Pierre Jules Baroche (French pronunciation: [pjɛʁ ʒyl baʁɔʃ]; 18 November 1802, Paris[1] – 29 October 1870, Jersey[2]) was a French statesman, who served as minister in several of Napoleon III's governments. He was Minister of the Interior from 15 March 1850 to 24 January 1851,[3] Minister of Foreign Affairs from 10 April 1851 to 26 October 1851,[4] President of the Conseil d'État from 30 December 1852,[5] briefly Minister of Foreign Affairs again from 4 January 1860 to 24 January 1860, Minister without portfolio from 3 December 1860,[6] and Minister of Justice (and of Public Worship) from 23 June 1863 to 17 July 1869.[4]
Jules Baroche | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | |
| In office 10 April 1851 – 26 October 1851 | |
| Preceded by | Alexandre Colonna-Walewski |
| Succeeded by | Édouard Thouvenel |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 18 November 1802 |
| Died | 29 October 1870 (aged 67) |
Born to a family of shopkeepers,[7] Baroche received his baccalauréat in 1820 and pursued a legal education, becoming a lawyer in 1823.[8] He became moderately well-known and somewhat notorious as a lawyer, particularly in his pleadings before the Cours des pairs (Court of Peers). He defended former Defense Minister Amédée Louis Despans-Cubières from corruption charges before the peers in 1847.
Baroche ran for office unsuccessfully in Seine-et-Oise in 1840, 1842 and 1846, finally winning a National Assembly seat in Charente-Inférieure in 1847.[9] He strongly opposed the government of François Guizot and took part in its overthrow. A sincere republican during the 1848 revolution, he represented Charente-Inférieure at the constituent assembly of the Second Republic. After 1848, however, he became associated with right wing politics and particularly with the purge of leftist and royalist judges from the French courts and with the defense of the many press censorship laws passed as the republic became increasingly authoritarian. He resigned his ministry in 1851 in a disagreement with French president Louis Napoleon, and he refused to participate in the coup d'état of 14 January 1852 that established the Second Empire, but became president of the Conseil d'État in December of the same year, remaining in that powerful post for most of the next decade. He was appointed a Grand Cross of the Legion of Honor on 3 February 1855.[10]
Following liberal reforms in 1860, Napoleon III appointed Baroche to a ministry without portfolio, while he was still president of the Conseil d'État, in order to shore up his support in parliament. Baroch's appointment to the Ministry of Justice was his principal role in the 1860s, but in the end, as the political tide turned against the Empire, he declined in popularity and was dismissed by the Emperor in 1869, although he appointed Baroche to the French Senate. Nonetheless, Baroche was so closely linked to the Empire and its repressive policies that, like many other high-ranking officials in the imperial government, he fled to Great Britain as the Second Empire crumbled, dying shortly afterwards on the island of Jersey.
References
edit- ^ Maurain, Jean (1936). Baroche; ministre de Napoléon III (in French). F. Alcan. p. 1. Retrieved 4 February 2024.
- ^ Marmier, Xavier (1968). Journal 1848-1890 (in French). Droz. p. 190. Retrieved 4 February 2024.
- ^ Bulletin annuel (in French). Association amicale des secrétaires et anciens secrétaires de la conférence des avocats à Paris. 1885. p. 155. Retrieved 4 February 2024.
- ^ a b Josat, Jules (1883). Le Ministère des finances: son fonctionnement suivi d'une étude sur l'organisation générale des autres ministères (in French). Berger-Levrault et cie. pp. 654, 685. Retrieved 4 February 2024.
- ^ Aucoc, Léon (1876). Le Conseil d'état avant et depuis 1789: Ses transformations, ses travaux et son personnel. Étude historique et bibliographique (in French). Imprimerie nationale. p. 366. Retrieved 4 February 2024.
- ^ Études gobiniennes (in French). Klincksieck. 1973. p. 16. ISBN 978-2-252-01635-0. Retrieved 4 February 2024.
- ^ Baroche, Céleste (1921). Second empire: Notes et souvenirs (in French). G. Crès & cie. p. I. Retrieved 4 February 2024.
- ^ BERJEAU, Jean Philibert; Berjeau, J. Ph (1853). Biographies Bonapartistes (in French). Librairie et Agence de l'Imprimerie Universelle de Jersey. p. 194. Retrieved 4 February 2024.
- ^ Young, Archibald (1869). An Historical Sketch of the French Bar from Its Origin to the Present Day: With Biographical Notices of Some of the Principal Advocates of the Nineteenth Century. Edmonston and Douglas. p. 262. Retrieved 4 February 2024.
- ^ "Recherche - Base de données Léonore". www.leonore.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr. Retrieved 4 February 2024.