Lester Shum Ngo-fai (Chinese: 岑敖暉; born 11 June 1993) is a Hong Kong social activist and politician. He was a leader of the 2014 pro-democracy protests in Hong Kong and served as deputy secretary-general of the Hong Kong Federation of Students (HKFS) from April 2014 to March 2015. He was a member of the Tsuen Wan District Council for Hoi Bun from 2020 to 2021.[1]
Lester Shum | |
|---|---|
岑敖暉 | |
 Lester Shum in 2020 | |
| Member of the Tsuen Wan District Council | |
| In office 1 January 2020 – 21 May 2021 | |
| Preceded by | Timmy Chow Ping-tim |
| Succeeded by | Vacant |
| Constituency | Hoi Bun |
| 57th Deputy Secretary General of Hong Kong Federation of Students | |
| In office 1 April 2014 – 31 March 2015 | |
| Secretary General | Alex Chow |
| Preceded by | Willis Ho Johnson Yeung |
| Succeeded by | Wong Ka-fai |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 11 June 1993 New York City, U.S. |
| Citizenship | Hong Kong |
| Political party | Team Chu Hoi-dick of New Territories West |
| Spouse |
Nicole Alexis Yu (m. 2021) |
| Education | Chinese University of Hong Kong |
| Lester Shum | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | 岑敖暉 | ||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 岑敖晖 | ||||||||||
| |||||||||||
Early life
editShum was born in New York, United States. He came to Hong Kong as a toddler during the mid-1990s.[2] He identified as a Hongkonger, expressing his emotional attachment to the city.[3] Shum completed his secondary education at Sheng Kung Hui Tsang Shiu Tim Secondary School before enrolling in The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK). He initially majored in Information engineering, but later switched to studying Government and Public Administration.[4]
Shum grew up in a middle-class household.[5] According to Shum, his political awakening came from the popular internet forum Hong Kong Golden Forum.[6]
Umbrella Movement
editShum was elected vice president of the Student Union at CUHK and held the position from 2013 to 2014.[7] He then served as deputy secretary-general of the Hong Kong Federation of Students (HKFS), from April 2014 to March 2015.[6][8] In his role, Shum and student leader Alex Chow galvanized the 2014 class boycott campaign against the decision of the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), which set the framework of the restrictive electoral method in the 2017 Chief Executive election.[9][10]
In September 2014, the student movement led to the massive Occupy protests, where Shum was joined by thousands of pro-democracy activists to oppose Beijing's tightening control over Hong Kong.[11] Over the next few weeks, he continued participating in a series of highly publicized sit-in demonstrations, which had been described as the Umbrella Movement.[12][13] Shum explained, "We believe that the occupation is our biggest bargaining chip, and for now it is able to apply the most pressure against the government."[14]
Shum was critical of how the government had handled the protests.[15] After the Hong Kong Police Force fired 87 rounds of tear gas at protesters, Shum called for Leung Chun-ying to step down as Chief Executive of Hong Kong.[16][17] On 21 October, Shum was part of a five-member HKFS delegation, which included Chow and Nathan Law, to hold discussions with government officials, conducted by Chief Secretary for Administration Carrie Lam. The meeting failed to bridge the differences between the students and the government.[18]
On 26 November, Shum and fellow activist Joshua Wong were arrested during a protest in Mong Kok.[19] The arrest came after police sought a court order to clear the protest site, in which Shum failed to comply.[20][21] Shum was charged with criminal contempt of court over his participation in the Mong Kok protest, which he pleaded guilty on 28 November 2017.[22][23] In his verdict, he received a one-month suspended sentence and a fine.[24]
As the Umbrella Movement dwindled in the following months, Shum said he would focus on strengthening his understanding of Hong Kong–mainland China relations.[25] He reflected, "We will continue to work hard to expand Hong Kong's democracy movement."[26][27]
Post-Occupy activism
editShum continued his pro-democracy activism after the Umbrella Movement. On 25 February 2015, he spoke at the Geneva Summit for Human Rights and Democracy with Alex Chow to an international audience of human rights activists.[28][29] During his speech, Shum maintained his optimism about achieving change in Hong Kong through continuous attention and action.[30]
After the 2016 Hong Kong legislative election, Shum found employment as an assistant to localist camp lawmaker Eddie Chu.[31] In April 2019, he filed a judicial review against, and sought an injunction to block, the government's planned transferral of a prime Central Harbourfront site to the unfettered control of the Chinese army.[32] The action followed long-running public concern at the proposed transfer, and Shum stated the government's undertakings contradicted the public access and usage of the harbourfront.[33]
On 4 September 2019, Shum joined Chu and Joshua Wong as the trio arrived at Taipei, where they spoke about the ongoing Hong Kong protests at the Democratic Progressive Party’s headquarters.[34] Shum told the Taiwanese press, "I hope people can brainstorm together on how to win this war against Beijing's white terror and authoritarian rule."[35] The trio also appealed to the Taiwanese government to grant political asylum for the Hong Kong protesters.[36]
After the anti-mask law was introduced on 4 October, Shum and activist Leung Kwok-hung applied to the High Court for an interim injunction to halt the law on the same day.[37] Shum explained the law could interfere with the freedom of expression and the right to peaceful assembly.[38] The injunction was denied.[39]
Political career
editDistrict Council bid
editShum contested in the 2019 Hong Kong District Council election for the Hoi Bun constituency. Part of his electoral platform was to improve the recycling initiatives within his local community.[40] On 28 November 2019, Shum received 56.5% of the votes and won against incumbent Timmy Chow Ping-tim, who held this seat for nearly 30 years since 1991.[1][41] His victory came amid a pro-democracy wave that prompted a record voter turnout of 79.5% in Hoi Bun, significantly higher than any previous elections.[42]
Legislative Council bid and disqualification
editIn June 2020, Shum declared his intention to run for the 2020 Hong Kong legislative election. In his announcement, he planned to renounce his American citizenship, which was a requirement to run in the election.[2][43] Speaking about his decision, Shum expressed his willingness to stay in Hong Kong and continue his journey with other protesters.[44][45]
Leading to the pro-democracy primaries, Shum had joined a six-person alliance with candidates Eddie Chu, Joshua Wong, Gwyneth Ho, Sunny Cheung and Tiffany Yuen.[46] In July 2020, he ran in the primary for the District Council (Second) constituency, emerging as the runner-up behind Roy Kwong. He received 129,074 votes, which represented 24.35% of the electorate, and secured a nomination spot in the general election.[47] The primary witnessed high voter turnout even after the national security law was enforced, prompting Shum to remark that "Hong Kong people have still not given up."[48]
On 30 July, the government stated that Shum was among a dozen pro-democracy candidates whose nominations were 'invalid'.[49] Shum's disqualification was determined by an opaque process in which civil servants, who served as returning officers, assessed whether candidates objected to the enactment of the national security law, or expressed sincerity in statements made disavowing separatism.[50][51]
Arrest
editIncluding Shum, at least 53 pro-democracy activists were arrested in the morning of 6 January 2021 over their organisation and participation in the primaries.[52] Shum was released on bail on 7 January.[53]
On 28 February 2021, Shum was charged with subversion along with other 46 activists and politicians.[54] On 4 March, he was denied bail and held in custody pending a May court hearing.[55] On 12 March, Shum was denied bail again citing national security risks.[56]
In July 2022, Shum contracted COVID-19 while in prison and was hospitalized for a week before being returned to prison.[57]
Conviction pre-trial
editOn 6 May 2021, while awaiting trial along with other pro-democracy activists over the national security case, Shum was sentenced to between four and six months in prison for participating in an unlawful assembly in 2020.[58]
On 14 April 2022, a sentence of six weeks' imprisonment was added to his overall prison term after being convicted of "inciting violence on police officers".[59]
National Security Law case
editIn August 2022, Shum pleaded guilty to the charges of violating the national security law and awaits sentencing as of 13 September 2022, along with other 29 activists who also pleaded guilty.[60]
Personal life
editShum is married to Nicole Alexis Yu Sze-long, a former Now TV news anchor. The couple wed in January 2021, as Shum faced re-arrest and conviction under the National Security Law, alert to the greater prison visiting rights of spouses.[61][62]
From 2014 to 2019, Shum was in a relationship with Willis Ho, former deputy secretary-general of the Hong Kong Federation of Students.[63][64][65]
References
edit- ^ a b "2019 District Councils Election – Election Results (Tsuen Wan)". Government of Hong Kong. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ a b Law, Violet. "Hong Kong: For those who stay, the fight is on as threats lurk". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ "Student protest leaders Chow and Shum get back to their studies". South China Morning Post. 27 December 2014. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ Sataline, Suzanne (10 December 2014). "'We Cannot Let This Movement End Here'". Foreign Policy. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ 【壹週刊】文青遇上高登仔 周永康、岑敖暉 (When Hipster meets "Golden son" – Lester Shum and Alex Chow). Apple Daily, 2014, 9(21)：
- ^ a b Tsoi, Grace; Allen-Ebrahimian, Bethany (30 September 2014). "The People Behind Hong Kong's Protests". Foreign Policy. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ "Hong Kong activists fear they are being monitored by Beijing". The Guardian. 14 December 2014. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ Hilgers, Lauren (18 February 2015). "Hong Kong's Umbrella Revolution Isn't Over Yet". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ Coonan, Clifford. "Hong Kong students take to streets for democracy protest". The Irish Times. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ MacLeod, Calum. "Hong Kong students skip classes to demand democratic elections". USA Today. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ "Arrests as Hong Kong Police Clear Protesters From Buildings; Protests Remain in Square". Newsweek. 27 September 2014. Retrieved 20 July 2020.
- ^ "Occupy Central: An Explainer". Time. 5 October 2014. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ Crookes, Del (29 September 2014). "Hong Kong umbrella protests – what's going on?". BBC Newsbeat. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ "'Crackdown or climbdown': Hong Kong protesters face stark choices". CNBC. 8 October 2014. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ "The Umbrella Revolution Is Televised". Time. 21 October 2014. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ "HK protesters threaten to occupy buildings". SBS News. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ "Hong Kong protesters threaten to occupy buildings". The Economic Times. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ "Talks fail to narrow gap between student leaders and Hong Kong government". South China Morning Post. 21 October 2014. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ "Hong Kong student leaders arrested as police attempt to clear protest zone". The Guardian. 26 November 2014. Retrieved 26 November 2014.
- ^ "Hong Kong protest leaders arrested as police clear area". ITV News. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ "Hong Kong police arrest protesters, 7 officers". The Seattle Times. 27 November 2014. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ "Activist Lester Shum 'prepared for prison', as jailed Joshua Wong returns to court over Occupy protest charges". Hong Kong Free Press. 22 August 2017. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ "Mong Kok Umbrella Movement: 4 democracy activists handed suspended sentences over Occupy clearance". Hong Kong Free Press. 28 November 2017. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
- ^ "CBC News". Joshua Wong, Hong Kong activist in Umbrella Movement protests, imprisoned 3 months. 17 January 2018.
- ^ "Student protest leaders Chow and Shum get back to their studies". South China Morning Post. 27 December 2014. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
- ^ Tiezzi, Shannon. "Hong Kong's 'Occupy Central' Draws to a Close". thediplomat.com. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ "One Year On, Hong Kong Remembers The Umbrella Movement". Radio Free Asia. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ "Geneva Summit for Human Rights and Democracy – IIMA – Human Rights Office". Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ "Geneva rights summit draws world attention, spotlights Boko Haram, ISIS, China, Cuba, France, Iran, North Korea, Pakistan, Russia, Tibet, Turkey, Venezuela". UN Watch. 24 February 2015. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ "Keep up pressure for democracy in Hong Kong, student leaders tell world summit". South China Morning Post. 25 February 2015. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ "New wave of leaders step into breach for jailed Hong Kong democracy activists". AsiaOne. 8 September 2017. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ Activist Lester Shum files legal challenge against gov’t plan for Chinese army dock on Hong Kong harbour, Hong Kong Free Press, 10 April 2019
- ^ "Second court challenge against Hong Kong harbourfront military dock". South China Morning Post. 10 April 2019. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ "HK activists call for Taiwanese to rally – Taipei Times". Taipei Times. 4 September 2019. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ "Activists urge Taiwan to join fight for Hong Kong democracy". Reuters. 3 September 2019. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ Chan, K. G. (5 September 2019). "HK activists fly to Taiwan to drum up support". Asia Times. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ "Lester Shum seeks court's help against new law – RTHK". RTHK. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ Pao, Jeff (7 October 2019). "Two appear in HK court for breaking anti-mask law". Asia Times. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ Lung, Natalie; Marlow, Iain; Mc Nicholas, Aaron (4 October 2019). "Person Shot as Train Services Remain Suspended: Hong Kong Update". Bloomberg L.P. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ "Former student activists standing in the District Council elections". Varsity. 23 November 2019. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ "Hong Kong district council winners speak of motivations and next steps". South China Morning Post. 7 December 2019. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ "Hong Kong elections: middle-class voters desperate to make voice heard as prosperous areas see record turnouts of more than 80 per cent". MSN. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ "岑敖暉棄美籍 爭超區出線". Apple Daily (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 13 July 2020. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ "放棄美國護照 不是值得與否的問題 | 岑敖暉". Stand News (in Chinese). Hong Kong. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ "【立會選戰】岑敖暉報名戰超區 正辦理棄美國籍手續 | 獨媒報導". 香港獨立媒體網. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ "【民主派初選】初步結果公布 黃碧雲低票料出局 多區本土派勢入圍". Stand News. 13 July 2020. Retrieved 13 July 2020.
- ^ "Hong Kong democrat primaries in full: Young 'localist resistance camp' come out on top". Hong Kong Free Press. 16 July 2020. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ Ramzy, Austin; Yu, Elaine; May, Tiffany (13 July 2020). "Hong Kong Voters Defy Beijing, Endorsing Protest Leaders in Primary". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ "Twelve pro-democracy figures barred from Legco poll". RTHK. 30 July 2020.
- ^ Ho, Kelly; Grundy, Tom; Creery, Jennifer (30 July 2020). "Hong Kong bans Joshua Wong and 11 other pro-democracy figures from legislative election". Hong Kong Free Press. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
- ^ Tan, Huileng; Ng, Abigail (31 July 2020). "Critics slam Hong Kong's move to disqualify pro-democracy candidates from September election". CNBC. Retrieved 31 July 2020.
- ^ "Over 50 Hong Kong democrats arrested under security law over 2020 legislative primaries". Hong Kong Free Press. 6 January 2021.
- ^ Chau, Candice (8 January 2021). "'Hong Kong has entered a bitter winter,' says primaries organiser as 52 democrats in mass arrest bailed out". Hong Kong Free Press. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
- ^ "Hong Kong: 47 dissidents charged with 'subversion'". Deutsche Welle. 28 February 2021. Retrieved 6 March 2021.
- ^ "Hong Kong court denies bail to 32 pro-democracy activists". Al Jazeera. 4 March 2021. Retrieved 6 March 2021.
- ^ Wong, Brian (12 March 2021). "National security law: bail denied again for 11 of the 47 Hong Kong opposition figures charged with subversion; 10 others withdraw bids at last minute". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 12 March 2021.
- ^ "岑敖暉還押期間確診 康復後被指「好好中氣」" (in Chinese). Yahoo! News. 25 July 2022. Retrieved 25 July 2022.
- ^ "Hong Kong: Joshua Wong sentenced to 10 more months". Deutsche Welle. 6 May 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
Judge Stanley Chan sentenced Lester Shum [...] to between four and six months.
- ^ Wong, Brian (14 April 2022). "Hong Kong protests: former district councillor Lester Shum jailed for 6 weeks over call for revenge on police following student's death". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 10 June 2022.
- ^ Wang, Wallis (19 August 2022). "29 activists plead guilty to subversion charge". The Standard. Hong Kong. Retrieved 13 September 2022.
- ^ "李八方online︱岑敖暉簽字做老襯 新婚夜甜蜜分享：願我們能一直篤定地直視彼此雙眼 ｜ 蘋果日報". Apple Daily (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 26 January 2021. Retrieved 29 January 2021.
- ^ How the HK47 Prepared for Charges Under the National Security Law, and International Reactions, China Digital Times, 2 March 2021]
- ^ "何潔泓保釋 岑敖暉又面臨坐監 20萬字情書 支撐牢獄生涯". 蘋果日報 (香港). 25 November 2017. Archived from the original on 6 August 2018. Retrieved 26 November 2017.
- ^ "政Whats噏：東北案後外遊 何潔泓岑敖暉九州放閃" (in Chinese). Oriental Daily News. 27 December 2018. Archived from the original on 28 December 2018. Retrieved 27 December 2018.
- ^ 沙半山 (21 May 2019). "政壇諸事町 岑敖暉、何潔泓分手 「不是關係的終點」". 香港01. Retrieved 21 May 2019.
