ a b Chisholm 1911.
- ^ Spencer, Colin. (1995). The Heretic's Feast: A History of Vegetarianism. University Press of New England. p. 275. ISBN 0-87451-708-7
- ^ Venn, John; Venn, John Archibald (15 September 2011). "Mayor, John Eyton Bickersteth". Alumni Cantabrigienses: A Biographical List of All Known Students, Graduates and Holders of Office at the University of Cambridge, from the Earliest Times to 1900. Cambridge University Press. p. 379. ISBN 978-1-108-03614-6.
- ^ "Twelve Cambridge Sermons. By John E. B. Mayor. Edited with a Memoir by H. F. Stewart". The Journal of Education. 34: 183. 1912.
- ^ "Prof. John E. B. Mayor, M. A". Food, Home and Garden. 1 (9): 131. 1897.
- ^ "Lived on Twopence a Day". Porthcawl and District News. 8 December 1910. p. 3. (subscription required)
References
edit- This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Mayor, John Eyton Bickersteth". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 937.
- The Cambridge History of English and American Literature
