Kowa (康和) was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō, "year name") after Jōtoku and before Chōji. This period spanned the years from August 1099 through February 1104.[1] The reigning emperor was Horikawa-tennō (堀河天皇).[2]

Change of Era

edit
  • January 24, 1099 Kōwa 1 (康和元年): The new era name was created to mark an event or series of events. The previous era ended and the new one commenced in Jōtoku 3, on the 28th day of the 8th month of 1099.[3]

Events of the Kōwa Era

edit

Notes

edit
  1. ^ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Kowa" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 566, p. 566, at Google Books; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, see Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File Archived 2012-05-24 at archive.today.
  2. ^ Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du Japon, pp. 172–177; Brown, Delmer et al. (1979). Gukanshō, pp. 317–320; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki. p. 202.
  3. ^ Brown, p. 319.
  4. ^ Titsingh, pp. 176–177.
  5. ^ a b Titsingh, p. 177.

References

edit
  • Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979). Gukanshō: The Future and the Past. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-03460-0; OCLC 251325323
  • Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). Japan encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5; OCLC 58053128
  • Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Nihon Ōdai Ichiran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon. Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. OCLC 5850691
  • Varley, H. Paul. (1980). A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 9780231049405; OCLC 6042764
edit
Preceded by Era or nengō
Kōwa

1099–1104
Succeeded by
  NODES
Note 3