Sir Maurice Oldfield GCMG CBE (16 November 1915 – 11 March 1981)[1] was a British intelligence officer and espionage administrator.[2][3] He served as the seventh director of the Secret Intelligence Service (MI6), from 1973 to 1978.
Maurice Oldfield | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Chief of the Secret Intelligence Service | |
| In office 1973–1978 | |
| Prime Minister | Edward Heath Harold Wilson James Callaghan |
| Preceded by | Sir John Rennie |
| Succeeded by | Sir Dick Franks |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 16 November 1915 Meadow Place Farm, Youlgreave, Derbyshire, England |
| Died | 11 March 1981 (aged 65) London, England |
| Alma mater | University of Manchester |
| Occupation | Intelligence officer |
| Awards | Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George Commander of the Order of the British Empire |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | United Kingdom  |
| Rank | Chief of the Secret Intelligence Service MI6 |
Early life
editOldfield was born on 16 November 1915 at his grandmother's farm just outside Youlgrave, a village in Derbyshire. He grew up at a house called Mona View in Over Haddon. He was the first of 11 children of Joseph Oldfield, tenant farmer, and his wife, Ada Annie Dicken.[4]
He was educated at Lady Manners School at the nearby market town of Bakewell, before winning a scholarship to the Victoria University of Manchester, where he stayed at Hulme Hall. There, he studied under the historian A. J. P. Taylor[5] and specialised in medieval history. He graduated with a first class degree and was elected to a fellowship.[6]
Intelligence career
editDuring the Second World War, Oldfield joined the British Army. Initially a sergeant in Army Field Security (which was absorbed into the Intelligence Corps in 1940), he was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the Intelligence Corps in July 1943.[7][2] Most of his wartime service was in Egypt at the headquarters of SIME (Security Intelligence Middle East) in Cairo.[2] This was primarily a counter-intelligence organisation, the role of which was to detect hostile agents in the region and counter their activities.[8]
By the end of the war, Oldfield had been promoted to major. In 1946, he was awarded an MBE.[9]
After the war, Oldfield joined the Secret Intelligence Service (SIS), commonly known as MI6.[2][10] From 1947 to 1949, he was deputy to Brigadier Douglas Roberts, the head of counter-intelligence, with whom he had served in Egypt during the war.[1] After two postings to Singapore (the first as deputy head, the second as head of the SIS regional headquarters) he was appointed a CBE. From 1959, he spent four years as the SIS representative in Washington, D.C. This was a key post, important for the maintenance of good relations between the SIS and the Central Intelligence Agency. On his return, he became director of counter-intelligence and deputy to the Chief of the Secret Intelligence Service Sir Dick White.[10] Oldfield was passed over for promotion when Sir John Rennie succeeded White in 1968. He eventually became director when Rennie resigned in 1973; he held this post until his retirement in 1978.[10]
Retirement
editAfter retiring from the MI6, Oldfield was a visiting fellow at All Souls College, Oxford until 1979.[11][1] Oldfield lived at Marsham Court, an apartment building in Millbank in the City of Westminster from the early 1970s until his death in 1981.[12] A large explosive device was discovered by officers from Special Branch hanging on railings outside Marsham Court on 13 October 1975. The bomb was near Lockett's restaurant which was directly under Oldfield's flat.[13]
In 1979 the new prime minister, Margaret Thatcher, asked Oldfield to coordinate security and intelligence in Northern Ireland.[6]
After his retirement as Chief of the SIS, it emerged that Oldfield was homosexual, resulting in his security clearance being withdrawn shortly before his death in 1981.[14][15]
Oldfield died in March 1981, aged 65. He is buried next to his parents and sister in St Anne's churchyard, Over Haddon, Derbyshire.[16]
Legacy
editOldfield was reputedly one of the models for John le Carré's fictional character George Smiley, though Le Carré disputes this.[17][2] In his memoir The Pigeon Tunnel: Stories from My Life Le Carré describes a lunchtime meeting between Oldfield, himself and Alec Guinness; this was intended to provide the actor with a sense of the manner and appearance of an "old spy in retirement".[18]
In October 2012, it was reported by the BBC's current affairs programme Panorama, that he had been linked to the Elm Guest House child abuse scandal, supposedly involving senior MPs and security personnel, by the Operation Midland investigation, and a Metropolitan Police informant. The investigation ended without charges, and in 2017 Oldfield was cleared of all allegations of child abuse at Elm Guest House and elsewhere.[19] The accuser in the Operation Midland case, Carl Beech, was subsequently convicted of making up the allegations in 2019.[20]
References
editCitations
- ^ a b c "Oldfield, Sir Maurice". Oldfield, Sir Maurice, (16 Nov. 1915–11 March 1981), HM Diplomatic Service, retired. Who's Who & Who Was Who. 2007. doi:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u167732. ISBN 978-0-19-954089-1. Retrieved 5 August 2021.
- ^ a b c d e "Sir Maurice Oldfield obituary". The Times. No. 60874. 12 March 1981. p. 16.
- ^ Coogan, Tim Pat (2002). The Troubles: Ireland's Ordeal and the Search for Peace. Macmillan. p. 346. ISBN 978-0-312-29418-2.
- ^ Pearce, p.24
- ^ Wrigley, C. (2006). A. J. P. Taylor: Radical Historian of Europe. I. B. Tauris. p. 295. ISBN 978-1860642869.
- ^ a b "All about C". The Spectator. 27 August 2016. Retrieved 31 October 2021.
- ^ "No. 36112". The London Gazette. 30 July 1943. p. 3434.
- ^ Hinsley, F.H.; Thomas, E.E.; Ransom C.F.G.; Knight, R.C. (1990). British Intelligence in the Second World War: Security and counter-intelligence. Cambridge University Press. pp. 151. ISBN 978-0521394093.
- ^ "No. 37407". The London Gazette. 1 January 1946. p. 29.
- ^ a b c "Oldfield, Sir Maurice (1915–1981), intelligence officer". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/31513. ISBN 978-0-19-861412-8. Retrieved 5 August 2021. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- ^ Crossley, John N. (7 January 2020). "Unofficial advice and official policy: Sir Maurice Oldfield and All Souls College, Oxford, 1978–9". Intelligence and National Security. 35 (3): 424–437. doi:10.1080/02684527.2020.1712114. ISSN 0268-4527. S2CID 214067337.
- ^ Pearce, p.316
- ^ Pearce, p.325
- ^ "The challenge of being gay and an MI6 spy". BBC News. 28 February 2021. Retrieved 28 February 2021.
- ^ "Written Answers, Prime Minister". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). Vol. 114. 23 April 1987. col. 657. Retrieved 12 April 2022.
- ^ Over Haddon webpage Archived 15 December 2009 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ [In an interview included in the BBC's DVD release of Smiley's People (1982, DVD release 28 June 2004), Le Carré says of Oldfield:
"…little, tubby man with spectacles. Was never the model for Smiley, I didn't meet him till after I'd invented Smiley but the press wouldn't wear that…"] - ^ Le Carré, John (2016). The Pigeon Tunnel: Stories from My Life. pp. 14–16. ISBN 978-0-241-97687-6.
- ^ "MI6 head Maurice Oldfield: The spy boss 'dragged through the mud'" BBC News 7 March 2017
- ^ Evans, Martin (22 July 2019). "Carl Beech aka Nick found guilty of making up Westminster VIP paedophile ring". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 25 July 2019.
Bibliographies
- Deacon, Richard (1985) 'C': A Biography of Sir Maurice Oldfield. London: Macdonald ISBN 0-356-10400-1
- Pearce, Martin (2016). Spymaster: The Life of Britain's Most Decorated Cold War Spy and Head of MI6, Sir Maurice Oldfield. London: Bantam Press. ISBN 978-0-59307-520-3.