General Sir John Philip Du Cane, GCB (5 May 1865 – 5 April 1947) was a British Army officer. He held high rank during the First World War, most notably as Major General Royal Artillery at General Headquarters in 1915 when the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) was expanding rapidly, as General Officer Commanding XV Corps 1916–18, then from April 1918 as liaison officer between Field Marshal Sir Douglas Haig and the Allied Generalissimo Ferdinand Foch. After the war he was Master-General of the Ordnance.
Sir John Du Cane | |
|---|---|
 Major General Sir John Philip Du Cane by Francis Dodd | |
| Born | 5 May 1865 South Kensington, London, England |
| Died | 5 April 1947 (aged 81) Westminster, London, England |
| Allegiance | United Kingdom |
| Service | British Army |
| Years of service | 1884–1931 |
| Rank | General |
| Unit | Royal Artillery |
| Commands | Malta British Army of the Rhine Western Command XV Corps |
| Battles / wars | Second Boer War First World War |
| Awards | Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath Mentioned in Despatches |
Military career
editAfter attending the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, Du Cane was commissioned a lieutenant in the Royal Artillery in February 1884,[1][2] promoted to captain on 4 March 1893, and to major on 14 February 1900.[3][4]
Du Cane served in the Second Boer War, and was appointed a staff officer for lines of communication in South Africa in September 1900.[5] Following the end of hostilities in early June 1902, he left Cape Town on board the SS Assaye,[6] and arrived at Southampton the next month. He was mentioned in despatches and received a brevet promotion to lieutenant colonel in the South Africa honours list published on 26 June 1902.[7]
After serving as a brigade major, Royal Artillery, he then served at the Staff College, Camberley, as a deputy assistant adjutant general (DAAG) from April 1905−1907.[8][9] He was promoted again to major in January 1908,[10] and full colonel later that month.[11] He then became a general staff officer, grade 1 (GSO1) at army headquarters.[12]
Having been made a Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB) in June 1910,[13] Du Cane was promoted in February 1911 to the temporary rank of brigadier general and succeeded Sir Godfrey Thomas, 9th Baronet as commander, Royal Artillery (CRA) for the 3rd Division.[1][14]
Du Cane served in the First World War initially as a brigadier general on the general staff of III Corps of the British Expeditionary Force (BEF).[1] In 1915, after being promoted to major general in February,[15] as major general, Royal Artillery, he was an artillery advisor at General Headquarters; Lieutenant General Sir William Robertson, chief of staff to the BEF in 1915, later stated that he had laid the organisational groundwork for the massive expansion of BEF artillery during the war.[16][1] He was posted to the Ministry of Munitions in 1916 and then, after being promoted to temporary lieutenant general,[17] became general officer commanding (GOC) of XV Corps in September 1916, after Sir Henry Horne went to command the First Army.[1] In that capacity, he was closely involved in Operation Hush, a planned invasion on the Belgian coast.[18] On 12 April 1918, against the backdrop of the German "Georgette" Offensive and Field Marshal Sir Douglas Haig's demands for French reinforcements, he was appointed liaison officer between Haig and the Allied generalissimo, Ferdinand Foch.[19]
After the war, Du Cane, promoted to the permanent rank of lieutenant-general in January 1919,[20] made his home in London at 4 Upper Brook Street, Mayfair.[21] Du Cane was appointed Master-General of the Ordnance in 1920 and then General Officer Commanding-in-Chief for Western Command in October 1923.[1][22] He was General Officer Commanding-in-Chief for British Army of the Rhine from 1924 until 1927 when he became Governor and Commander-in-Chief of Malta, during which time he was promoted to general.[23] He was also aide-de-camp general to the King from 1926 to 1930. He retired in 1931.[1]
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Liberal | Samuel Pattinson | 10,954 | 54.5 | +0.4 | |
| Unionist | John Du Cane | 9,135 | 45.5 | −0.4 | |
| Majority | 1,819 | 9.0 | +0.8 | ||
| Turnout | 20,089 | 80.9 | −0.6 | ||
| Registered electors | 24,821 | ||||
| Liberal hold | Swing | +0.4 | |||
Works
edit- DuCane, Lt. General Sir John, Marshal Foch, London: privately printed, 1920
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives
- ^ "No. 25530". The London Gazette. 21 March 1884. p. 1348.
- ^ "No. 27175". The London Gazette. 20 March 1900. p. 1878.
- ^ Hart′s Army list, 1903
- ^ Hart′s Army list, 1901
- ^ "The Army in South Africa – Troops returning home". The Times. No. 36804. London. 26 June 1902. p. 10.
- ^ "No. 27448". The London Gazette (Supplement). 26 June 1902. pp. 4191–4194.
- ^ Travers, Tim (2009). The Killing Ground. Pen and Sword. p. 284. ISBN 978-1844158898.
- ^ "No. 27830". The London Gazette. 25 August 1905. p. 5842.
- ^ "No. 28102". The London Gazette. 24 January 1908. p. 569.
- ^ "No. 28101". The London Gazette. 21 January 1908. p. 497.
- ^ "No. 28101". The London Gazette. 21 January 1908. p. 496.
- ^ "No. 28388". The London Gazette (Supplement to the London Gazette Extraordinary). 24 June 1910. p. 4476.
- ^ "No. 28649". The London Gazette. 24 February 1911. p. 1467.
- ^ "No. 29074". The London Gazette (Supplement). 16 February 1915. p. 1685.
- ^ Robertson p222-3
- ^ "No. 29804". The London Gazette. 27 October 1916. p. 10424.
- ^ The Long, Long Trail
- ^ Harris 2008, pp. 469–471.
- ^ "No. 31092". The London Gazette (Supplement). 31 December 1918. p. 13.
- ^ "Upper Brook Street: North Side Pages 200-210 Survey of London: Volume 40, the Grosvenor Estate in Mayfair, Part 2 (The Buildings). Originally published by London County Council, London, 1980". British History Online. Retrieved 12 July 2020.
- ^ "No. 32869". The London Gazette. 9 October 1923. p. 6753.
- ^ "No. 33134". The London Gazette. 19 February 1926. p. 1243.
- ^ The Liberal Year Book, 1931
Sources
edit- Harris, J.P. (2008). Douglas Haig and the First World War (2009 ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-89802-7.
- Robertson, Sir William Robert (1921). From Private to Field Marshal. London: Constable. ASIN B008TCWACC.