Wikipedia

Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg

This article is about the 21st century politician. For the 20th century politician, his grandfather, see Karl Theodor Freiherr von und zu Guttenberg.

Karl-Theodor Maria Nikolaus Johann Jacob Philipp Franz Joseph Sylvester Buhl-Freiherr von und zu Guttenberg (born 5 December 1971), known professionally as Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg, is a German businessman, journalist, podcaster, and former politician of the Christian Social Union (CSU). He served as a member of the Bundestag from 2002 to 2011, as Secretary-General of the CSU from 2008 to 2009, as Federal Minister for Economics and Technology in 2009 and as Federal Minister of Defence from 2009 to 2011.

Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg
Bundesminister a. D.
Guttenberg in 2017
Minister of Defence
In office
28 October 2009 – 1 March 2011
ChancellorAngela Merkel
Preceded byFranz Josef Jung
Succeeded byThomas de Maizière
Minister for Economic Affairs and Technology
In office
10 February 2009 – 27 October 2009
ChancellorAngela Merkel
Preceded byMichael Glos
Succeeded byRainer Brüderle
Secretary General of the Christian Social Union
In office
3 November 2008 – 10 February 2009
LeaderHorst Seehofer
Preceded byChristine Haderthauer
Succeeded byAlexander Dobrindt
Member of the Bundestag
for Kulmbach
In office
17 October 2002 – 3 March 2011
Preceded byBernd Protzner
Succeeded byEmmi Zeulner (2013)
Personal details
Born
Karl-Theodor Maria Nikolaus Johann Jacob Philipp Joseph Sylvester Buhl-Freiherr von und zu Guttenberg[1][2]

(1971-12-05) 5 December 1971 (age 53)
Munich, West Germany
Political partyChristian Social Union
Spouse
​
​
(m. 2000; sep. 2023)​
Children2
Parents
Alma mater
Signature
Military service
Allegiance Germany
Branch/service Bundeswehr
Years of service1991–1992
UnitArmy (Heer) / Gebirgsjägerbrigade 23

After the discovery of extensive plagiarism in his doctoral dissertation and the decision of the University of Bayreuth to revoke his doctorate, an affair known as the Guttenberg plagiarism scandal, he resigned from all political posts in March 2011.

In 2011, Guttenberg joined the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS). Guttenberg is the chairman and a founder of Spitzberg Partners, an advisory and investment firm based in New York City.[3][4]

Education

edit

In 1991, after finishing high school (Gymnasium) in Rosenheim,[5][6] Guttenberg completed his mandatory military service reaching the rank of Sergeant.[7] Guttenberg studied law at the University of Bayreuth,[8] where he passed the first legal state examination (said to be the equivalent of a master's degree) in 1999. Guttenberg chose not to pursue the second state examination (the equivalent of a bar exam),[9] and focused on running the Munich-based "Guttenberg GmbH" holding[10] where, along with a few employees, he managed his family's significant assets and various participations.[8] Due to the holding's low turnover and small number of employees, it was said that Guttenberg had exaggerated his business experience.[11] The Guttenberg GmbH had assets under management of at least a quarter billion euros, including a 26.5 percent stake in Rhön-Klinikum AG,[12] which was sold in March 2002 to Bayerische Hypo- und Vereinsbank for 260 million euros.[13] From 1996 to 2002, Guttenberg was a member of the board of directors of Rhön-Klinikum AG.[14] Until September 2004, he was a managing director of the KT-Kapitalverwaltung GbR in Munich.[15]

Guttenberg studied law at the University of Bayreuth.[16][17] He successfully defended his dissertation Verfassung und Verfassungsvertrag. Konstitutionelle Entwicklungsstufen in den USA und der EU (lit. 'Constitution and Constitutional Treaty. Stages of Constitutional Development in the USA and EU'), and was awarded the academic degree Doctor of Law (Doktor der Rechte) in 2007.[18] Following accusations of plagiarism in Guttenberg's dissertation, the University of Bayreuth conducted an investigation, culminating on 23 February 2011 with the revocation of Guttenberg's doctorate.[18][19]

In 2019, Guttenberg was awarded a Doctor of Philosophy degree from the University of Southampton.[20][21][22]

Political career

edit
 
Guttenberg with German Chancellor Angela Merkel, 2010

Guttenberg is a member of the Christian Social Union of Bavaria (CSU) and held different positions within the party, including that of secretary general.[23]

Member of Parliament

edit

In 2002, Guttenberg was elected to the Bundestag as the representative of Kulmbach. He was reelected in 2005, winning 60.0% of the votes in his constituency. In 2009, he was reelected again with 68.1% of the votes in his district, obtaining the highest percentage of votes of all elected representatives in Germany for that election cycle.[24]

From October 2005 to November 2008,[25] Guttenberg served as chairman of the CDU/CSU parliamentary group in the Bundestag's Foreign Affairs Committee[26] and as spokesman of the CDU/CSU parliamentary group in the Bundestag's Committee on disarmament, non-proliferation and arms control. He also chaired the CSU Foreign Policy Expert Committee[27] and the German-British parliamentary group during that time.[28][29]

Political positions

edit

In early 2004, Guttenberg introduced the concept of a Privileged Partnership between Turkey and the European Union as a viable alternative to accession of Turkey to the European Union into the German political discourse.[30][31] Guttenberg based his opposition to full Turkish membership in the EU on the country's insufficient fulfillment of relevant accession criteria,[32] for example with regard to the Cyprus dispute.[33] At the same time, he stressed the necessity of maintaining good relations with Turkey and was therefore critical of a French initiative to criminalize the denial of the Armenian genocide.[34]

Guttenberg also repeatedly warned of the looming threat posed to German and European security by Iran's nuclear and ballistic missile programs.[35] However, he rejected taking rash military action against Iran and instead called for an international diplomatic effort to deal with Tehran's nuclear program.[36][37] As a Member of Parliament, he was a strong critic of the far-left party Die Linke, which he accused of links to terrorists.[38] He was also a member of the Europa-Union Parliamentary Group of the German Bundestag and a member of the Board of Trustees of the Foundation Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe.[39]

Secretary General of the CSU

edit

In September 2008, the CSU suffered heavy losses in the Bavaria state election and lost its absolute majority in the Bavarian Landtag - for the first time in 46 years. As a result of this political defeat the CSU party leadership stepped down[40][41] and Horst Seehofer, the new CSU chairman and minister-president of Bavaria,[42] appointed Guttenberg as secretary general of the CSU in November 2008.[23][43]

As secretary-general, Guttenberg called for tax cuts,[44][45] an increase in family benefits[45] and structural reforms within the CSU to foster more direct political participation of the party base.[46] In addition to domestic policy he also emphasized his focus on international affairs.[47]

Federal Minister of Economics

edit

After the resignation of Michael Glos on 9 February 2009[48] Guttenberg became Federal Minister of Economics and Technology in the first Merkel cabinet.[49][50] Guttenberg, the youngest economics minister in the German post-war era,[51] came to office during the 2007–2008 financial crisis and the Great Recession.

During the 2007–2008 financial crisis, several major German banks were near failure, including Hypo Real Estate, which received €102 billion of credit and guarantees from Germany's bank rescue fund.[52] In this case, Guttenberg opposed an overly hasty nationalization of Hypo Real Estate,[53] which he considered only as "ultissima ratio, a measure of the very last resort".[54] A few months later he drafted a legislative proposal to minimize the financial risks of failing banks,[55][56] which caused controversy[57] but later became the foundation of the German bank restructuring bill.[58][59]

In the case of troubled German companies asking for state aid, including automaker Opel[60] and now-defunct mail-order service Arcandor/Quelle,[61] Guttenberg was reluctant to commit government resources. He insisted on strict conditionality, including restructuring, and limited support to only those companies which were otherwise competitive but were temporarily affected by the crisis.[61]

In November 2008, Opel had appealed for governmental assistance because of severe financial problems facing its American parent, General Motors (GM).[62] In 2009, Opel employed 25,000 workers in Germany and indirectly supported 50,000 additional jobs through its supplier network.[62] In March 2009, Guttenberg made his first visit to the US as economics minister, focusing his trip on the future of Opel.[63] In his talks with U.S. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner, the director of the United States National Economic Council, Lawrence Summers, and Rick Wagoner, then CEO of General Motors, Guttenberg demanded that GM provide a viable restructuring plan for Opel as a precondition for receiving financial assistance from the German state.[64][65] Guttenberg and Wagoner agreed on the necessity of a private investor for Opel.[66]

After Guttenberg's visit to the US, negotiations between the German government, GM, and potential Opel investors, including Fiat and Canada's Magna International, were stalled by GM and the U.S. Treasury.[67][68] In contrast to Merkel and other German political leaders, Guttenberg preferred insolvency for Opel rather than the infusion of unconditional financial assistance from the German state.[69] Because of the resultant financial risks to the German state, Guttenberg opposed the sale of Opel to Magna International, favoured by Chancellor Merkel,[70] and—according to media coverage—even offered his resignation over the controversy.[71][72] The Opel-Magna deal later failed,[73] and Opel remained a subsidiary of GM, who had to reimburse financial assistance to Germany.[74] In the summer of 2009, he surpassed Angela Merkel as the most popular politician in Germany.[75]

Federal Minister of Defence

edit
 
Guttenberg with U.S. Secretary of Defense Robert M. Gates in front of the Pentagon, 2009

The 2009 Bundestag elections led to a change in government, as the incumbent grand coalition of CDU/CSU and SPD was replaced by a center-right coalition of CDU/CSU and FDP.[76]

According to German press reports, Chancellor Merkel offered Guttenberg the choice between the interior and the defence ministries while negotiating the distribution of ministerial posts within the new coalition government.[77][78] Guttenberg decided to opt for the defence portfolio[79][80] and took the oath of office on 28 October 2009[81] as part of the Second Cabinet Merkel. He was the youngest-ever German defence minister in the post-war era.[82]

Afghanistan

edit

The first political challenge facing defence minister Guttenberg was dealing with the Kunduz airstrike of 4 September 2009. Initially, he adopted the position of his predecessor Jung and defended the air strike as "militarily appropriate". However, in contrast to Jung, Guttenberg conceded that the strike had also caused civilian casualties.[83] After Guttenberg had received additional information and investigative reports dating back to the tenure of his predecessor Jung, Guttenberg changed his position concerning the "Kunduz airstrike"[84] and dismissed Bundeswehr Chief of Staff Schneiderhahn and Parliamentary State Secretary of Defence Wichert on 26 November 2009.[85]

Jung, who in the meantime had assumed the position of labor minister in the second Merkel cabinet, took full political responsibility for the delay in sharing relevant Kunduz air strike information and resigned the following day.[86]

At the demand of the opposition parties, the Bundestag subsequently established a special investigative committee to shed light on the defense ministry's communications policy in connection with the Kunduz air strike.[87][88] The final report of the Bundestag's special investigative committee cleared Guttenberg from the accusation that he had been responsible for the defence ministry's inadequate communications policy following the Kunduz strike.[89][90] The findings were supported by members from the ruling CDU/CSU-FDP coalition while the opposition parties criticized the special investigative committee's report[91] and later published their own account of the investigation.[92][93]

Shortly after taking office, Guttenberg publicly compared the situation faced by Bundeswehr soldiers in Afghanistan to "war".[82][94][95][96] In doing so, Guttenberg broke a major political taboo since up until then Germany's political leadership – including the Chancellor and previous defense ministers – had only referred to the Afghanistan intervention as a "stabilization deployment".[88][97][98] The new classification of the Bundeswehr's Afghanistan deployment as "war" improved the legal status of German soldiers operating under international law.[99]

 
Guttenberg in Kunduz Province in December 2009

Guttenberg attempted to elevate public perception of Germany's Afghan mission by personally participating - sometimes along with the Chancellor - at funeral services held for fallen Bundeswehr soldiers.[100][101] In November 2010, Guttenberg established the Combat Action Medal of the Bundeswehr, which is awarded for bravery in combat and to soldiers who were the _targets of terrorist or military attacks.[102][103][104]

At the political level, Guttenberg spoke out strongly against a military withdrawal from Afghanistan. He specifically warned against imposing fixed troop withdrawal timetables that do not take into account the security situation on the ground.[105][106] Furthermore, Guttenberg also demanded a stronger involvement of key neighboring states such as Russia, India, and China in the resolution of the Afghan conflict.[107][108] In light of the traditionally challenging security situation in Afghanistan, Guttenberg called for the development of an internationally coordinated long-term security strategy – based on the use of special forces and close intelligence cooperation within the coalition – to stabilize the country even after the eventual withdrawal of all foreign troops.[109]

During his tenure as defense minister, Guttenberg made nine visits to Afghanistan and the German soldiers deployed there.[110][111] To gain a first-hand understanding of the situation on the ground and the military risks of the Bundeswehr's mission, Guttenberg went several times to the frontlines of the Afghan conflict.[112][113] He also invited journalists to accompany him on these trips in an effort to educate the wider German public about the nature of the Bundeswehr deployment in Afghanistan.[114] In December 2010, Guttenberg traveled to Afghanistan along with his wife Stephanie to visit with the troops before the Christmas holidays.[115] In addition, he was also accompanied by German TV moderator Johannes B. Kerner,[116] who hosted his prime-time talk show at the Bundeswehr camp in Mazar-i-Sharif featuring the Guttenbergs and German soldiers deployed there.[117] While other German media and the opposition parties sharply criticized Guttenberg for allowing Kerner to host his show in Afghanistan,[118][119][120] the reaction by the German troops and the general public was predominantly positive.[121][122]

Bundeswehr reform

edit

In early 2010, Guttenberg decided to push for fundamental Bundeswehr reforms in an effort to address the structural deficits within the German armed forces[123][124] and to deal with declining defense budgets.[125] The overall goal was to boost the Bundeswehr's expeditionary capabilities[126] while, at the same time, achieving cost reductions. To accomplish these reforms, Guttenberg proposed to reduce the armed forces to 165,000 active duty soldiers and to suspend the draft,[127][128][129] resulting in the most comprehensive restructuring of the Bundeswehr since its founding in 1955.[130] Guttenberg's reform plans were supported by a blue-ribbon "Bundeswehr Structural Commission"[131] that the minister created in April 2010.[132] The proposals triggered a major debate about the country's draft system and were met with significant political opposition, not least in Guttenberg's own political party.[133] In the end, Guttenberg's view won out and on 29 October 2010, the CSU general party convention approved the minister's motion to suspend the draft by a large majority.[134] Several weeks later, Chancellor Merkel's CDU held its own party convention and also voted in favor of suspending the draft.[135] In November 2010, a United States diplomatic cables leak revealed that American diplomats viewed Guttenberg positively, with one cable describing him as a "foreign policy expert, a transatlanticist and a close and well-known friend to the United States".[136]

Plagiarism scandal and resignation

edit
Main article: Guttenberg plagiarism scandal

In 2011, Guttenberg resigned amid controversy over the doctoral dissertation he submitted at the University of Bayreuth, after the first accusations of plagiarism became public in February 2011. Guttenberg's dissertation, Verfassung und Verfassungsvertrag (lit. 'Constitution and Constitutional Treaty'), had been the basis of his 2007 doctorate from the University of Bayreuth.[137][138] Guttenberg at first denied intentional plagiarism, calling the accusations "absurd," but acknowledged that he may have made errors in his footnotes.[139][140][141] In addition, it emerged that Guttenberg had requested a report from the Bundestag's research department, which he had then inserted into his dissertation without attribution.[142] On 23 February 2011, Guttenberg apologized in parliament for flaws in his dissertation, but denied intentional deception and denied the use of a ghostwriter.[143]

On 23 February 2011, the University of Bayreuth rescinded Guttenberg's doctorate.[144][145] In part due to the expressions of confidence by Angela Merkel, the scandal continued to evoke heavy criticism from prominent academics, legal scholars (who accused Guttenberg of intentional plagiarism), and politicians both in the opposition and in the governing coalition.[146][147][148] On 1 March 2011, Guttenberg announced his resignation as Minister of Defense, from his seat in the Bundestag, and from all other political offices.[149]

In May 2011, a University of Bayreuth commission tasked with investigating Guttenberg's dissertation came to the conclusion that Guttenberg had engaged in intentional deception in the writing of his dissertation, and had violated standards of good academic practice.[150][151] The commission found that he had included borrowed passages throughout his dissertation without citation, and had modified those passages in order to conceal their origin.[152][153]

In November 2011, the prosecution in Hof discontinued the criminal proceedings for copyright violations against Guttenberg on condition of Guttenberg paying €20,000 to a charity.[154] The prosecutor found 23 prosecutable copyright violations in Guttenberg's dissertation, but estimated that the material damage suffered by the authors of those texts was marginal.[155][156]

The scandal also led to scrutiny of other politicians' doctorates,[157][158][159] notably that of his colleague in the federal cabinet Annette Schavan and Hungarian President Pál Schmitt, who lost their doctorates for similar reasons.

2017 German federal election

edit

Guttenberg returned to German politics by making a speech during the 2017 German federal election in which he hailed Chancellor Angela Merkel. The speech was widely reported on in German media and described as marking his comeback in German politics. Guttenberg also said Germany should preserve its relationship with the United States in order to renew the ties after the end of the Trump era, noting that "they won't forget it if, at a time when they were being mocked by the whole world, we maintained contacts with them and said this relationship is important now and will remain so in future."[160] Guttenberg himself has always ruled out the possibility of a comeback.[161][162][163]

Career after politics

edit

In September 2011, Guttenberg joined the Washington-based Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS).[164] At the Halifax International Security Forum in November 2011, Guttenberg made his first public appearance since joining CSIS.[165] During a plenary session on the Great Recession, he voiced pessimism about the current state of the EU[166] and decried a severe "crisis of political leadership".[167]

In November 2011, Guttenberg published the book Vorerst gescheitert (lit. 'Failed for Now'). The publication is based on a series of conversations with the editor-in-chief of Die Zeit, Giovanni di Lorenzo, in which Guttenberg talks extensively for the first time about his political career, the plagiarism scandal and his resignation, as well as his plans for the future.[168] Guttenberg's criticism in the book of the direction which the CSU is headed sparked some controversy within his party.[169][170]

Since 2013, he has been a member of the International Advisory Board of Barrick Gold Corporation.[171]

In 2013, Guttenberg formed Spitzberg Partners LLC, a consulting and investment company.[172][173] In September 2014, Spitzberg Partners and Canadian Acasta Capital[174] founded Atlantic Advisory Partners (AAP), a partnership to promote business and trade between Canada and the European Union in connection with the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA).[175]

Guttenberg is a strong critic of Russian president Vladimir Putin's expansionist foreign policy. In Spring 2014, he decried an "astonishing leadership vacuum in the world" and demanded that the West, and especially Europe, respond to Moscow's aggressions with strong political action. He praised Chancellor Merkel for her firm stance against Putin. Guttenberg appeared together with Henry Kissinger during a CNN interview about the Ukraine crisis and explained the significant domestic political resistance that Merkel's Russia policy faced in Germany.[176] Several months later Guttenberg accused the EU of inaction and a lack of capabilities given the crises in Ukraine and the Middle East.[177]

Since July 2014, he has also been an advisor to Ripple Labs.[178]

In October 2015, former CSU chairman Horst Seehofer appointed Guttenberg to his competence team for the election campaign.[179] He has also been advising Deutsche Lufthansa on innovation issues since 2015.[180][181]

At Edelman, he was initially a founding member of the Global Advisory Board, established in 2018,[182] and was later appointed to the Board of Directors.[183] He is also a board member of the Institute for Strategic Dialogue (ISD).[184]

Guttenberg is a member of the advisory board of Renew Democracy Initiative, a non-partisan organization founded in 2017.[185]

In 2022, Guttenberg signed a contract with RTL Television.[186] His documentary on Vladimir Putin, "KT Guttenberg - Auf den Spuren der Macht Der Fall Putin", was broadcast on RTL+ in autumn 2022[187] and then on n-tv on 12 December 2022.[188][189] A second programme, "KT Guttenberg - Um Gottes Willen? Die Macht der Kirche in Deutschland" was broadcast on n-tv in January 2024.[190]

In December 2022, he co-hosted the annual review "Menschen, Bilder, Emotionen" with Thomas Gottschalk.[191][192]

Since 2023 there is a weekly podcast with Gregor Gysi called "Gysi gegen Guttenberg – Der Deutschland-Podcast".[193]

Family and personal life

edit
 
Stephanie zu Guttenberg, née Gräfin von Bismarck-Schönhausen, the wife of Guttenberg (2010)

Guttenberg is a member of the House of Guttenberg, first documented in 1158, and conferred the rank of baron by the Holy Roman Emperor in 1700.[194] Since the adoption of Germany's 1919 Weimar Constitution, which abolished the nobility's privileges, "noble titles form part of the name only".[195]

His grandfather, Karl Theodor Freiherr von und zu Guttenberg (1921–1972), was a CSU politician and hard-line conservative during the Cold War, noted for his opposition to the Ostpolitik. During the Second World War, he narrowly escaped execution after refusing to kill Jews, stating that he would rather shoot SS members.[196][197] Several other members of Guttenberg's family also offered resistance to the Nazi regime, among them his great-grandfather Georg Enoch Freiherr von und zu Guttenberg,[198] and Karl Ludwig Freiherr von und zu Guttenberg, a great-great-uncle of Guttenberg. Karl Ludwig was a Catholic monarchist, who prior to the Second World War published the "Weiße Blätter" (White Papers), an important publication of the conservative opposition to the Nazi regime. He belonged to the circle of anti-Hitler conspirators around Hans von Dohnányi, Justus Delbrück, and Hans Oster. After the failure of the 20 July plot he was arrested and later executed.[196][199] His grandmother, Rosa Sophie Prinzessin von Arenberg (1922–2012), was a member of the House of Arenberg.

 
The family castle in Guttenberg, Bavaria

Guttenberg was born in Munich. He lived at his family castle in Guttenberg, Bavaria (district of Kulmbach), a village whose history is closely associated with the House of Guttenberg, and in a mansion in a refined part of Berlin, Berlin-Westend. The castle has been in the possession of the Guttenberg family since 1482.[200]

Guttenberg's father was Enoch zu Guttenberg, a conductor,[201] who has been decorated with the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany (Officer's Cross)[202] as well as the Bavarian Order of Merit.[202] He has received many awards for his contributions to classical music, including the German Cultural Award[202] and the Echo Klassik award.[203] Previously, Enoch zu Guttenberg also owned the winery estate Weingut Reichsrat von Buhl.[204]

Guttenberg's mother, Christiane zu Eltz[205] is a member of the Eltz family, which has strong ties with Croatia. She is the daughter of Ludwine, Countess Pejacsevich de Verocze. Her father was Jakob von und zu Eltz, a former President of the Association of Winemakers in Rheingau who became active in Croatian politics after Croatian independence. She divorced Enoch zu Guttenberg in 1977, and Karl-Theodor grew up with his father. His mother married secondly Adolf Richard Barthold von Ribbentrop, owner of an Eltville art gallery and son of Joachim von Ribbentrop, in 1985, and has two children from her second marriage.[citation needed] Guttenberg has a younger brother, Philipp Franz zu Guttenberg (born 1973), who married a daughter of Godfrey Macdonald, 8th Baron Macdonald.

In February 2000, Guttenberg married Stephanie Gräfin von Bismarck-Schönhausen (born 1976),[206] a great-great-granddaughter of the first Chancellor of Germany Otto von Bismarck. They have two daughters. Guttenberg is Catholic, while his wife is Protestant (Lutheran).[citation needed] In September 2011, it became known that Guttenberg had bought a house for his family in Greenwich, Connecticut, close to New York City.[207]

Awards

edit

Guttenberg was awarded the "Politikaward" in 2009, which is a German "Politician of the Year" award.[208][209] It was awarded by politik & kommunikation, a German periodical for political communications.[210]

In 2010, the German news magazine Focus named him "Man of the Year".[211]

In 2011, the Carneval Association of Aachen awarded him the "Order Against Dead Seriousness" (Orden wider den tierischen Ernst), although he did not attend the ceremony in person, sending instead his younger brother.[212]

References

edit
  1. ^ "Stichtag - 23.02.2011: Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg verliert den Doktortitel". 23 February 2016.
  2. ^ "Warum verschwieg er ihn? Flugticket verrät Guttenbergs wahren Namen". merkur.de. 6 October 2016.
  3. ^ "Dr. Dotcom" (in German). Der Spiegel. 11 April 2015. Retrieved 9 July 2015.
  4. ^ "Lunch with the FT: Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg". Financial Times. 26 February 2016. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
  5. ^ "Köpfe der Wirtschaft: Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg" (in German). WirtschaftsWoche. Archived from the original on 27 August 2011. Retrieved 3 September 2011.
  6. ^ "Guttenberg: Heimlicher Neubeurer" (in German). Oberbayerisches Volksblatt. 10 February 2009. Retrieved 3 September 2011.
  7. ^ "Der Baron übernimmt die Bundeswehr" (in German). Rheinische Post. 23 October 2009. Retrieved 3 September 2011.
  8. ^ a b "Der Herr ist so frei" (in German). Focus Online. 16 February 2009. Retrieved 3 September 2011.
  9. ^ "Die Studierstube ist seine Bühne nicht" (in German). Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. 20 February 2011. Retrieved 12 December 2011.
  10. ^ "Der neue Minister ist Millionär" (in German). Bild. 1 February 2010. Archived from the original on 5 October 2012. Retrieved 3 September 2011.
  11. ^ ""Panorama": Guttenberg übertrieb unternehmerische Erfahrung" (in German). NDR Norddeutscher Rundfunk. 12 February 2009. Retrieved 26 November 2011.
  12. ^ "Schnelle Erholung vom Börseneinbruch: Rhön-Klinikum: Defensiver Wachstumswert". www.handelsblatt.com (in German). Retrieved 31 May 2022.
  13. ^ "Der neue Minister ist Millionär". bild.de (in German). 11 February 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2022.
  14. ^ "Rhön-Klinikum: Guttenberg war kein Sponsor". www.rhoen-klinikum-ag.com (in German). Retrieved 3 June 2022.
  15. ^ "Deutscher Bundestag, Abgeordnete 15. Wahlperiode, veröffentlichungspflichtige Angaben". webarchiv.bundestag.de. Archived from the original on 10 February 2013. Retrieved 8 June 2022.
  16. ^ "Plagiatsaffäre: Doktorvater wendet sich von Guttenberg ab". spiegel.de. Der Spiegel. 28 February 2011. Retrieved 29 March 2015.
  17. ^ "Doktorvater revidiert Urteil über Guttenberg". sueddeutsche.de. Die Süddeutsche Zeitung. 28 February 2011. Retrieved 29 March 2015.
  18. ^ a b "Plagiats-Affäre: Uni Bayreuth entzieht Guttenberg den Doktortitel". spiegel.de. Der Spiegel. 23 February 2011. Retrieved 29 March 2015.
  19. ^ "Universität kassiert Guttenbergs Doktortitel". Die Zeit. Zeit Online. 23 February 2011. Retrieved 29 March 2015.
  20. ^ "Ex-Minister zu Guttenberg hat wieder einen Doktortitel" [Ex-Minister zu Guttenberg has a doctorate again]. Spiegel (in German). 12 August 2020. Retrieved 14 October 2024.
  21. ^ "Ex-Minister zu Guttenberg hat jetzt wieder einen Doktortitel" [Ex-Minister zu Guttenberg now has a doctorate again]. Redaktions Netzwerk Deutschland (in German). 13 August 2020. Retrieved 14 October 2024.
  22. ^ "Guttenberg has a doctorate again". Vaaju. 12 August 2020. Retrieved 14 October 2024.
  23. ^ a b "Guttenberg wird Seehofers Generalsekretär" (in German). Spiegel Online. 30 October 2008. Retrieved 14 November 2017.
  24. ^ "Guttenberg erzielt bundesweit bestes Wahlergebnis" (in German). DerWesten.de. 28 September 2009. Archived from the original on 1 August 2012.
  25. ^ "Stephanie und Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg" (in German). ZDF. 3 October 2009.
  26. ^ "Germans agree to send 6 Tornado jets to Afghanistan". The New York Times. 7 February 2007. Retrieved 9 July 2015.
  27. ^ "CSU-Politiker kritisieren Frankreichs Anti-Türkei-Politik" (in German). Spiegel Online. 13 October 2006. Retrieved 9 July 2015.
  28. ^ "Deutsch-Britische Parlamentariergruppe besucht England" (in German). Deutscher Bundestag. 10 June 2008. Archived from the original on 1 October 2011.
  29. ^ "German defence minister candidate Guttenberg". 25 September 2009. Retrieved 9 July 2015.
  30. ^ Guttenberg, Karl-Theodor zu (3 January 2004). "Privilegierte Partnerschaft". Die Welt (in German). Welt Online. Retrieved 11 November 2011.
  31. ^ "Preserving Europe : Offer Turkey a 'privileged partnership' instead". The New York Times. 15 December 2004. Retrieved 11 November 2011.
  32. ^ "Union bleibt der Türkei gegenüber kritisch". Die Welt (in German). Welt Online. 23 July 2007. Retrieved 11 November 2011.
  33. ^ "Union setzt Türkei weiter unter Druck" (in German). WirtschaftsWoche. 1 September 2005. Retrieved 11 November 2011.
  34. ^ "CSU-Politiker kritisieren Frankreichs Anti-Türkei-Politik" (in German). Spiegel Online. 13 October 2006. Retrieved 11 November 2011.
  35. ^ "Unionspolitiker fürchten den Iran". Die Welt (in German). Welt Online. 10 April 2007. Retrieved 11 November 2011.
  36. ^ "Iran Crisis To Top Agenda of US Trip". Spiegel Online. 8 November 2007. Retrieved 11 November 2011.
  37. ^ "GERMANY: Defence Minister Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg denounces Iran's latest announcement that it will start to enrich fuel". ITN Source. 8 February 2010. Retrieved 11 November 2011.
  38. ^ Jungholt, Thorsten (7 August 2008). "Warum Lafontaines Linkspartei gefährlich ist". Die Welt (in German). Welt Online. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
  39. ^ "Vertreter aus der Politik, dem Mahnmalförderkreis, der jüdischen Gemeinde und der NS-Gedenkstätten: Hintergrund: Das Kuratorium der Mahnmal-Stiftung". www.handelsblatt.com (in German). Retrieved 14 July 2022.
  40. ^ "Bavaria's CSU leader quits after election blow". Reuters. 30 September 2008. Archived from the original on 27 January 2016. Retrieved 12 July 2011.
  41. ^ "Second CSU leader quits, raising risks for Merkel". Reuters. 1 October 2008. Archived from the original on 27 January 2016. Retrieved 12 July 2011.
  42. ^ "Germany's Seehofer, Merkel Ally, Elected Bavarian State Premier". Bloomberg. 27 October 2008. Retrieved 12 July 2011.
  43. ^ "Merkel's Bavarian allies go for a younger look". The New York Times. 30 October 2008. Retrieved 12 July 2011.
  44. ^ "Merkel counts her blessings". The Economist. 4 December 2008. Retrieved 12 July 2011.
  45. ^ a b "CSU-Generalsekretär gibt Zielmarke aus" (in German). Focus Online. 19 November 2008. Retrieved 12 July 2011.
  46. ^ "Guttenberg gelobt neuen Politikstil" (in German). Nordbayerischer Kurier. 25 January 2009. Retrieved 12 July 2011.
  47. ^ Schmid, Thomas (2 November 2008). "Guttenberg rechnet mit Schwarz-Gelb im Bund". Die Welt (in German). Welt Online. Retrieved 12 July 2011.
  48. ^ "German economics minister resigns". The Telegraph. 8 February 2009. Retrieved 13 July 2011.
  49. ^ "Germany gets new economy minister". BBC News. 9 February 2009. Retrieved 12 July 2011.
  50. ^ "Guttenberg Sworn In as Economics Minister". Deutsche Welle. 12 February 2009. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
  51. ^ "FACTBOX - Germany's new Economy Minister Guttenberg". Reuters. 9 February 2009. Archived from the original on 7 November 2016. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
  52. ^ "Troubled Hypo takes more help from German govt". Reuters. 11 February 2009. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
  53. ^ "CSU sperrt sich gegen Enteignung" (in German). stern.de. 15 February 2009. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
  54. ^ "Merkel Backs Hypo Majority Stake Over Nationalization". Bloomberg. 16 February 2009. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
  55. ^ "Germany's Guttenberg Draws Up Bill to Prop Up Insolvent Banks". Bloomberg. 6 August 2009. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
  56. ^ "Germany Prepares New Rescue Methods for Banks". The New York Times. 6 August 2009. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
  57. ^ "SPD legt eigenes Gesetz zur Bankenrettung vor" (in German). Spiegel Online. 26 August 2009. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
  58. ^ "German cabinet backs bank restructuring bill". Reuters. 25 August 2010. Archived from the original on 7 November 2016. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
  59. ^ "Regierung zwingt Banken zur Vorsorge". Die Zeit (in German). Zeit Online. 25 August 2010. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
  60. ^ "Guttenberg verlangt Zukunftskonzept von Opel" (in German). Deutschlandradio. 23 February 2009. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
  61. ^ a b "Arcandor does not meet state aid criteria-EconMin". Forbes. 6 March 2009. Retrieved 20 July 2011.[dead link‍]
  62. ^ a b "As GM Falters, Opel Seeks Government Help". Spiegel Online International. 17 November 2008. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
  63. ^ "Should Germany Help Bail Out GM?". Time. 14 March 2009. Archived from the original on 17 March 2009. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
  64. ^ "German Aid for Opel Awaits Moves by G.M." The New York Times. 21 March 2009. Retrieved 20 April 2011.
  65. ^ "Germany 'open' to Opel rescue funds". Financial Times. 17 March 2009. Retrieved 14 July 2011.
  66. ^ "German EconMin denies Opel has no serious bidders". Reuters. 21 March 2009. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
  67. ^ "Opel-Rettung in der Schwebe – Spitzentreffen offen" (in German). Fokus Money Online. 26 May 2009. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
  68. ^ "Opel talks end with no deal, Germany blames U.S." Reuters. 28 May 2009. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
  69. ^ "'Orderly Insolvency' Best Opel Option, Minister Says". Bloomberg. 25 May 2009. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
  70. ^ "Merkel hails Magna plan to acquire Opel". USA Today. 30 May 2009. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
  71. ^ "Effects of Opel Deal Ripple Across Europe". The New York Times. 31 May 2009. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
  72. ^ "Tensions rise in Merkel's coalition over Opel rescue". Reuters. 31 May 2009. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
  73. ^ "Opel chief leaves following failed deal". Reuters. 6 November 2009. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
  74. ^ "GM pays back Germany, signals fewer job cuts". Reuters. 24 November 2009. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
  75. ^ "Beliebteste Politiker: Guttenberg zieht an Merkel vorbei" (in German). Frankfurter Rundschau. 24 July 2009. Retrieved 18 February 2011.
  76. ^ "Germany's Merkel Reelected, Will Form New Coalition". The Washington Post. 28 September 2009. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
  77. ^ "Kreise-Merkel stellt Guttenberg Innen oder Verteidigung zur Wahl" (in German). Reuters Deutschland. 23 October 2009. Archived from the original on 3 October 2011. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
  78. ^ Ka-News (24 October 2009). "Umfrage: Welches Ministerium für zu Guttenberg?". Ka-news.de. Retrieved 18 February 2011.
  79. ^ "Guttenberg to Move From Economy to Defense Minister, DPA Says". Bloomberg. 23 October 2009. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
  80. ^ "Merkel Picks Team to Govern in Germany". The New York Times. 24 October 2009. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
  81. ^ "Gerade im Amt, schon beim Zapfenstreich" (in German). Aachener Zeitung. 30 October 2009. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
  82. ^ a b "Rising Star Guttenberg Embraces Difficult Defense Job". Spiegel Online International. 13 November 2009. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
  83. ^ "Guttenberg: "Militärisch angemessen"" (in German). Frankfurter Allgemeine. 6 November 2009. Archived from the original on 1 August 2012. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
  84. ^ "Guttenberg: "Militärisch nicht angemessen"" (in German). Frankfurter Allgemeine. 3 December 2009. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
  85. ^ "German General Quits Over Airstrike". The New York Times. 26 November 2009. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
  86. ^ "German Minister Jung Quits on Afghan Air Strike". Bloomberg. 27 November 2009. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
  87. ^ "German parliament backs extension of Afghan mission". Reuters. 3 December 2009. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
  88. ^ a b "Pressure Builds on Merkel and Defense Minister Over NATO Bombing". The New York Times. 15 December 2009. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
  89. ^ "Koalition entlastet Guttenberg" (in German). Spiegel Online. 2 July 2011. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
  90. ^ "Urteil zur Kundus-Affäre: Guttenberg unschuldig" (in German). Focus Online. 2 July 2011. Archived from the original on 25 October 2016. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
  91. ^ "Persilschein für Guttenberg" (in German). Süddeutsche Zeitung. 2 July 2011. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
  92. ^ "German opposition condemns Kunduz airstrike as mistake". Deutsche Welle. 11 August 2011. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
  93. ^ "Politisch nicht angemessen" (in German). stern.de. 11 August 2011. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
  94. ^ "Guttenberg: Afghanistan-Einsatz ist für Soldaten Krieg" (in German). N24. 3 November 2009. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
  95. ^ "Guttenberg spricht von Krieg in Afghanistan" (in German). Reuters Deutschland. 3 November 2009. Archived from the original on 3 October 2011. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
  96. ^ It's war, says Guttenberg Archived 1 March 2011 at the Wayback Machine, The Local, 4 April 2010
  97. ^ "German Minister Resigns Over Afghan Airstrike". The New York Times. 27 November 2009. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
  98. ^ "What is this thing called war?". The Economist. 22 April 2010. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
  99. ^ "Germany Comes to Terms With Its New War". TIME World. 9 April 2010. Archived from the original on 12 April 2010. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
  100. ^ "Merkel mourns German troops killed in Afghanistan". euronews. 24 April 2010. Archived from the original on 28 April 2010. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
  101. ^ "Report: Politiker verneigen sich vor toten Soldaten" (in German). Focus Online. 24 April 2010. Archived from the original on 15 October 2012. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
  102. ^ "Guttenberg führt Kämpfer-Orden ein" (in German). Der Spiegel. 13 November 2010. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
  103. ^ Friederichs, Dr Hauke (30 November 2010). "Tapferkeit im Gefecht wird zur soldatischen Tugend". Die Zeit (in German). Zeit Online. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
  104. ^ "Bundeswehr Soldiers Receive Combat Medal". LIFE. 29 November 2010. Retrieved 10 August 2011.[permanent dead link‍]
  105. ^ "No concrete withdrawal date from Afghanistan". Khaleej Times Online. 10 February 2010. Archived from the original on 2 October 2012. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
  106. ^ "Germany Plans Start of Troop Withdrawal". The New York Times. 28 January 2011. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
  107. ^ "Guttenberg will NATO-Reform" (in German). n-tv. 7 February 2010. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
  108. ^ "Iran left out in the cold". Asia Times. 4 December 2009. Archived from the original on 5 December 2009. Retrieved 10 August 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  109. ^ "Tough summer ahead in Afghanistan, minister warns". The Local. 5 July 2010. Archived from the original on 9 August 2010. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
  110. ^ "Germany's Guttenberg Visits Afghanistan, Meets Troops, Karzai". Bloomberg. 12 November 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
  111. ^ "Germany's Guttenberg Visits Afghanistan Amid Airstrike Fallout". Bloomberg. 11 December 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
  112. ^ "Guttenberg in der Gefechtszone" (in German). Spiegel Online. 29 August 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
  113. ^ Jungholt, Thorsten (4 November 2010). "Guttenberg trifft seine Soldaten an der Front". Die Welt (in German). Welt Online. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
  114. ^ Guttenberg besucht Kampfgebiet (Television production) (in German). n-tv. 30 August 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
  115. ^ "German minister takes wife to Afghanistan". euronews. 13 December 2010. Archived from the original on 16 February 2011. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
  116. ^ "Ehepaar Guttenberg zu Blitzbesuch in Kunduz eingetroffen" (in German). Spiegel Online. 13 December 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
  117. ^ Pifan, Thorsten (17 December 2010). "Kerner, Guttenberg und Advent im Kriegsgebiet". Die Welt (in German). Welt Online. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
  118. ^ "Die Guttenbergs auf dem Boulevard" (in German). stern.de. 14 December 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
  119. ^ Hugendick, David (17 December 2010). "Kerner erzählt vom Krieg". Die Zeit (in German). Zeit Online. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
  120. ^ "Kritik an Guttenbergs Afghanistan-Reise" (in German). Südwest Presse. 14 December 2010. Archived from the original on 16 September 2011. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
  121. ^ "Opposition wettert gegen Guttenbergs "PR-Reise"" (in German). Spiegel Online. 13 December 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
  122. ^ "Die Soldaten fanden den Besuch positiv" (in German). domradio.de. 14 December 2010. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
  123. ^ "Billig-Training vor dem tödlichen Einsatz" (in German). Spiegel Online. 6 April 2010. Retrieved 18 August 2011.
  124. ^ "Mangel und Missstand an allen Fronten" (in German). stern.de. 16 March 2010. Retrieved 18 August 2011.
  125. ^ "Guttenbergs Opferbereitschaft" (in German). Frankfurter Allgemeine. 2 June 2010. Archived from the original on 1 August 2012. Retrieved 18 August 2011.
  126. ^ "German military could send more troops abroad". The Seattle Times. 12 April 2010. Retrieved 18 August 2011.
  127. ^ "German defense minister could abolish conscription in budget drive". Deutsche Welle. 3 June 2010. Retrieved 18 August 2011.
  128. ^ "Germany Plans Major Restructuring of Military". The New York Times. 23 August 2010. Retrieved 18 August 2011.
  129. ^ "Will the German Army Drop the Draft?". Time. 25 August 2010. Archived from the original on 27 August 2010. Retrieved 18 August 2011.
  130. ^ "Was passiert, wenn die Wehrpflicht endet" (in German). stern.de. 10 December 2010. Retrieved 5 April 2014.
  131. ^ "Restructuring Recommendations". Aviation Week. 27 October 2010. Archived from the original on 22 July 2012. Retrieved 18 August 2011.
  132. ^ "Committee established to tailor Bundeswehr structure to future requirements". Defence Professionals. 14 April 2010. Retrieved 18 August 2011.
  133. ^ "Conscription Debate Divides German Conservatives". Spiegel Online International. 29 July 2010. Retrieved 18 August 2011.
  134. ^ "CSU stimmt für Aussetzung der Wehrpflicht" (in German). Spiegel Online. 29 October 2010. Retrieved 18 August 2011.
  135. ^ "CDU stimmt für Aussetzung der Wehrpflicht" (in German). Focus Online. 15 November 2010. Archived from the original on 15 October 2012. Retrieved 18 August 2011.
  136. ^ "A 'Teflon' Chancellor and 'Wildcard' Foreign Minister: How America Views the Germans". Der Spiegel. 30 November 2010. ISSN 2195-1349. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
  137. ^ Roland Preuß (16 February 2011). "Summa cum laude? – "Mehr als schmeichelhaft"". sueddeutsche.de. Retrieved 22 February 2011.
  138. ^ Roland Preuß and Tanjev Schultz (16 February 2011). "Plagiatsvorwurf gegen Verteidigungsminister: zu Guttenberg soll bei Doktorarbeit abgeschrieben haben". sueddeutsche.de. Retrieved 21 February 2011.
  139. ^ "Fußnoten-Streit: Dr. Guttenberg nennt Plagiatsvorwürfe abstrus". Spiegel Online. 16 February 2011. Retrieved 21 February 2011.
  140. ^ "German minister denies plagiarism on PhD thesis". BBC News. 17 February 2011. Retrieved 21 November 2016.
  141. ^ Helen Pidd (1 March 2011). "German defence minister resigns in PhD plagiarism row". The Guardian. Retrieved 21 November 2016.
  142. ^ "Plagiarism Accusations Widen: Guttenberg Copied Work of German Parliament's Research Department". Spiegel Online. 19 February 2011. Retrieved 21 November 2016.
  143. ^ Erik Kirschbaum (23 February 2011). "German minister admits mistakes in plagiarism row". Reuters. Archived from the original on 22 November 2016. Retrieved 21 November 2016.
  144. ^ "Uni Bayreuth entzieht Guttenberg den Doktortitel". Spiegel Online. 23 February 2011. Retrieved 1 February 2012.
  145. ^ "German defense minister loses doctorate amid plagiarism scandal". Deutsche Welle. 23 February 2011. Retrieved 21 November 2016.
  146. ^ Rudolf Neumaier (26 February 2011). "Plagiatsaffäre um Guttenberg "Einem Betrüger aufgesessen"". sueddeutsche.de. Retrieved 1 March 2011.
  147. ^ "Plagiatsaffäre: Juristen unterstellen Guttenberg Vorsatz". Handelsblatt. 26 February 2011. Retrieved 21 November 2016.
  148. ^ "Plagiarism Affair: Defense Minister Guttenberg Resigns". Spiegel Online. 1 March 2011. Retrieved 21 November 2016.
  149. ^ Erik Kirschbaum (1 March 2011). "German defense minister quits in plagiarism row". Reuters. Retrieved 21 November 2016.
  150. ^ "Abschlussbericht in Bayreuth: Guttenberg gibt Familie Mitschuld an Doktorschmu". Spiegel Online. 11 May 2011. Retrieved 21 November 2016.
  151. ^ "University says ex-defense minister 'deliberately cheated' on thesis". Deutsche Welle. 6 May 2011. Retrieved 21 November 2016.
  152. ^ "Uni Bayreuth weist Guttenbergs Beteuerungen zurück". Die Welt. 11 May 2011. Retrieved 21 November 2016.
  153. ^ "Uni Bayreuth: Guttenberg hat vorsätzlich getäuscht". Badische Zeitung. 12 May 2011. Retrieved 21 November 2016.
  154. ^ "Guttenberg kauft sich für 20'000 Euro frei". Tages-Anzeiger (in German). Retrieved 18 May 2020.
  155. ^ "Guttenberg kommt glimpflich davon". Süddeutsche Zeitung. 23 November 2011. Retrieved 24 November 2016.
  156. ^ Geir Moulson (23 November 2011). "Prosecutors drop case against German ex-minister". Yahoo! News. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 25 November 2016. Retrieved 24 November 2016.
  157. ^ Knight, Ben (25 May 2021). "German politicians are dogged by claims of Ph.D. plagiarism". Deutsche Welle. Retrieved 15 October 2024.
  158. ^ Weber-Wulff, Debora (25 July 2012). "Viewpoint: The spectre of plagiarism haunting Europe". BBC. Retrieved 15 October 2024.
  159. ^ Karnitschnig, Matthew (2 July 2019). "The inconvenient truth about Ursula von der Leyen". Politico. Retrieved 15 October 2024.
  160. ^ "Ovation for Merkel ally Guttenberg on his political come-back". Reuters. 30 August 2017. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
  161. ^ "Trotz Wahlkampf für Merkel: Guttenberg schließt ein politisches Comeback aus". DIE WELT (in German). Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  162. ^ "Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg: In der Politik »nix mehr zu suchen«". Der Spiegel (in German). 2 November 2022. ISSN 2195-1349. Retrieved 29 November 2024.
  163. ^ "Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg erklärt Rückzug aus Politik in NDR-Podcast". www.rnd.de (in German). 15 April 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  164. ^ "Guttenberg schließt sich US-Thinktank an". Die Zeit (in German). Zeit Online. 29 September 2011. Retrieved 29 September 2011.
  165. ^ "Guttenberg attacks former colleagues". The Local. 20 November 2011. Archived from the original on 21 November 2011. Retrieved 22 November 2011.
  166. ^ "Guttenbergs großer Pessimismus in der Euro-Krise" (in German). Welt Online. 20 November 2011. Archived from the original on 23 January 2012. Retrieved 22 November 2011.
  167. ^ "Guttenberg prangert Führungskrise an" (in German). Hamburger Abendblatt. 21 November 2011. Retrieved 22 November 2011.
  168. ^ "Fallen German conservative star ready for comeback". Reuters. 24 November 2011. Retrieved 12 January 2012.
  169. ^ "Ich bin kein Blender und Betrüger" (in German). Sueddeutsche Zeitung Online. 29 November 2011. Archived from the original on 1 December 2011. Retrieved 6 December 2011.
  170. ^ "Nicht nötig, uns eine mitzugeben" (in German). SPIEGEL Online. 3 December 2011. Retrieved 6 December 2011.
  171. ^ "Barrick Gold Corporation Annual Report 2013" (PDF). www.annualreports.com. Retrieved 23 April 2024.
  172. ^ "Putins Stragie durchkreuzen" (in German). Capital. 11 March 2014. Retrieved 21 May 2014.
  173. ^ "KT und seine Firmen: Der Spitzberg und die "Blaue Lagune" - Nordbayerischer Kurier". www.kurier.de (in German). Retrieved 23 April 2024.
  174. ^ "Außenhandel: Neue Beratungspartnerschaft unterstützt europäische und kanadische Unternehmen beim Ausbau ihrer Wirtschaftsbeziehungen" (in German). Spitzberg Partners. 24 September 2014. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  175. ^ "Ex-Minister soll das EU-Handelsabkommen CETA retten" (in German). WirtschaftsWoche. 15 May 2015. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  176. ^ "Kissinger on Russia's global integration". CNN. 11 May 2014. Archived from the original on 23 May 2014. Retrieved 12 February 2015.
  177. ^ "The Return of Europe's Sleepwalkers". The Wall Street Journal. 3 September 2014. Retrieved 12 February 2015.
  178. ^ "Ex-Verteidigungsminister: Guttenberg wird Startup-Berater". Die Zeit (in German). 12 July 2014. ISSN 0044-2070. Retrieved 3 May 2024.
  179. ^ "Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg ist zurück - im Kompetenzteam von Seehofer". DIE WELT (in German). 2 October 2015. Retrieved 24 May 2024.
  180. ^ "Guttenberg berät die Lufthansa nun bei Innovations-Fragen". Business Insider (in German). 3 August 2015. Retrieved 29 May 2024.
  181. ^ "Ex-Verteidigungsminister Guttenberg hat jetzt einen neuen Job". www.focus.de. 11 December 2015. Retrieved 29 May 2024.
  182. ^ "Edelman Taps Distinguished Global Leaders for New Advisory Board". www.edelman.com. 2 May 2018. Retrieved 14 June 2024.
  183. ^ "Deborah Elam becomes DJE Holdings' first Black board member". www.prweek.com. Retrieved 14 June 2024.
  184. ^ "ISD Board". ISD. Retrieved 14 June 2024.
  185. ^ "Our Team - RDI". Renew Democracy Initiative. Archived from the original on 13 December 2024. Retrieved 13 December 2024.
  186. ^ "Ex-Bundesverteidigungsminister: Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg wird RTL-Moderator". stuttgarter-zeitung.de (in German). Retrieved 4 July 2024.
  187. ^ "KT Guttenberg - Auf den Spuren der Macht Der Fall Putin". plus.rtl.de. Retrieved 4 July 2024.
  188. ^ "ntv zeigt Doku und Talk mit Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg". DWDL.de. Retrieved 4 July 2024.
  189. ^ ""KT-Guttenberg - Auf den Spuren der Macht: Der Fall Putin"". stern TV (in German). 29 November 2022. Retrieved 4 July 2024.
  190. ^ "Die Macht der Kirche in Deutschland". n-tv.de (in German). Retrieved 17 July 2024.
  191. ^ "Gottschalk & zu Guttenberg moderieren RTL-Jahresrückblick". DWDL.de. Retrieved 15 August 2024.
  192. ^ "Thomas Gottschalk und Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg lassen das Jahr 2022 bei RTL Revue passieren". rtl.de (in German). 23 September 2022. Retrieved 15 August 2024.
  193. ^ "Mein Kumpel ist völlig abgestürzt – doch ein Satz seiner Tochter rettete ihn". www.focus.de. 2 April 2024. Retrieved 4 October 2024.
  194. ^ Genealogisches Handbuch des in Bayern immatrikulierten Adels, Vol. XXV, 2004, p. 422. Further information about zu Guttenberg's family is also based on this source.
  195. ^ Article 109 of the Weimar Constitution
  196. ^ a b Wildhagen, Christian (27 April 2010). "Plötzlich kennt man ihn als Vater". Faz.net (in German). Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. Archived from the original on 28 June 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013.
  197. ^ "Die Musterfamilie" (in German). Der Tagesspiegel. 21 November 2010. Retrieved 6 June 2013.
  198. ^ Jessen, Jens (26 July 2009). "Adel macht Eindruck". Die Zeit (in German). Retrieved 6 June 2013.
  199. ^ "Der Widerstand gegen den Nationalsozialismus und die Wurzeln christlich-demokratischer Politik" (PDF) (in German). 24 May 2005. Retrieved 6 June 2013.
  200. ^ Frischemeyer, Britta; Topar, Julia (9 February 2009). "Der adelige Senkrechtstarter". Bild. Archived from the original on 21 May 2010. Retrieved 18 August 2011.
  201. ^ "Enoch zu Guttenberg (Conductor)". Bach Cantatas Website. July 2001. Retrieved 10 November 2011.
  202. ^ a b c "Enoch zu Guttenberg" (in German). Westdeutsche Konzertdirektion Köln. Archived from the original on 2 April 2012. Retrieved 14 September 2011.
  203. ^ "Anerkennung in der Höhle des Löwen" (in German). Nordbayerischer Kurier. 24 June 2008. Retrieved 14 September 2011.
  204. ^ "Vater Guttenberg erhofft sich vom Sohn Umweltschutzinitiativen" (in German). Nordbayerischer Kurier. 19 March 2009. Retrieved 14 September 2011.
  205. ^ His mother's full name in German is Maria de Mercedes Christiane Josefine Thekla Walpurga Barbara Gräfin und Edle Herrin von und zu Eltz genannt Faust von Stromberg
  206. ^ "Should Germany Help Bail Out GM?". Time. 14 March 2009. Archived from the original on 17 March 2009. Retrieved 7 May 2010.
  207. ^ "Guttenberg kauft Millionenanwesen nahe New York" (in German). Spiegel Online. 10 September 2011. Retrieved 20 September 2011.
  208. ^ "Zu Guttenberg ist "Politiker des Jahres"" (in German). RP Online. 25 November 2009. Retrieved 28 September 2011.
  209. ^ "Guttenberg – eine Erscheinung von internationalem Format" (in German). Handelsblatt. 25 December 2010. Retrieved 8 December 2011.
  210. ^ "Veranstalterhinweis Politikaward" (in German). politik & kommunikation. 29 November 2011. Retrieved 8 December 2011.
  211. ^ "Der Überflieger" (in German). Focus Online. 13 December 2010. Retrieved 28 September 2011.
  212. ^ "Guttenberg gets carnival medal for 'courage of his contradictions'". The Local. 20 February 2011. Archived from the original on 25 February 2011. Retrieved 1 March 2011.

Selected publications

edit

Books

edit
  • zu Guttenberg, Karl-Theodor; di Lorenzo, Giovanni (2011). Vorerst gescheitert - Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg im Gespräch mit Giovanni di Lorenzo [Failed for Now - Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg in Conversation with Giovanni di Lorenzo] (in German). Freiburg im Breisgau: Verlag Herder. ISBN 978-3-451-30584-9.
  • zu Guttenberg, Karl-Theodor (2010). Die Idee vom Staatsbürger in Uniform. Lehren aus dem 20. Juli 1944 [The Idea of the Citizen in Uniform: Lessons from July 20th 1944] (in German). Sankt Augustin: Konrad Adenauer Foundation. ISBN 978-3-941904-75-0.
  • zu Guttenberg, Karl-Theodor (2009). Verantwortung in der sozialen Marktwirtschaft [Responsibility in the Social Market Economy] (in German). Stuttgart: Robert Bosch Stiftung. ISBN 978-3-939574-18-7.
  • Altomonote, Carlo; Defraigne, Pierre; Delattre, Lucas; zu Guttenberg, Karl-Theodor; Goulard, Sylvie; Scharping, Rudolf (2006). Le Partenariat Privilégié, Alternative à l'Adhésion [The Privileged Partnership, an Alternative to Membership]. Note bleue de la Fondation Schuman (in French). Paris, Brussels: Fondation Robert Schuman. ISSN 1761-2233.
  • zu Guttenberg, Karl-Theodor (2004). Die Beziehungen zwischen der Türkei und der EU – eine "Privilegierte Partnerschaft [The Relationship between Turkey and the EU - A "Privileged Partnership"] (in German). München: Akademie für Politik und Zeitgeschehen, Hanns-Seidel-Foundation. ISBN 3-88795-274-X.

Articles

edit
edit
 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Karl-Theodor Freiherr von und zu Guttenberg.
Political offices
Preceded by Federal Minister of Economics and Technology
2009 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Defence Minister of Germany
2009–2011 		Succeeded by
Party political offices
Preceded by General Secretary of the Christian Social Union in Bavaria
2008-2009 		Succeeded by
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Karl-Theodor_zu_Guttenberg&oldid=1262882372"
  NODES
Association 2
Idea 1
idea 1
innovation 2
INTERN 16
Note 6
Project 4