M5 fiber (polyhydroquinone-diimidazopyridine or PIPD) is a high-strength synthetic fiber first developed by the Dutch chemical firm AkzoNobel.[1] It is produced in the United States by the Magellan Systems International, which became a division of DuPont.
Preparation
editM5 fiber is prepared by a condensation polymerization between tetraaminopyridine and dihydroxyterephthalic acid using diphosphorus pentoxide as a dehydrating agent. The polymer mixture is then heated and extruded to form brightly blue polymer fibers. The fibers are then washed extensively with water and base in order to remove the phosphoric acid generated by the hydration of diphosphorus pentoxide from the polymer.
Next the fiber is heated, to remove water, and exposed to controlled stress, enabling the intermolecular hydrogen bonds to be created, thus increasing the strength of the polymer by aligning the molecular structure of the fiber in a better configuration for tensile and compressive strength.
Properties
editM5 has a tensile strength of 4 GPa[1] to 9.5GPa.[2] Other aramids- (such as Kevlar and Twaron) or UHMWPE-fibres (such as Dyneema and Spectra) range from 2.2 to 3.9 GPa.[3]
M5 has "very high levels" of fire resistance, flame retardancy, and chemical resistance, especially high for an organic fiber.[citation needed] It is less brittle than carbon fiber and will yield when stretched.
References
edit- ^ a b Lammers, M; Klop, E.A; Northolt, M.G; Sikkema, D.J (1998). "Mechanical properties and structural transitions in the new rigid-rod polymer fibre PIPD ('M5') during the manufacturing process". Polymer. 39 (24): 5999–6005. doi:10.1016/S0032-3861(98)00021-4.
- ^ Chen, X.; Zhou, Y. (2016). "Technical textiles for ballistic protection". Handbook of Technical Textiles. Elsevier. doi:10.1016/b978-1-78242-465-9.00006-9. ISBN 978-1-78242-465-9.
- ^ René Lohmann. "Teijin Aramid" (PDF). Teijin Aramid. p. 64.